entityType = "role"
schemaVersion = "role.v1"
slug = "role-51-5113-00"
socCode = "51-5113.00"
title = "Print Binding and Finishing Workers"
summary = "Bind books and other publications or finish printed products by hand or machine. May set up binding and finishing machines."
aliases = ["Binder Operator", "Bindery Operator", "Bindery Worker", "Book Binder", "Bindery Technician", "Custom Bookbinder", "Perfect Binder Operator", "Bander", "Binder", "Bindery Associate", "Bindery Cutter", "Bindery Cutter Operator"]
emergingTasks = []
studyPrograms = []

[preparation]
jobZone = "2"
jobZoneName = "Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed"
education = "Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not."
experience = "Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training."
svpRange = "(Below 6.0)"

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "High School Diploma"
percentage = 87.93

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Less than a High School Diploma"
percentage = 4.35

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Post-Secondary Certificate"
percentage = 3.79

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Associate's Degree (or other 2-year degree)"
percentage = 2.78

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Some College Courses"
percentage = 1.16

[educationLevel]
category = "High school diploma or equivalent"
slug = "high-school-diploma-or-equivalent"

[market]
medianWage = 39820
meanWage = 43040
pct10Wage = 31110
pct25Wage = 36070
pct75Wage = 48240
pct90Wage = 57980
employment = 36470
areaTitle = "U.S."

[industries]
count = 12

[[industries.top]]
naics = "31-33"
slug = "31-33"
title = "Manufacturing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 31820
medianWage = 40630
lq = 10.54

[[industries.top]]
naics = "56"
slug = "56"
title = "Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 1540
medianWage = 35280
lq = 0.72

[[industries.top]]
naics = "561320"
slug = "561320"
title = "Temporary Help Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 1460
medianWage = 34480
lq = 2.33

[[industries.top]]
naics = "51"
slug = "51"
title = "Information"
level = "Sector"
employment = 1030
medianWage = 38390
lq = 1.5

[[industries.top]]
naics = "54"
slug = "54"
title = "Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 1020
medianWage = 36940
lq = 0.4

[[industries.top]]
naics = "513110"
slug = "513110"
title = "Newspaper Publishers"
level = "National industry"
employment = 260
medianWage = 32040
lq = 12.13

[[industries.top]]
naics = "61"
slug = "61"
title = "Educational Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 150
medianWage = 43670
lq = 0.05

[[industries.top]]
naics = "62"
slug = "62"
title = "Health Care and Social Assistance"
level = "Sector"
employment = 150
medianWage = 38530
lq = 0.03

[[industries.top]]
naics = "42"
slug = "42"
title = "Wholesale Trade"
level = "Sector"
employment = 100
medianWage = 38580
lq = 0.07

[[industries.top]]
naics = "55"
slug = "55"
title = "Management of Companies and Enterprises"
level = "Sector"
employment = 60
medianWage = 39790

[[industries.top]]
naics = "52"
slug = "52"
title = "Finance and Insurance"
level = "Sector"
employment = 50
medianWage = 35420

[[industries.top]]
naics = "44-45"
slug = "44-45"
title = "Retail Trade"
level = "Sector"
medianWage = 30680

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "513110"
slug = "513110"
title = "Newspaper Publishers"
level = "National industry"
employment = 260
lq = 12.13

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "31-33"
slug = "31-33"
title = "Manufacturing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 31820
lq = 10.54

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "561320"
slug = "561320"
title = "Temporary Help Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 1460
lq = 2.33

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "51"
slug = "51"
title = "Information"
level = "Sector"
employment = 1030
lq = 1.5

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "56"
slug = "56"
title = "Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 1540
lq = 0.72

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "54"
slug = "54"
title = "Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 1020
lq = 0.4

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "42"
slug = "42"
title = "Wholesale Trade"
level = "Sector"
employment = 100
lq = 0.07

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "61"
slug = "61"
title = "Educational Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 150
lq = 0.05

[aiOutlook]
teleworkable = false
usageRelease = "2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2"

[aiOutlook.index]
value = 15
percentile = 12
band = "Low"
version = "ai-exposure-index-v1"
componentCount = 3

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 21
source = "felten_aioe"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 17
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 8
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"

[aiOutlook.freyHistorical]
source = "frey"
label = "Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)"
value = 0.95
percentile = 89
band = "High"
note = "A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking."

[aiOutlook.eloundou]
alpha = 0.05128205128205128
beta = 0.08974358974358973
gamma = 0.1282051282051282

[aiOutlook.bls]
growthPercent = -16.1
growthPercentile = 2
direction = "Declining"
annualOpeningsThousands = 2.8
annualOpeningsPercentile = 36
employment2024Thousands = 35.8
employment2034Thousands = 30

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.)"
value = -0.9062089
percentile = 21
band = "Low"
note = "How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "eloundou_gamma"
label = "LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou)"
value = 0.1282051282051282
percentile = 17
band = "Low"
note = "Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "microsoft_applicability"
label = "AI assistant applicability (Microsoft)"
value = 0.04164004807566006
percentile = 8
band = "Low"
note = "How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement."

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Meet with clients, printers, or designers to discuss job requirements or binding plans."
usagePercent = 0.0017460323981446867
importance = 4.2

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "bls_employment_projections"
version = "2024-2034"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "dingel_neiman"
version = "dingel-neiman-workathome"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "felten_aioe"
version = "felten-raj-seamans-aioe"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "frey_osborne"
version = "frey-osborne-automation"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"
version = "working-with-ai"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"
version = "gpts-are-gpts"

[counts]
tasks = 25
skills = 37
capabilities = 120
tools = 11
relatedRoles = 20

[source]
dataset = "gold.onet_role_starter_surface"
version = "30.3"
generatedAt = "2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00"
contentHash = "81a2474f64831876"

[[tasks]]
text = "Examine stitched, collated, bound, or unbound product samples for defects, such as imperfect bindings, ink spots, torn pages, loose pages, or loose or uncut threads."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.b.2.f"

[[tasks]]
text = "Read work orders to determine instructions and specifications for machine set-up."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.b"

[[tasks]]
text = "Install or adjust bindery machine devices, such as knives, guides, rollers, rounding forms, creasing rams, or clamps, to accommodate sheets, signatures, or books of specified sizes."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.f"

[[tasks]]
text = "Stitch or glue endpapers, bindings, backings, or signatures, using sewing machines, glue machines, or glue and brushes."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.e"

[[tasks]]
text = "Trim edges of books to size, using cutting machines, book trimming machines, or hand cutters."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.l"

[[tasks]]
text = "Insert book bodies in devices that form back edges of books into convex shapes and produce grooves that facilitate cover attachment."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.f"

[[tasks]]
text = "Monitor machine operations to detect malfunctions or to determine whether adjustments are needed."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.a.2.a"

[[tasks]]
text = "Maintain records, such as daily production records, using specified forms."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.h"

[[tasks]]
text = "Lubricate, clean, or make minor repairs to machine parts to keep machines in working condition."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Set up or operate bindery machines, such as coil binders, thermal or tape binders, plastic comb binders, or specialty binders."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.3.f"

[[tasks]]
text = "Set up or operate machines that perform binding operations, such as pressing, folding, or trimming."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.3.f"

[[tasks]]
text = "Cut cover material to specified dimensions, fitting and gluing material to binder boards by hand or machine."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.l"

[[activities]]
name = "Operate equipment to print images or bind printed images together."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.3.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Cut industrial materials in preparation for fabrication or processing."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.l"

[[activities]]
name = "Sew clothing or other articles."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.e"

[[activities]]
name = "Mount materials or workpieces onto production equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Record operational or production data."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.h"

[[activities]]
name = "Confer with customers or designers to determine order specifications."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.2.j"

[[activities]]
name = "Watch operating equipment to detect malfunctions."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.2.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Engrave designs, text, or other markings onto materials, workpieces, or products."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.y"

[[activities]]
name = "Drill holes in parts, equipment, or materials."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.ad"

[[activities]]
name = "Study blueprints or other instructions to determine equipment setup requirements."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.b"

[[activities]]
name = "Load materials into production equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Adjust equipment controls to regulate flow of production materials or products."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.i"

[[activities]]
name = "Operate sewing equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.e"

[[activities]]
name = "Trim excess material from workpieces."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.l"

[[activities]]
name = "Inspected printed materials or other images to verify quality."
iwa = "4.A.1.b.2.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Mount attachments or tools onto production equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Clean production equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Repair production equipment or tools."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.4.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Lubricate production equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.5.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Stack finished items for further processing or shipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Package products for storage or shipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.ap"

[[activities]]
name = "Instruct workers to use equipment or perform technical procedures."
iwa = "4.A.4.b.3.e"

[[capabilities]]
name = "Administration and Management"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.51

[[capabilities]]
name = "Problem Sensitivity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Finger Dexterity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Near Vision"
family = "ability"
value = 3.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Operations Monitoring"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Production and Processing"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Arm-Hand Steadiness"
family = "ability"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Manual Dexterity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Visualization"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Clarity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Mechanical"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.24

[[capabilities]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Monitoring"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Judgment and Decision Making"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Written Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Selective Attention"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Control Precision"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Trunk Strength"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Customer and Personal Service"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.08

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speaking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Quality Control Analysis"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Information Ordering"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Multilimb Coordination"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Mathematics"
family = "knowledge"
value = 2.9

[[capabilities]]
name = "English Language"
family = "knowledge"
value = 2.9

[[capabilities]]
name = "Active Listening"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Coordination"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Instructing"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Operation and Control"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Equipment Maintenance"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Repairing"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Time Management"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Written Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 2.88

[[skills]]
name = "Finger Dexterity"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Visualization"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Word"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Outlook"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Excel"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Information Ordering"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Mathematics"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "English Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Time Management"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Instructing"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Equipment Maintenance"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Listening"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Writing"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Systems Analysis"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Learning Strategies"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Equipment Selection"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Depth Perception"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Learning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Negotiation"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Publisher"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Email Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Psychology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Installation"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Physics"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Chemistry"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Telecommunications"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Geography"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Foreign Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Biology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Accounting Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Excel"
category = "Spreadsheet software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Office software"
category = "Office suite software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Outlook"
category = "Electronic mail software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Word"
category = "Word processing software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Email software"
category = "Electronic mail software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Houchen Bindery Library Automated Retrieval System LARS"
category = "Library software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Label printing software"
category = "Label making software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Publisher"
category = "Desktop publishing software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Trade Bindery Software Bindery Estimating System"
category = "Accounting software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Trade Bindery Software Bindery Management System"
category = "Enterprise resource planning ERP software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Web browser software"
category = "Internet browser software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Standing"
value = 4.71

[[workContext]]
name = "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams"
value = 4.7

[[workContext]]
name = "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team"
value = 4.55

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate"
value = 4.31

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls"
value = 4.29

[[workContext]]
name = "Indoors, Environmentally Controlled"
value = 4.28

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions"
value = 4.19

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable"
value = 3.95

[[workContext]]
name = "Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets"
value = 3.93

[[workContext]]
name = "Time Pressure"
value = 3.87

[[workContext]]
name = "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results"
value = 3.76

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Contaminants"
value = 3.71

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Hazardous Equipment"
value = 3.71

[[workContext]]
name = "Frequency of Decision Making"
value = 3.6

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks"
value = 3.6

[[workContext]]
name = "Contact With Others"
value = 3.57

[[workContext]]
name = "Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment"
value = 3.57

[[workContext]]
name = "Health and Safety of Other Workers"
value = 3.55

[[workContext]]
name = "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals"
value = 3.46

[[workContext]]
name = "Freedom to Make Decisions"
value = 3.42

[[workContext]]
name = "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers"
value = 3.41

[[workContext]]
name = "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities"
value = 3.29

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Walking or Running"
value = 3.25

[[workContext]]
name = "Physical Proximity"
value = 3.21

[[workContext]]
name = "Consequence of Error"
value = 3.09

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body"
value = 2.96

[[workContext]]
name = "Degree of Automation"
value = 2.7

[[workContext]]
name = "Level of Competition"
value = 2.68

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings"
value = 2.57

[[workContext]]
name = "Deal With External Customers or the Public in General"
value = 2.51

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions"
value = 2.47

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Hazardous Conditions"
value = 2.44

[[workContext]]
name = "Conflict Situations"
value = 2.28

[[workContext]]
name = "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People"
value = 2.23

[[workContext]]
name = "Telephone Conversations"
value = 1.98

[[workContext]]
name = "Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled"
value = 1.87

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling"
value = 1.77

[[workContext]]
name = "Written Letters and Memos"
value = 1.72

[[workContext]]
name = "E-Mail"
value = 1.57

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Sitting"
value = 1.54

[[personFit]]
name = "Conventional"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 5.49

[[personFit]]
name = "Realistic"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 5.44

[[personFit]]
name = "Physical/Manual Labor"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 4.08

[[personFit]]
name = "Mechanics/Electronics"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 2.86

[[personFit]]
name = "Attention to Detail"
family = "work_style"
value = 2.77

[[personFit]]
name = "Dependability"
family = "work_style"
value = 2.16

[[personFit]]
name = "Artistic"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 2.05

[[personFit]]
name = "Engineering"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.79

[[personFit]]
name = "Construction/Woodwork"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.7

[[personFit]]
name = "Transportation/Machine Operation"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.67

[[personFit]]
name = "Management/Administration"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.56

[[personFit]]
name = "Cautiousness"
family = "work_style"
value = 1.56

[[personFit]]
name = "Applied Arts and Design"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.49

[[personFit]]
name = "Social"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 1.47

[[personFit]]
name = "Visual Arts"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.42

[[personFit]]
name = "Office Work"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.31

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-9196.00"
slug = "role-51-9196-00"
title = "Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-9032.00"
slug = "role-51-9032-00"
title = "Cutting and Slicing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-9191.00"
slug = "role-51-9191-00"
title = "Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-6031.00"
slug = "role-51-6031-00"
title = "Sewing Machine Operators"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-6062.00"
slug = "role-51-6062-00"
title = "Textile Cutting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "53-7063.00"
slug = "role-53-7063-00"
title = "Machine Feeders and Offbearers"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-5112.00"
slug = "role-51-5112-00"
title = "Printing Press Operators"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-4033.00"
slug = "role-51-4033-00"
title = "Grinding, Lapping, Polishing, and Buffing Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-7042.00"
slug = "role-51-7042-00"
title = "Woodworking Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Except Sawing"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-4031.00"
slug = "role-51-4031-00"
title = "Cutting, Punching, and Press Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-6042.00"
slug = "role-51-6042-00"
title = "Shoe Machine Operators and Tenders"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-4081.00"
slug = "role-51-4081-00"
title = "Multiple Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Advanced Manufacturing"
slug = "advanced-manufacturing"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "frey_osborne"
label = "Computerization probability"
score = 0.95
scale = "0-1 probability"
release = "2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "AI occupational exposure"
score = -0.9062089
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_image_generation_aioe"
label = "Image generation occupational exposure"
score = -0.7243609
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_language_modeling_aioe"
label = "Language modeling occupational exposure"
score = -0.9139293
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"
