# Pressers, Textile, Garment, and Related Materials

> Press or shape articles by hand or machine.
- **Entity Type:** role
- **Schema Version:** role.v1
- **Soc Code:** 51-6021.00
- **Summary:** Press or shape articles by hand or machine.

## Aliases

- Ironing Worker
- Pants Presser
- Presser
- Shirt Presser
- Boarder
- Dry Cleaner Presser
- Garment Presser
- Ironing Machine Operator
- Pressing Machine Operator
- Silk Presser
- All-Around Presser
- Armhole Presser

## Tasks

| Text | Type | Iwa |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Hang, fold, package, and tag finished articles for delivery to customers. | Core | 4.A.1.b.1.a |
| Operate steam, hydraulic, or other pressing machines to remove wrinkles from garments and flatwork items, or to shape, form, or patch articles. | Core | 4.A.3.a.3.f |
| Straighten, smooth, or shape materials to prepare them for pressing. | Core | 4.A.3.a.2.f |
| Remove finished pieces from pressing machines and hang or stack them for cooling, or forward them for additional processing. | Core | 4.A.3.a.1.f |
| Finish pleated garments, determining sizes of pleats from evidence of old pleats or from work orders, using machine presses or hand irons. | Core | 4.A.3.a.3.f |
| Lower irons, rams, or pressing heads of machines into position over material to be pressed. | Core | 4.A.3.a.3.f |
| Shrink, stretch, or block articles by hand to conform to original measurements, using forms, blocks, and steam. | Core | 4.A.3.a.2.f |
| Identify and treat spots on garments. | Core | 4.A.3.a.1.h |
| Finish fancy garments such as evening gowns and costumes, using hand irons to produce high quality finishes. | Core | 4.A.3.a.3.f |
| Push and pull irons over surfaces of articles to smooth or shape them. | Core | 4.A.3.a.3.f |
| Finish pants, jackets, shirts, skirts and other dry-cleaned and laundered articles, using hand irons. | Core | 4.A.3.a.3.f |
| Slide material back and forth over heated, metal, ball-shaped forms to smooth and press portions of garments that cannot be satisfactorily pressed with flat pressers or hand irons. | Core | 4.A.3.a.3.f |

## Emerging Tasks


## Activities

| Name | Iwa |
| --- | --- |
| Smooth garments with irons, presses, or steamers. | 4.A.3.a.3.f |
| Stack finished items for further processing or shipment. | 4.A.3.a.1.f |
| Remove products or workpieces from production equipment. | 4.A.3.a.2.an |
| Mark products, workpieces, or equipment with identifying information. | 4.A.1.b.1.a |
| Package products for storage or shipment. | 4.A.3.a.2.ap |
| Select production equipment according to product specifications. | 4.A.2.b.1.j |
| Adjust fabrics or other materials during garment production. | 4.A.3.a.2.f |
| Set equipment guides, stops, spacers, or other fixtures. | 4.A.3.a.2.at |
| Prepare fabrics or materials for processing or production. | 4.A.3.a.2.m |
| Adjust temperature controls of ovens or other heating equipment. | 4.A.3.a.2.i |
| Clean production equipment. | 4.A.3.a.1.c |
| Maintain production or processing equipment. | 4.A.3.b.5.a |
| Clean fabrics or apparel. | 4.A.3.a.1.h |
| Install mechanical components in production equipment. | 4.A.3.a.2.at |
| Inspect garments for defects, damage, or stains. | 4.A.1.b.2.j |
| Measure dimensions of completed products or workpieces to verify conformance to specifications. | 4.A.1.b.3.a |
| Operate sewing equipment. | 4.A.3.a.2.e |
| Measure materials to mark reference points, cutting lines, or other indicators. | 4.A.1.b.3.a |
| Cut fabrics. | 4.A.3.a.2.l |

## Capabilities

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Manual Dexterity | ability | 3.62 |
| Customer and Personal Service | knowledge | 3.61 |
| Arm-Hand Steadiness | ability | 3.38 |
| Production and Processing | knowledge | 3.27 |
| Control Precision | ability | 3.25 |
| Near Vision | ability | 3.25 |
| Finger Dexterity | ability | 3.12 |
| Multilimb Coordination | ability | 3.12 |
| Operation and Control | transferable_skill | 3 |
| Reaction Time | ability | 3 |
| Trunk Strength | ability | 3 |
| English Language | knowledge | 2.91 |
| Rate Control | ability | 2.88 |
| Extent Flexibility | ability | 2.88 |
| Public Safety and Security | knowledge | 2.87 |
| Dynamic Strength | ability | 2.75 |
| Problem Sensitivity | ability | 2.62 |
| Stamina | ability | 2.62 |
| Education and Training | knowledge | 2.59 |
| Administration and Management | knowledge | 2.51 |
| Critical Thinking | essential_skill | 2.5 |
| Operations Monitoring | transferable_skill | 2.5 |
| Time Management | transferable_skill | 2.5 |
| Oral Comprehension | ability | 2.5 |
| Deductive Reasoning | ability | 2.5 |
| Information Ordering | ability | 2.5 |
| Selective Attention | ability | 2.5 |
| Static Strength | ability | 2.5 |
| Far Vision | ability | 2.5 |
| Sales and Marketing | knowledge | 2.46 |
| Mathematics | knowledge | 2.39 |
| Monitoring | essential_skill | 2.38 |
| Inductive Reasoning | ability | 2.38 |
| Speed of Limb Movement | ability | 2.38 |
| Depth Perception | ability | 2.38 |
| Personnel and Human Resources | knowledge | 2.34 |
| Transportation | knowledge | 2.3 |
| Complex Problem Solving | transferable_skill | 2.25 |
| Equipment Maintenance | transferable_skill | 2.25 |
| Troubleshooting | transferable_skill | 2.25 |

## Skills

| Name | Type |
| --- | --- |
| Finger Dexterity | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Word | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Excel | Common Skill |
| English Language | Common Skill |
| Time Management | Common Skill |
| Information Ordering | Specialized Skill |
| Deductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Critical Thinking | Common Skill |
| Mathematics | Common Skill |
| Inductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Depth Perception | Common Skill |
| Speech Recognition | Specialized Skill |
| Equipment Maintenance | Specialized Skill |
| Complex Problem Solving | Common Skill |
| Visualization | Specialized Skill |
| Active Learning | Common Skill |
| Social Perceptiveness | Common Skill |
| Reading Comprehension | Common Skill |
| Equipment Selection | Specialized Skill |
| Email Software | Specialized Skill |
| Active Listening | Common Skill |
| Writing | Common Skill |
| Negotiation | Common Skill |
| Learning Strategies | Specialized Skill |
| Physics | Specialized Skill |
| Systems Analysis | Specialized Skill |
| Chemistry | Specialized Skill |
| Foreign Language | Common Skill |
| Psychology | Specialized Skill |
| Geography | Specialized Skill |
| Instructing | Specialized Skill |
| Installation | Specialized Skill |
| Telecommunications | Specialized Skill |
| Biology | Specialized Skill |

## Tools

| Example | Category | Hot | In Demand |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Microsoft Excel | Spreadsheet software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Word | Word processing software | yes | no |
| Email software | Electronic mail software | no | no |

## Work Context

| Name | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Spend Time Standing | 4.28 |
| Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls | 4.24 |
| Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment | 4.19 |
| Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams | 4.08 |
| Importance of Being Exact or Accurate | 4.07 |
| Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals | 3.95 |
| Time Pressure | 3.94 |
| Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings | 3.75 |
| Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions | 3.68 |
| Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team | 3.46 |
| Contact With Others | 3.43 |
| Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body | 3.43 |
| Level of Competition | 3.38 |
| Health and Safety of Other Workers | 3.31 |
| Indoors, Environmentally Controlled | 3.04 |
| Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers | 2.9 |
| Importance of Repeating Same Tasks | 2.84 |
| Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures | 2.83 |
| Spend Time Walking or Running | 2.74 |
| Freedom to Make Decisions | 2.69 |
| Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People | 2.65 |
| Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable | 2.61 |
| Deal With External Customers or the Public in General | 2.58 |
| Exposed to Contaminants | 2.56 |
| Degree of Automation | 2.55 |
| Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled | 2.47 |
| Physical Proximity | 2.4 |
| Consequence of Error | 2.31 |
| Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities | 2.24 |
| Exposed to Hazardous Equipment | 2.16 |
| Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results | 2.08 |
| Conflict Situations | 2.05 |
| Public Speaking | 1.9 |
| Telephone Conversations | 1.88 |
| Exposed to Hazardous Conditions | 1.79 |
| Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets | 1.75 |
| Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions | 1.69 |
| Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions | 1.58 |
| Spend Time Sitting | 1.55 |
| Written Letters and Memos | 1.51 |

## Preparation

- **Job Zone:** 2
- **Job Zone Name:** Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed
- **Education:** Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not.
- **Experience:** Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training.
- **Svp Range:** (Below 6.0)

### Education Distribution

| Label | Percentage |
| --- | --- |
| Less than a High School Diploma | 59.18 |
| High School Diploma | 25.62 |
| Doctoral Degree | 14.15 |
| Associate's Degree (or other 2-year degree) | 1.05 |

## Person Fit

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Realistic | career_interest_type | 6.38 |
| Physical/Manual Labor | specific_interest_area | 4.2 |
| Conventional | career_interest_type | 3.5 |
| Artistic | career_interest_type | 2.31 |
| Attention to Detail | work_style | 2.14 |
| Applied Arts and Design | specific_interest_area | 2 |
| Dependability | work_style | 1.8 |
| Investigative | career_interest_type | 1.46 |
| Mechanics/Electronics | specific_interest_area | 1.35 |
| Transportation/Machine Operation | specific_interest_area | 1.33 |
| Engineering | specific_interest_area | 1.29 |
| Visual Arts | specific_interest_area | 1.27 |
| Personal Service | specific_interest_area | 1.24 |
| Social | career_interest_type | 1.15 |
| Cautiousness | work_style | 1.11 |
| Performing Arts | specific_interest_area | 1.07 |

## Related Roles

| Soc Code | Slug | Title | Tier |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 51-6031.00 | role-51-6031-00 | Sewing Machine Operators | Primary-Short |
| 51-6011.00 | role-51-6011-00 | Laundry and Dry-Cleaning Workers | Primary-Short |
| 51-6042.00 | role-51-6042-00 | Shoe Machine Operators and Tenders | Primary-Short |
| 51-9196.00 | role-51-9196-00 | Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders | Primary-Short |
| 53-7063.00 | role-53-7063-00 | Machine Feeders and Offbearers | Primary-Short |
| 51-9031.00 | role-51-9031-00 | Cutters and Trimmers, Hand | Primary-Long |
| 51-9032.00 | role-51-9032-00 | Cutting and Slicing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders | Primary-Long |
| 51-9191.00 | role-51-9191-00 | Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders | Primary-Long |
| 51-6061.00 | role-51-6061-00 | Textile Bleaching and Dyeing Machine Operators and Tenders | Primary-Long |
| 51-6041.00 | role-51-6041-00 | Shoe and Leather Workers and Repairers | Primary-Long |
| 51-6051.00 | role-51-6051-00 | Sewers, Hand | Supplemental |
| 51-9022.00 | role-51-9022-00 | Grinding and Polishing Workers, Hand | Supplemental |

## Career Clusters

| Cluster | Slug |
| --- | --- |
| Advanced Manufacturing | advanced-manufacturing |

## Education Level

- **Category:** No formal educational credential

## Study Programs


## Market

- **Median Wage:** 33880
- **Mean Wage:** 33370
- **Pct10Wage:** 24960
- **Pct25Wage:** 29060
- **Pct75Wage:** 36830
- **Pct90Wage:** 41410
- **Employment:** 26830
- **Area Title:** U.S.

## Industries


### Top

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Median Wage | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 81 | 81 | Other Services (except Public Administration) | Sector | 23560 | 33690 | 30.59 |
| 31-33 | 31-33 | Manufacturing | Sector | 1780 | 35790 | 0.8 |
| 44-45 | 44-45 | Retail Trade | Sector | 620 | 34510 | 0.23 |
| 53 | 53 | Real Estate and Rental and Leasing | Sector | 190 | 36480 | 0.46 |
| 459110 | 459110 | Sporting Goods Retailers | National industry | 170 | 35210 | 3.28 |
| 62 | 62 | Health Care and Social Assistance | Sector | 30 | 28080 |  |
| 42 | 42 | Wholesale Trade | Sector |  | 36830 |  |
| 48-49 | 48-49 | Transportation and Warehousing | Sector |  | 33950 |  |
| 56 | 56 | Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services | Sector |  | 28690 |  |
| 561320 | 561320 | Temporary Help Services | National industry |  | 28690 |  |

### Concentrated

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 81 | 81 | Other Services (except Public Administration) | Sector | 23560 | 30.59 |
| 459110 | 459110 | Sporting Goods Retailers | National industry | 170 | 3.28 |
| 31-33 | 31-33 | Manufacturing | Sector | 1780 | 0.8 |
| 53 | 53 | Real Estate and Rental and Leasing | Sector | 190 | 0.46 |
| 44-45 | 44-45 | Retail Trade | Sector | 620 | 0.23 |
- **Count:** 10

## Ai Signals

| Source | Label | Score | Scale | Release |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| frey_osborne | Computerization probability | 0.81 | 0-1 probability | 2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot |
| felten_aioe | AI occupational exposure | -1.950063 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |
| felten_image_generation_aioe | Image generation occupational exposure | -1.892426 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |
| felten_language_modeling_aioe | Language modeling occupational exposure | -1.853906 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |

## Ai Outlook


### Index

- **Value:** 6
- **Percentile:** 3
- **Band:** Low
- **Version:** ai-exposure-index-v1

#### Components

| Percentile | Source |
| --- | --- |
| 1 | felten_aioe |
| 5 | openai_gpts_are_gpts |
| 12 | microsoft_working_with_ai |
- **Component Count:** 3

### Exposure

| Source | Label | Value | Percentile | Band | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| felten_aioe | Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.) | -1.950063 | 1 | Low | How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss. |
| eloundou_gamma | LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou) | 0.020833333333333332 | 5 | Low | Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank. |
| microsoft_applicability | AI assistant applicability (Microsoft) | 0.05421297539758848 | 12 | Low | How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement. |

### Frey Historical

- **Source:** frey
- **Label:** Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)
- **Value:** 0.81
- **Percentile:** 65
- **Band:** Moderate
- **Note:** A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking.
- **Teleworkable:** no

### Eloundou

- **Alpha:** 0
- **Beta:** 0.010416666666666666
- **Gamma:** 0.020833333333333332

### Usage Tasks


### Bls

- **Growth Percent:** -13.5
- **Growth Percentile:** 3
- **Direction:** Declining
- **Annual Openings Thousands:** 2.8
- **Annual Openings Percentile:** 36
- **Employment2024Thousands:** 28.4
- **Employment2034Thousands:** 24.6

### Sources

| Source | Version |
| --- | --- |
| bls_employment_projections | 2024-2034 |
| dingel_neiman | dingel-neiman-workathome |
| felten_aioe | felten-raj-seamans-aioe |
| frey_osborne | frey-osborne-automation |
| microsoft_working_with_ai | working-with-ai |
| openai_gpts_are_gpts | gpts-are-gpts |

## Counts

- **Tasks:** 28
- **Skills:** 34
- **Capabilities:** 120
- **Tools:** 3
- **Related Roles:** 20

## Source

- **Dataset:** gold.onet_role_starter_surface
- **Version:** 30.3
- **Generated At:** 2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00
- **Content Hash:** 3cfe961d1f6b89e7