entityType = "role"
schemaVersion = "role.v1"
slug = "role-51-6093-00"
socCode = "51-6093.00"
title = "Upholsterers"
summary = "Make, repair, or replace upholstery for household furniture or transportation vehicles."
aliases = ["Box Spring Upholsterer", "Upholstered Goods Crafter", "Upholsterer", "Upholstery Cutter", "Furniture Upholsterer", "Inside Upholsterer", "Sofa Back Upholsterer", "Stapler", "Trimmer", "Upholstery Trimmer", "Aircraft Seat Upholsterer", "Arm Maker"]
emergingTasks = []

[preparation]
jobZone = "2"
jobZoneName = "Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed"
education = "Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not."
experience = "Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training."
svpRange = "(Below 6.0)"

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "High School Diploma"
percentage = 56.18

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Less than a High School Diploma"
percentage = 43.82

[educationLevel]
category = "High school diploma or equivalent"
slug = "high-school-diploma-or-equivalent"

[market]
medianWage = 46190
meanWage = 46960
pct10Wage = 32190
pct25Wage = 37200
pct75Wage = 51740
pct90Wage = 63600
employment = 20990
areaTitle = "U.S."

[industries]
count = 14

[[industries.top]]
naics = "31-33"
slug = "31-33"
title = "Manufacturing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 12150
medianWage = 46190
lq = 6.99

[[industries.top]]
naics = "81"
slug = "81"
title = "Other Services (except Public Administration)"
level = "Sector"
employment = 5770
medianWage = 45900
lq = 9.58

[[industries.top]]
naics = "56"
slug = "56"
title = "Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 850
medianWage = 46970
lq = 0.69

[[industries.top]]
naics = "561320"
slug = "561320"
title = "Temporary Help Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 720
medianWage = 46040
lq = 2

[[industries.top]]
naics = "44-45"
slug = "44-45"
title = "Retail Trade"
level = "Sector"
employment = 650
medianWage = 46890
lq = 0.31

[[industries.top]]
naics = "42"
slug = "42"
title = "Wholesale Trade"
level = "Sector"
employment = 430
medianWage = 39970
lq = 0.52

[[industries.top]]
naics = "48-49"
slug = "48-49"
title = "Transportation and Warehousing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 410
medianWage = 55440
lq = 0.41

[[industries.top]]
naics = "72"
slug = "72"
title = "Accommodation and Food Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 170
medianWage = 53600
lq = 0.09

[[industries.top]]
naics = "721120"
slug = "721120"
title = "Casino Hotels"
level = "National industry"
employment = 170
medianWage = 52720
lq = 3.71

[[industries.top]]
naics = "53"
slug = "53"
title = "Real Estate and Rental and Leasing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 130
medianWage = 49220
lq = 0.4

[[industries.top]]
naics = "71"
slug = "71"
title = "Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation"
level = "Sector"
employment = 70
medianWage = 53760

[[industries.top]]
naics = "23"
slug = "23"
title = "Construction"
level = "Sector"
employment = 60
medianWage = 49790

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "81"
slug = "81"
title = "Other Services (except Public Administration)"
level = "Sector"
employment = 5770
lq = 9.58

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "31-33"
slug = "31-33"
title = "Manufacturing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 12150
lq = 6.99

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "721120"
slug = "721120"
title = "Casino Hotels"
level = "National industry"
employment = 170
lq = 3.71

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "561320"
slug = "561320"
title = "Temporary Help Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 720
lq = 2

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "56"
slug = "56"
title = "Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 850
lq = 0.69

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "42"
slug = "42"
title = "Wholesale Trade"
level = "Sector"
employment = 430
lq = 0.52

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "48-49"
slug = "48-49"
title = "Transportation and Warehousing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 410
lq = 0.41

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "53"
slug = "53"
title = "Real Estate and Rental and Leasing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 130
lq = 0.4

[aiOutlook]
teleworkable = false
usageRelease = "2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2"

[aiOutlook.index]
value = 20
percentile = 17
band = "Low"
version = "ai-exposure-index-v1"
componentCount = 3

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 8
source = "felten_aioe"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 30
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 23
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"

[aiOutlook.freyHistorical]
source = "frey"
label = "Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)"
value = 0.39
percentile = 43
band = "Moderate"
note = "A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking."

[aiOutlook.eloundou]
alpha = 0.11764705882352941
beta = 0.19117647058823528
gamma = 0.2647058823529412

[aiOutlook.bls]
growthPercent = -1.8
growthPercentile = 19
direction = "Declining"
annualOpeningsThousands = 2.2
annualOpeningsPercentile = 30
employment2024Thousands = 22.7
employment2034Thousands = 22.3

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.)"
value = -1.313735
percentile = 8
band = "Low"
note = "How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "eloundou_gamma"
label = "LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou)"
value = 0.2647058823529412
percentile = 30
band = "Low"
note = "Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "microsoft_applicability"
label = "AI assistant applicability (Microsoft)"
value = 0.08219784637820152
percentile = 23
band = "Low"
note = "How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement."

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Draw cutting lines on material following patterns, templates, sketches, or blueprints, using chalk, pencils, paint, or other methods."
usagePercent = 0.002156863550649319
importance = 4.27

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "bls_employment_projections"
version = "2024-2034"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "dingel_neiman"
version = "dingel-neiman-workathome"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "felten_aioe"
version = "felten-raj-seamans-aioe"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "frey_osborne"
version = "frey-osborne-automation"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"
version = "working-with-ai"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"
version = "gpts-are-gpts"

[counts]
tasks = 22
skills = 37
capabilities = 120
tools = 8
relatedRoles = 20

[source]
dataset = "gold.onet_role_starter_surface"
version = "30.3"
generatedAt = "2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00"
contentHash = "30428f141afef9a2"

[[tasks]]
text = "Fit, install, and secure material on frames, using hand tools, power tools, glue, cement, or staples."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.f"

[[tasks]]
text = "Measure and cut new covering materials, using patterns and measuring and cutting instruments, following sketches and design specifications."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.b.3.a"

[[tasks]]
text = "Build furniture up with loose fiber stuffing, cotton, felt, or foam padding to form smooth, rounded surfaces."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.aj"

[[tasks]]
text = "Make, restore, or create custom upholstered furniture, using hand tools and knowledge of fabrics and upholstery methods."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.b.4.b"

[[tasks]]
text = "Read work orders, and apply knowledge and experience with materials to determine types and amounts of materials required to cover workpieces."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.b"

[[tasks]]
text = "Draw cutting lines on material following patterns, templates, sketches, or blueprints, using chalk, pencils, paint, or other methods."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.ao"

[[tasks]]
text = "Stretch webbing and fabric, using webbing stretchers."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.f"

[[tasks]]
text = "Operate sewing machines or sew upholstery by hand to seam cushions and join various sections of covering material."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.e"

[[tasks]]
text = "Examine furniture frames, upholstery, springs, and webbing to locate defects."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.b.2.j"

[[tasks]]
text = "Adjust or replace webbing, padding, or springs, and secure them in place."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.b.4.b"

[[tasks]]
text = "Sew rips or tears in material, or create tufting, using needles and thread."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.e"

[[tasks]]
text = "Design upholstery cover patterns and cutting plans, based on sketches, customer descriptions, or blueprints."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.k"

[[activities]]
name = "Mount materials or workpieces onto production equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Align parts or workpieces to ensure proper assembly."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.ao"

[[activities]]
name = "Assemble garments or textile products."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.aj"

[[activities]]
name = "Examine condition of property or products."
iwa = "4.A.1.b.2.j"

[[activities]]
name = "Attach decorative or functional accessories to products."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.ab"

[[activities]]
name = "Repair furniture or upholstery."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.4.b"

[[activities]]
name = "Read work orders or other instructions to determine product specifications or materials requirements."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.b"

[[activities]]
name = "Draw guide lines or markings on materials or workpieces using patterns or other references."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.ao"

[[activities]]
name = "Measure materials to mark reference points, cutting lines, or other indicators."
iwa = "4.A.1.b.3.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Cut fabrics."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.l"

[[activities]]
name = "Record operational or production data."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.h"

[[activities]]
name = "Estimate costs of products, services, or materials."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.1.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Confer with customers or designers to determine order specifications."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.2.j"

[[activities]]
name = "Shape surfaces or edges of wood workpieces."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.g"

[[activities]]
name = "Sew clothing or other articles."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.e"

[[activities]]
name = "Operate sewing equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.e"

[[activities]]
name = "Move furniture."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.j"

[[activities]]
name = "Repair textiles or apparel."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.e"

[[activities]]
name = "Prepare fabrics or materials for processing or production."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.m"

[[activities]]
name = "Adjust fabrics or other materials during garment production."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Design templates or patterns."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.k"

[[activities]]
name = "Exchange information with colleagues."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.2.c"

[[capabilities]]
name = "Arm-Hand Steadiness"
family = "ability"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Manual Dexterity"
family = "ability"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Finger Dexterity"
family = "ability"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Near Vision"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Control Precision"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Multilimb Coordination"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Visual Color Discrimination"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Visualization"
family = "ability"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Written Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Problem Sensitivity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Information Ordering"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Trunk Strength"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Extent Flexibility"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Production and Processing"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.07

[[capabilities]]
name = "Design"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.02

[[capabilities]]
name = "Active Listening"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speaking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Active Learning"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Monitoring"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Judgment and Decision Making"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Time Management"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Originality"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Category Flexibility"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Flexibility of Closure"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Selective Attention"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Static Strength"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Depth Perception"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Clarity"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Service Orientation"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Operations Monitoring"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Fluency of Ideas"
family = "ability"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Perceptual Speed"
family = "ability"
value = 2.88

[[skills]]
name = "Finger Dexterity"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Visualization"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Information Ordering"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Time Management"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Word"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Windows"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft PowerPoint"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Excel"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Depth Perception"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Listening"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Learning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Learning Strategies"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Mathematics"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Writing"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Equipment Selection"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Instructing"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Negotiation"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Equipment Maintenance"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Systems Analysis"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "English Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Telecommunications"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Chemistry"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Foreign Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Physics"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Biology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Psychology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Installation"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Geography"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Presentation Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Accounting Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[tools]]
example = "Autodesk AutoCAD"
category = "Computer aided design CAD software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Intuit QuickBooks"
category = "Accounting software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Excel"
category = "Spreadsheet software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Office software"
category = "Office suite software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft PowerPoint"
category = "Presentation software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Windows"
category = "Operating system software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Word"
category = "Word processing software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "LibreOffice Draw"
category = "Process mapping and design software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls"
value = 4.89

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Standing"
value = 4.63

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate"
value = 4.33

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions"
value = 4.14

[[workContext]]
name = "Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets"
value = 3.93

[[workContext]]
name = "Time Pressure"
value = 3.86

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body"
value = 3.8

[[workContext]]
name = "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams"
value = 3.79

[[workContext]]
name = "Level of Competition"
value = 3.71

[[workContext]]
name = "Contact With Others"
value = 3.65

[[workContext]]
name = "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals"
value = 3.65

[[workContext]]
name = "Indoors, Environmentally Controlled"
value = 3.59

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings"
value = 3.54

[[workContext]]
name = "Physical Proximity"
value = 3.46

[[workContext]]
name = "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results"
value = 3.46

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Walking or Running"
value = 3.44

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable"
value = 3.25

[[workContext]]
name = "Freedom to Make Decisions"
value = 3.21

[[workContext]]
name = "Frequency of Decision Making"
value = 3.18

[[workContext]]
name = "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers"
value = 3.17

[[workContext]]
name = "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities"
value = 3.15

[[workContext]]
name = "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team"
value = 3.08

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Contaminants"
value = 3.04

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Hazardous Equipment"
value = 2.93

[[workContext]]
name = "Health and Safety of Other Workers"
value = 2.84

[[workContext]]
name = "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People"
value = 2.78

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling"
value = 2.64

[[workContext]]
name = "Deal With External Customers or the Public in General"
value = 2.59

[[workContext]]
name = "Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled"
value = 2.56

[[workContext]]
name = "Conflict Situations"
value = 2.38

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions"
value = 2.34

[[workContext]]
name = "Consequence of Error"
value = 2.3

[[workContext]]
name = "Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment"
value = 2.3

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks"
value = 2.21

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Hazardous Conditions"
value = 2.18

[[workContext]]
name = "Telephone Conversations"
value = 2.12

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance"
value = 1.96

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions"
value = 1.85

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures"
value = 1.75

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Sitting"
value = 1.61

[[personFit]]
name = "Realistic"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 6.81

[[personFit]]
name = "Physical/Manual Labor"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 4.84

[[personFit]]
name = "Construction/Woodwork"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 3.53

[[personFit]]
name = "Visual Arts"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 3.4

[[personFit]]
name = "Applied Arts and Design"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 3.06

[[personFit]]
name = "Artistic"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 2.92

[[personFit]]
name = "Conventional"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 2.92

[[personFit]]
name = "Attention to Detail"
family = "work_style"
value = 2.22

[[personFit]]
name = "Dependability"
family = "work_style"
value = 1.98

[[personFit]]
name = "Investigative"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 1.84

[[personFit]]
name = "Mechanics/Electronics"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.59

[[personFit]]
name = "Engineering"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.5

[[personFit]]
name = "Social"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 1.38

[[personFit]]
name = "Transportation/Machine Operation"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.29

[[personFit]]
name = "Performing Arts"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.19

[[personFit]]
name = "Personal Service"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.18

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-7021.00"
slug = "role-51-7021-00"
title = "Furniture Finishers"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-7011.00"
slug = "role-51-7011-00"
title = "Cabinetmakers and Bench Carpenters"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-6051.00"
slug = "role-51-6051-00"
title = "Sewers, Hand"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-6041.00"
slug = "role-51-6041-00"
title = "Shoe and Leather Workers and Repairers"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-6031.00"
slug = "role-51-6031-00"
title = "Sewing Machine Operators"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "47-2041.00"
slug = "role-47-2041-00"
title = "Carpet Installers"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-9022.00"
slug = "role-51-9022-00"
title = "Grinding and Polishing Workers, Hand"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-9195.00"
slug = "role-51-9195-00"
title = "Molders, Shapers, and Casters, Except Metal and Plastic"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-2041.00"
slug = "role-51-2041-00"
title = "Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-9123.00"
slug = "role-51-9123-00"
title = "Painting, Coating, and Decorating Workers"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-2011.00"
slug = "role-51-2011-00"
title = "Aircraft Structure, Surfaces, Rigging, and Systems Assemblers"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-7042.00"
slug = "role-51-7042-00"
title = "Woodworking Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Except Sawing"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Advanced Manufacturing"
slug = "advanced-manufacturing"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Precision Production"
slug = "precision-production"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "frey_osborne"
label = "Computerization probability"
score = 0.39
scale = "0-1 probability"
release = "2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "AI occupational exposure"
score = -1.313735
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_image_generation_aioe"
label = "Image generation occupational exposure"
score = -0.5489876
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_language_modeling_aioe"
label = "Language modeling occupational exposure"
score = -1.405178
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"
