# Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers

> Drive a tractor-trailer combination or a truck with a capacity of at least 26,001 pounds Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW). May be required to unload truck. Requires commercial drivers' license. Includes tow truck drivers.
- **Entity Type:** role
- **Schema Version:** role.v1
- **Soc Code:** 53-3032.00
- **Summary:** Drive a tractor-trailer combination or a truck with a capacity of at least 26,001 pounds Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW). May be required to unload truck. Requires commercial drivers' license. Includes tow truck drivers.

## Aliases

- Driver
- Line Haul Driver
- Over the Road Driver (OTR Driver)
- Truck Driver
- CDL Driver (Commercial Driver's License Driver)
- Log Truck Driver
- Production Truck Driver
- Road Driver
- Semi Truck Driver
- Tractor Trailer Driver
- Armored Truck Driver
- Automotive Carrier Driver (Auto Carrier Driver)

## Tasks

| Text | Type | Iwa |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Follow appropriate safety procedures for transporting dangerous goods. | Supplemental | 4.A.3.a.4.a |
| Secure cargo for transport, using ropes, blocks, chain, binders, or covers. | Supplemental | 4.A.3.a.1.f |
| Check all load-related documentation for completeness and accuracy. | Core | 4.A.2.a.3.a |
| Inspect loads to ensure that cargo is secure. | Core | 4.A.1.a.2.b |
| Check vehicles to ensure that mechanical, safety, and emergency equipment is in good working order. | Core | 4.A.1.b.2.d |
| Obtain receipts or signatures for delivered goods and collect payment for services when required. | Core | 4.A.4.c.3.d |
| Crank trailer landing gear up or down to safely secure vehicles. | Core | 4.A.3.a.4.a |
| Maintain logs of working hours or of vehicle service or repair status, following applicable state and federal regulations. | Core | 4.A.3.b.6.h |
| Read bills of lading to determine assignment details. | Core | 4.A.1.a.1.b |
| Report vehicle defects, accidents, traffic violations, or damage to the vehicles. | Core | 4.A.4.a.2.g |
| Perform basic vehicle maintenance tasks, such as adding oil, fuel, or radiator fluid, performing minor repairs, or washing trucks. | Core | 4.A.3.b.4.e |
| Couple or uncouple trailers by changing trailer jack positions, connecting or disconnecting air or electrical lines, or manipulating fifth-wheel locks. | Core | 4.A.3.a.2.ah |

## Emerging Tasks


## Activities

| Name | Iwa |
| --- | --- |
| Follow safety procedures for vehicle operation. | 4.A.3.a.4.a |
| Inspect motor vehicles. | 4.A.1.b.2.d |
| Record operational or production data. | 4.A.3.b.6.h |
| Record service or repair activities. | 4.A.3.b.6.h |
| Collect fares or payment from customers. | 4.A.4.c.3.d |
| Operate vehicles or material-moving equipment. | 4.A.3.a.4.a |
| Secure cargo. | 4.A.3.a.1.f |
| Review work orders or schedules to determine operations or procedures. | 4.A.1.a.1.b |
| Report vehicle or equipment malfunctions. | 4.A.4.a.2.g |
| Notify others of emergencies, problems, or hazards. | 4.A.4.a.2.g |
| Read maps to determine routes. | 4.A.1.a.1.b |
| Connect cables or electrical lines. | 4.A.3.a.2.ah |
| Verify information or specifications. | 4.A.2.a.2.a |
| Inspect cargo areas for cleanliness or condition. | 4.A.1.b.2.e |
| Maintain vehicles in good working condition. | 4.A.3.b.4.e |
| Acquire supplies or equipment. | 4.A.4.c.3.e |
| Remove debris or damaged materials. | 4.A.3.a.1.e |
| Monitor cargo area conditions. | 4.A.1.b.2.e |
| Direct material handling or moving activities. | 4.A.4.b.4.j |
| Install parts, assemblies, or attachments in transportation or material handling equipment. | 4.A.3.a.2.d |
| Operate green energy production equipment. | 4.A.3.a.3.g |
| Choose optimal transportation routes or speeds. | 4.A.2.b.1.d |
| Adjust routes or speeds as necessary. | 4.A.2.b.6.b |
| Inspect cargo to ensure it is properly loaded or secured. | 4.A.1.a.2.b |
| Review documents or materials for compliance with policies or regulations. | 4.A.2.a.3.a |
| Operate communications equipment or systems. | 4.A.3.a.3.j |
| Load shipments, belongings, or materials. | 4.A.3.a.1.f |
| Package materials or products. | 4.A.3.a.2.ap |

## Capabilities

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Far Vision | ability | 4.12 |
| Transportation | knowledge | 4.02 |
| Spatial Orientation | ability | 3.88 |
| Control Precision | ability | 3.88 |
| Multilimb Coordination | ability | 3.88 |
| Response Orientation | ability | 3.88 |
| Rate Control | ability | 3.88 |
| Public Safety and Security | knowledge | 3.87 |
| Operations Monitoring | transferable_skill | 3.75 |
| Operation and Control | transferable_skill | 3.75 |
| Reaction Time | ability | 3.75 |
| Customer and Personal Service | knowledge | 3.69 |
| Problem Sensitivity | ability | 3.62 |
| English Language | knowledge | 3.56 |
| Near Vision | ability | 3.5 |
| Depth Perception | ability | 3.5 |
| Selective Attention | ability | 3.25 |
| Monitoring | essential_skill | 3.12 |
| Oral Comprehension | ability | 3.12 |
| Deductive Reasoning | ability | 3.12 |
| Law and Government | knowledge | 3.05 |
| Reading Comprehension | essential_skill | 3 |
| Speaking | essential_skill | 3 |
| Critical Thinking | essential_skill | 3 |
| Troubleshooting | transferable_skill | 3 |
| Time Management | transferable_skill | 3 |
| Written Comprehension | ability | 3 |
| Oral Expression | ability | 3 |
| Information Ordering | ability | 3 |
| Category Flexibility | ability | 3 |
| Flexibility of Closure | ability | 3 |
| Visualization | ability | 3 |
| Time Sharing | ability | 3 |
| Arm-Hand Steadiness | ability | 3 |
| Manual Dexterity | ability | 3 |
| Static Strength | ability | 3 |
| Night Vision | ability | 3 |
| Peripheral Vision | ability | 3 |
| Glare Sensitivity | ability | 3 |
| Hearing Sensitivity | ability | 3 |

## Skills

| Name | Type |
| --- | --- |
| English Language | Common Skill |
| Depth Perception | Common Skill |
| Deductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Visualization | Specialized Skill |
| Time Management | Common Skill |
| Speech Recognition | Specialized Skill |
| Reading Comprehension | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Word | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Windows | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Outlook | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Excel | Common Skill |
| Information Ordering | Specialized Skill |
| Critical Thinking | Common Skill |
| Inductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Finger Dexterity | Common Skill |
| Equipment Maintenance | Specialized Skill |
| Active Listening | Common Skill |
| Telecommunications | Specialized Skill |
| Writing | Common Skill |
| Social Perceptiveness | Common Skill |
| Mathematics | Common Skill |
| Complex Problem Solving | Common Skill |
| Geography | Specialized Skill |
| Active Learning | Common Skill |
| Systems Analysis | Specialized Skill |
| Equipment Selection | Specialized Skill |
| Negotiation | Common Skill |
| Learning Strategies | Specialized Skill |
| Evernote | Specialized Skill |
| Physics | Specialized Skill |
| Instructing | Specialized Skill |
| Installation | Specialized Skill |
| Psychology | Specialized Skill |
| Chemistry | Specialized Skill |
| Foreign Language | Common Skill |
| Biology | Specialized Skill |

## Tools

| Example | Category | Hot | In Demand |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Microsoft Excel | Spreadsheet software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Office software | Office suite software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Outlook | Electronic mail software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Windows | Operating system software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Word | Word processing software | yes | no |
| SAP software | Enterprise resource planning ERP software | yes | no |
| 3M Post-it App | Word processing software | no | no |
| ADP ezLaborManager | Time accounting software | no | no |
| ALK Technologies PC*Miler | Route navigation software | no | no |
| Computerized inventory tracking software | Inventory management software | no | no |
| ddlsoftware.com drivers daily log program DDL | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| Eko | Desktop communications software | no | no |
| Evernote | Word processing software | no | no |
| Fog Line Software Truckn Pro | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| Inventory tracking software | Inventory management software | no | no |
| MarcoSoft Quo Vadis | Route navigation software | no | no |
| Omnitracs Performance Monitoring | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| PeopleNet | Materials requirements planning logistics and supply chain software | no | no |
| TruckersHelper | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| YouTube | Video creation and editing software | no | no |

## Work Context

| Name | Value |
| --- | --- |
| In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment | 4.95 |
| Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions | 4.76 |
| Frequency of Decision Making | 4.64 |
| Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results | 4.49 |
| Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls | 4.42 |
| Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets | 4.35 |
| Freedom to Make Decisions | 4.26 |
| Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures | 4.24 |
| Time Pressure | 4.24 |
| Contact With Others | 4.17 |
| Spend Time Sitting | 4.16 |
| Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams | 4.06 |
| Consequence of Error | 4.03 |
| Importance of Being Exact or Accurate | 3.99 |
| Telephone Conversations | 3.97 |
| Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals | 3.88 |
| Exposed to Contaminants | 3.86 |
| Deal With External Customers or the Public in General | 3.75 |
| Health and Safety of Other Workers | 3.74 |
| Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions | 3.65 |
| Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable | 3.61 |
| Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team | 3.6 |
| Importance of Repeating Same Tasks | 3.54 |
| E-Mail | 3.31 |
| Level of Competition | 3.27 |
| Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People | 3.17 |
| Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions | 3.11 |
| Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities | 3.06 |
| Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment | 2.93 |
| Outdoors, Under Cover | 2.81 |
| Exposed to Whole Body Vibration | 2.73 |
| Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers | 2.7 |
| Physical Proximity | 2.61 |
| Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body | 2.56 |
| Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings | 2.53 |
| Conflict Situations | 2.47 |
| Exposed to Hazardous Equipment | 2.46 |
| Exposed to Hazardous Conditions | 2.45 |
| Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions | 2.43 |
| Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled | 2.38 |

## Preparation

- **Job Zone:** 2
- **Job Zone Name:** Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed
- **Education:** Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not.
- **Experience:** Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training.
- **Svp Range:** (Below 6.0)

### Education Distribution

| Label | Percentage |
| --- | --- |
| High School Diploma | 54.34 |
| Less than a High School Diploma | 25.9 |
| Post-Secondary Certificate | 18.51 |
| Some College Courses | 1.24 |

## Person Fit

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Realistic | career_interest_type | 7 |
| Transportation/Machine Operation | specific_interest_area | 7 |
| Physical/Manual Labor | specific_interest_area | 4.2 |
| Conventional | career_interest_type | 4.1 |
| Dependability | work_style | 3 |
| Mechanics/Electronics | specific_interest_area | 2.79 |
| Cautiousness | work_style | 2.62 |
| Attention to Detail | work_style | 2.11 |
| Investigative | career_interest_type | 1.92 |
| Integrity | work_style | 1.86 |
| Perseverance | work_style | 1.77 |
| Stress Tolerance | work_style | 1.64 |
| Self-Control | work_style | 1.5 |
| Engineering | specific_interest_area | 1.48 |
| Protective Service | specific_interest_area | 1.44 |
| Accounting | specific_interest_area | 1.34 |

## Related Roles

| Soc Code | Slug | Title | Tier |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 53-7051.00 | role-53-7051-00 | Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators | Primary-Short |
| 53-3033.00 | role-53-3033-00 | Light Truck Drivers | Primary-Short |
| 53-7121.00 | role-53-7121-00 | Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders | Primary-Short |
| 49-3031.00 | role-49-3031-00 | Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists | Primary-Short |
| 47-5044.00 | role-47-5044-00 | Loading and Moving Machine Operators, Underground Mining | Primary-Short |
| 53-7081.00 | role-53-7081-00 | Refuse and Recyclable Material Collectors | Primary-Long |
| 53-3054.00 | role-53-3054-00 | Taxi Drivers | Primary-Long |
| 53-4013.00 | role-53-4013-00 | Rail Yard Engineers, Dinkey Operators, and Hostlers | Primary-Long |
| 53-7062.00 | role-53-7062-00 | Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand | Primary-Long |
| 53-3053.00 | role-53-3053-00 | Shuttle Drivers and Chauffeurs | Primary-Long |
| 53-4022.00 | role-53-4022-00 | Railroad Brake, Signal, and Switch Operators and Locomotive Firers | Supplemental |
| 47-2073.00 | role-47-2073-00 | Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators | Supplemental |

## Career Clusters

| Cluster | Slug |
| --- | --- |
| Supply Chain & Transportation | supply-chain-transportation |

## Education Level

- **Category:** Postsecondary nondegree award

## Study Programs

| Title | Slug |
| --- | --- |
| Transportation and Materials Moving | transportation-and-materials-moving |

## Market

- **Median Wage:** 57440
- **Mean Wage:** 58400
- **Pct10Wage:** 38640
- **Pct25Wage:** 47230
- **Pct75Wage:** 65520
- **Pct90Wage:** 78800
- **Employment:** 2070480
- **Area Title:** U.S.

## Industries


### Top

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Median Wage | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 48-49 | 48-49 | Transportation and Warehousing | Sector | 1183530 | 59200 | 11.92 |
| 42 | 42 | Wholesale Trade | Sector | 268970 | 57260 | 3.32 |
| 31-33 | 31-33 | Manufacturing | Sector | 159360 | 54860 | 0.93 |
| 23 | 23 | Construction | Sector | 133840 | 54170 | 1.23 |
| 56 | 56 | Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services | Sector | 111170 | 53620 | 0.92 |
| 44-45 | 44-45 | Retail Trade | Sector | 70560 | 48850 | 0.34 |
| 21 | 21 | Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction | Sector | 32730 | 55720 | 4.25 |
| 53 | 53 | Real Estate and Rental and Leasing | Sector | 29640 | 55690 | 0.93 |
| 54 | 54 | Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services | Sector | 17040 | 60320 | 0.12 |
| 11 | 11 | Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting | Sector | 13550 | 48610 | 2.38 |
| 81 | 81 | Other Services (except Public Administration) | Sector | 12670 | 48620 | 0.21 |
| 561320 | 561320 | Temporary Help Services | National industry | 12100 | 48170 | 0.34 |

### Concentrated

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 48-49 | 48-49 | Transportation and Warehousing | Sector | 1183530 | 11.92 |
| 21 | 21 | Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction | Sector | 32730 | 4.25 |
| 42 | 42 | Wholesale Trade | Sector | 268970 | 3.32 |
| 11 | 11 | Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting | Sector | 13550 | 2.38 |
| 238110 | 238110 | Poured Concrete Foundation and Structure Contractors | National industry | 5460 | 1.57 |
| 423820 | 423820 | Farm and Garden Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers | National industry | 2230 | 1.46 |
| 23 | 23 | Construction | Sector | 133840 | 1.23 |
| 237130 | 237130 | Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction | National industry | 3180 | 1.01 |
- **Count:** 42

## Ai Signals

| Source | Label | Score | Scale | Release |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| frey_osborne | Computerization probability | 0.79 | 0-1 probability | 2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot |
| felten_aioe | AI occupational exposure | -1.149057 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |
| felten_image_generation_aioe | Image generation occupational exposure | -0.287732 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |
| felten_language_modeling_aioe | Language modeling occupational exposure | -1.400404 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |

## Ai Outlook


### Index

- **Value:** 31
- **Percentile:** 29
- **Band:** Low
- **Version:** ai-exposure-index-v1

#### Components

| Percentile | Source |
| --- | --- |
| 12 | felten_aioe |
| 36 | openai_gpts_are_gpts |
| 45 | microsoft_working_with_ai |
- **Component Count:** 3

### Exposure

| Source | Label | Value | Percentile | Band | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| felten_aioe | Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.) | -1.149057 | 12 | Low | How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss. |
| eloundou_gamma | LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou) | 0.3653846153846154 | 36 | Moderate | Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank. |
| microsoft_applicability | AI assistant applicability (Microsoft) | 0.13797202006115283 | 45 | Moderate | How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement. |

### Frey Historical

- **Source:** frey
- **Label:** Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)
- **Value:** 0.79
- **Percentile:** 64
- **Band:** Moderate
- **Note:** A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking.
- **Teleworkable:** no

### Eloundou

- **Alpha:** 0.19230769230769232
- **Beta:** 0.27884615384615385
- **Gamma:** 0.3653846153846154

### Usage Tasks

| Task | Usage Percent | Importance |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Read and interpret maps to determine vehicle routes. | 0.007703084109461853 | 4.4 |
- **Usage Release:** 2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2

### Bls

- **Growth Percent:** 4
- **Growth Percentile:** 64
- **Direction:** About average
- **Annual Openings Thousands:** 237.6
- **Annual Openings Percentile:** 99
- **Employment2024Thousands:** 2235.1
- **Employment2034Thousands:** 2324.4

### Sources

| Source | Version |
| --- | --- |
| bls_employment_projections | 2024-2034 |
| dingel_neiman | dingel-neiman-workathome |
| felten_aioe | felten-raj-seamans-aioe |
| frey_osborne | frey-osborne-automation |
| microsoft_working_with_ai | working-with-ai |
| openai_gpts_are_gpts | gpts-are-gpts |

## Ai Playbook

- **Trusted Task Count:** 1
- **Task Count:** 2
- **Total Sample:** 69
- **Autonomy Median:** 4
- **Dominant Collaboration:** directive
- **Automation Share:** 40.48
- **Augmentation Share:** 38.1

### Collaboration

| Label | Percent |
| --- | --- |
| directive | 40.48 |
| task iteration | 38.1 |

### Use Case

| Label | Percent |
| --- | --- |
| personal | 95.24 |

### Delegated Tasks

| Task | Usage Percent | Collaboration | Autonomy Median | Sample Count |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Read and interpret maps to determine vehicle routes. | 0.004200525065633205 | directive | 4 | 42 |

### Boundary Tasks

| Task | Human Needed Percent | Sample Count |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Read and interpret maps to determine vehicle routes. | 97.61904761904762 | 42 |

### Seed Prompts

| Prompt | Collaboration |
| --- | --- |
| Do this for me: read and interpret maps to determine vehicle routes. Give me a finished draft I can review and adjust. | directive |
- **Release:** 2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2

## Counts

- **Tasks:** 29
- **Skills:** 36
- **Capabilities:** 120
- **Tools:** 20
- **Related Roles:** 20

## Source

- **Dataset:** gold.onet_role_starter_surface
- **Version:** 30.3
- **Generated At:** 2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00
- **Content Hash:** 995e52ae69d8d4fc