{
  "entityType": "role",
  "schemaVersion": "role.v1",
  "slug": "role-51-9124-00",
  "socCode": "51-9124.00",
  "title": "Coating, Painting, and Spraying Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders",
  "summary": "Set up, operate, or tend spraying or rolling machines to coat or paint any of a wide variety of products, including glassware, cloth, ceramics, metal, plastic, paper, or wood, with lacquer, silver, copper, rubber, varnish, glaze, enamel, oil, or rust-proofing materials. Includes painters of transportation vehicles such as painters in auto body repair facilities.",
  "aliases": [
    "Automotive Painter (Auto Painter)",
    "Coater Operator",
    "Paint Technician (Paint Tech)",
    "Painter",
    "Automotive Refinish Technician (Auto Refinish Tech)",
    "Hand Sprayer",
    "Industrial Painter",
    "Powder Coater",
    "Spray Painter",
    "Top Coater",
    "Abrasive Coating Machine Operator",
    "Abrasive Coating Machine Setup Operator"
  ],
  "tasks": [
    {
      "text": "Dispose of hazardous waste in an appropriate manner.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.1.e"
    },
    {
      "text": "Hold or position spray guns to direct spray onto articles.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.f"
    },
    {
      "text": "Spray prepared surfaces with specified amounts of primers and decorative or finish coatings.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.ag"
    },
    {
      "text": "Monitor painting operations to identify flaws, such as blisters or streaks, and correct their causes.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.2.a"
    },
    {
      "text": "Fill hoppers, reservoirs, troughs, or pans with material used to coat, paint, or spray, using conveyors or pails.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.1.f"
    },
    {
      "text": "Disassemble, clean, and reassemble sprayers or power equipment, using solvents, wire brushes, and cloths.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.1.c"
    },
    {
      "text": "Thread or feed items or products through or around machine rollers and dryers.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.f"
    },
    {
      "text": "Clean equipment and work areas.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.1.c"
    },
    {
      "text": "Weigh or measure chemicals, coatings, or paints before adding them to machines.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.3.a"
    },
    {
      "text": "Start and stop operation of machines, using levers or buttons.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.3.f"
    },
    {
      "text": "Apply rust-resistant undercoats and caulk and seal seams.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.ag"
    },
    {
      "text": "Operate auxiliary machines or equipment used in coating or painting processes.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.3.f"
    }
  ],
  "emergingTasks": [],
  "activities": [
    {
      "name": "Monitor equipment operation to ensure proper functioning.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.2.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inspect finishes of workpieces or finished products.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.2.f"
    },
    {
      "name": "Measure ingredients or substances to be used in production processes.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.3.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Adjust equipment controls to regulate flow of production materials or products.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.i"
    },
    {
      "name": "Adjust temperature controls of ovens or other heating equipment.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.i"
    },
    {
      "name": "Operate painting or coating equipment.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.3.f"
    },
    {
      "name": "Record operational or production data.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.6.h"
    },
    {
      "name": "Load materials into production equipment.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.1.f"
    },
    {
      "name": "Feed materials or products into or through equipment.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.f"
    },
    {
      "name": "Connect supply lines to production equipment or tools.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.ah"
    },
    {
      "name": "Remove products or workpieces from production equipment.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.an"
    },
    {
      "name": "Weigh finished products.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.3.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Measure dimensions of completed products or workpieces to verify conformance to specifications.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.3.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mount attachments or tools onto production equipment.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.f"
    },
    {
      "name": "Apply protective or decorative finishes to workpieces or products.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.ag"
    },
    {
      "name": "Polish materials, workpieces, or finished products.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.o"
    },
    {
      "name": "Clean work areas.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.1.c"
    },
    {
      "name": "Clean production equipment.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.1.c"
    },
    {
      "name": "Disassemble equipment for maintenance or repair.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.s"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dispose of trash or waste materials.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.1.e"
    },
    {
      "name": "Smooth metal surfaces or edges.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.o"
    },
    {
      "name": "Fill cracks, imperfections, or holes in products or workpieces.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.am"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mix ingredients to create specific finishes.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.1.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Monitor equipment operation to ensure that products are not flawed.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.2.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Operate cranes, hoists, or other moving or lifting equipment.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.3.h"
    },
    {
      "name": "Prepare surfaces for finishing.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.1.g"
    },
    {
      "name": "Assemble temporary equipment or structures.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.a"
    }
  ],
  "capabilities": [
    {
      "name": "Near Vision",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Arm-Hand Steadiness",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Control Precision",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Visual Color Discrimination",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Operations Monitoring",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Manual Dexterity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Finger Dexterity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Far Vision",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Monitoring",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Operation and Control",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Quality Control Analysis",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Flexibility of Closure",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Perceptual Speed",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Visualization",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Trunk Strength",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Equipment Maintenance",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Repairing",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Problem Sensitivity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Selective Attention",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Multilimb Coordination",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Dynamic Strength",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Extent Flexibility",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Mechanical",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 2.99
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordination",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Complex Problem Solving",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Equipment Selection",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Troubleshooting",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Management",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Expression",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Category Flexibility",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Rate Control",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Reaction Time",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Stamina",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Auditory Attention",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 2.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Social Perceptiveness",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.75
    }
  ],
  "skills": [
    {
      "name": "Finger Dexterity",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Visualization",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Word",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Outlook",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Excel",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Equipment Maintenance",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Management",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Equipment Selection",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Complex Problem Solving",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Social Perceptiveness",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Recognition",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Learning Strategies",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Depth Perception",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Listening",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Learning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Writing",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Analysis",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Instructing",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chemistry",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Negotiation",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Physics",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Telecommunications",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Psychology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Foreign Language",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Installation",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Geography",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Biology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Industrial Control Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    }
  ],
  "tools": [
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Excel",
      "category": "Spreadsheet software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Office software",
      "category": "Office suite software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Outlook",
      "category": "Electronic mail software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Word",
      "category": "Word processing software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Inventory control software",
      "category": "Inventory management software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Inventory management systems",
      "category": "Inventory management software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Maintenance management software",
      "category": "Facilities management software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Materials requirement planning MRP software",
      "category": "Materials requirements planning logistics and supply chain software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Robotic painting software",
      "category": "Industrial control software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Scheduling software",
      "category": "Calendar and scheduling software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Time recording software",
      "category": "Time accounting software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    }
  ],
  "workContext": [
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls",
      "value": 4.83
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable",
      "value": 4.66
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions",
      "value": 4.61
    },
    {
      "name": "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams",
      "value": 4.48
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Contaminants",
      "value": 4.35
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Standing",
      "value": 4.28
    },
    {
      "name": "Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets",
      "value": 4.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Pressure",
      "value": 4.23
    },
    {
      "name": "Frequency of Decision Making",
      "value": 4.19
    },
    {
      "name": "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team",
      "value": 4.1
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures",
      "value": 4.04
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate",
      "value": 3.96
    },
    {
      "name": "Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection",
      "value": 3.84
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Walking or Running",
      "value": 3.8
    },
    {
      "name": "Freedom to Make Decisions",
      "value": 3.79
    },
    {
      "name": "Physical Proximity",
      "value": 3.77
    },
    {
      "name": "Health and Safety of Other Workers",
      "value": 3.69
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Hazardous Conditions",
      "value": 3.67
    },
    {
      "name": "Contact With Others",
      "value": 3.52
    },
    {
      "name": "Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment",
      "value": 3.42
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body",
      "value": 3.36
    },
    {
      "name": "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers",
      "value": 3.29
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities",
      "value": 3.28
    },
    {
      "name": "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results",
      "value": 3.26
    },
    {
      "name": "Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled",
      "value": 3.22
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings",
      "value": 3.09
    },
    {
      "name": "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals",
      "value": 2.87
    },
    {
      "name": "Indoors, Environmentally Controlled",
      "value": 2.81
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks",
      "value": 2.73
    },
    {
      "name": "Level of Competition",
      "value": 2.64
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Hazardous Equipment",
      "value": 2.48
    },
    {
      "name": "Conflict Situations",
      "value": 2.37
    },
    {
      "name": "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People",
      "value": 2.35
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions",
      "value": 2.34
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling",
      "value": 2.32
    },
    {
      "name": "Consequence of Error",
      "value": 2.32
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions",
      "value": 2.3
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Letters and Memos",
      "value": 2.22
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to High Places",
      "value": 2.2
    },
    {
      "name": "Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions",
      "value": 2.11
    }
  ],
  "preparation": {
    "jobZone": "2",
    "jobZoneName": "Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed",
    "education": "Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not.",
    "experience": "Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training.",
    "svpRange": "(Below 6.0)",
    "educationDistribution": [
      {
        "label": "High School Diploma",
        "percentage": 62.67
      },
      {
        "label": "Less than a High School Diploma",
        "percentage": 26.66
      },
      {
        "label": "Post-Secondary Certificate",
        "percentage": 7.07
      },
      {
        "label": "Some College Courses",
        "percentage": 3.6
      }
    ]
  },
  "personFit": [
    {
      "name": "Realistic",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 6.98
    },
    {
      "name": "Physical/Manual Labor",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 4.94
    },
    {
      "name": "Conventional",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 3.64
    },
    {
      "name": "Construction/Woodwork",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 2.84
    },
    {
      "name": "Mechanics/Electronics",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 2.76
    },
    {
      "name": "Attention to Detail",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 2.16
    },
    {
      "name": "Artistic",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 2.11
    },
    {
      "name": "Transportation/Machine Operation",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 2.07
    },
    {
      "name": "Dependability",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 2.06
    },
    {
      "name": "Applied Arts and Design",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.94
    },
    {
      "name": "Engineering",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.79
    },
    {
      "name": "Cautiousness",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 1.76
    },
    {
      "name": "Visual Arts",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Investigative",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 1.49
    },
    {
      "name": "Physical Science",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.31
    },
    {
      "name": "Social",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 1.23
    }
  ],
  "relatedRoles": [
    {
      "socCode": "51-9123.00",
      "slug": "role-51-9123-00",
      "title": "Painting, Coating, and Decorating Workers",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-4193.00",
      "slug": "role-51-4193-00",
      "title": "Plating Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-9195.00",
      "slug": "role-51-9195-00",
      "title": "Molders, Shapers, and Casters, Except Metal and Plastic",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-7021.00",
      "slug": "role-51-7021-00",
      "title": "Furniture Finishers",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-9022.00",
      "slug": "role-51-9022-00",
      "title": "Grinding and Polishing Workers, Hand",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-9191.00",
      "slug": "role-51-9191-00",
      "title": "Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
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      "cluster": "Supply Chain & Transportation",
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    "category": "High school diploma or equivalent",
    "slug": "high-school-diploma-or-equivalent"
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        "note": "Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank."
      },
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        "note": "How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement."
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      "employment2034Thousands": 166.7
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    "sources": [
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        "source": "bls_employment_projections",
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      },
      {
        "source": "microsoft_working_with_ai",
        "version": "working-with-ai"
      },
      {
        "source": "openai_gpts_are_gpts",
        "version": "gpts-are-gpts"
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    "skills": 35,
    "capabilities": 120,
    "tools": 11,
    "relatedRoles": 20
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  "source": {
    "dataset": "gold.onet_role_starter_surface",
    "version": "30.3",
    "generatedAt": "2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00",
    "contentHash": "0f5f0cc68f163584"
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}