entityType = "role"
schemaVersion = "role.v1"
slug = "role-51-5112-00"
socCode = "51-5112.00"
title = "Printing Press Operators"
summary = "Set up and operate digital, letterpress, lithographic, flexographic, gravure, or other printing machines. Includes short-run offset printing presses."
aliases = ["Press Operator", "Pressman", "Printer", "Printing Press Operator", "Digital Press Operator", "Flexographic Press Operator", "Offset Press Operator", "Offset Pressman", "Printing Pressman", "Web Press Operator", "Aniline Press Worker", "Back Up Machine Operator"]
emergingTasks = []

[preparation]
jobZone = "2"
jobZoneName = "Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed"
education = "Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not."
experience = "Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training."
svpRange = "(Below 6.0)"

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "High School Diploma"
percentage = 73.17

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Post-Secondary Certificate"
percentage = 19.46

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Some College Courses"
percentage = 6.15

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Less than a High School Diploma"
percentage = 1.22

[educationLevel]
category = "High school diploma or equivalent"
slug = "high-school-diploma-or-equivalent"

[market]
medianWage = 45160
meanWage = 46620
pct10Wage = 31450
pct25Wage = 36970
pct75Wage = 54340
pct90Wage = 63060
employment = 145110
areaTitle = "U.S."

[industries]
count = 19

[[industries.top]]
naics = "31-33"
slug = "31-33"
title = "Manufacturing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 107890
medianWage = 46010
lq = 8.98

[[industries.top]]
naics = "54"
slug = "54"
title = "Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 10730
medianWage = 39350
lq = 1.06

[[industries.top]]
naics = "56"
slug = "56"
title = "Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 6020
medianWage = 37670
lq = 0.71

[[industries.top]]
naics = "42"
slug = "42"
title = "Wholesale Trade"
level = "Sector"
employment = 5720
medianWage = 38710
lq = 1.01

[[industries.top]]
naics = "51"
slug = "51"
title = "Information"
level = "Sector"
employment = 5490
medianWage = 45720
lq = 2.01

[[industries.top]]
naics = "513110"
slug = "513110"
title = "Newspaper Publishers"
level = "National industry"
employment = 3960
medianWage = 44710
lq = 46.43

[[industries.top]]
naics = "44-45"
slug = "44-45"
title = "Retail Trade"
level = "Sector"
employment = 3350
medianWage = 37820
lq = 0.23

[[industries.top]]
naics = "561320"
slug = "561320"
title = "Temporary Help Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 2890
medianWage = 35000
lq = 1.16

[[industries.top]]
naics = "61"
slug = "61"
title = "Educational Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 1600
medianWage = 48340
lq = 0.12

[[industries.top]]
naics = "55"
slug = "55"
title = "Management of Companies and Enterprises"
level = "Sector"
employment = 1020
medianWage = 45330
lq = 0.39

[[industries.top]]
naics = "459110"
slug = "459110"
title = "Sporting Goods Retailers"
level = "National industry"
employment = 950
medianWage = 36870
lq = 3.39

[[industries.top]]
naics = "52"
slug = "52"
title = "Finance and Insurance"
level = "Sector"
employment = 700
medianWage = 48180
lq = 0.12

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "513110"
slug = "513110"
title = "Newspaper Publishers"
level = "National industry"
employment = 3960
lq = 46.43

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "31-33"
slug = "31-33"
title = "Manufacturing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 107890
lq = 8.98

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "459110"
slug = "459110"
title = "Sporting Goods Retailers"
level = "National industry"
employment = 950
lq = 3.39

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "51"
slug = "51"
title = "Information"
level = "Sector"
employment = 5490
lq = 2.01

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "561320"
slug = "561320"
title = "Temporary Help Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 2890
lq = 1.16

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "54"
slug = "54"
title = "Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 10730
lq = 1.06

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "42"
slug = "42"
title = "Wholesale Trade"
level = "Sector"
employment = 5720
lq = 1.01

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "56"
slug = "56"
title = "Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 6020
lq = 0.71

[aiOutlook]
teleworkable = false
usageRelease = "2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2"

[aiOutlook.index]
value = 35
percentile = 33
band = "Low"
version = "ai-exposure-index-v1"
componentCount = 3

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 29
source = "felten_aioe"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 38
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 37
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"

[aiOutlook.freyHistorical]
source = "frey"
label = "Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)"
value = 0.83
percentile = 68
band = "High"
note = "A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking."

[aiOutlook.eloundou]
alpha = 0.17500000000000002
beta = 0.28750000000000003
gamma = 0.4

[aiOutlook.bls]
growthPercent = -8.1
growthPercentile = 7
direction = "Declining"
annualOpeningsThousands = 13.7
annualOpeningsPercentile = 70
employment2024Thousands = 150.2
employment2034Thousands = 138

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.)"
value = -0.7093881
percentile = 29
band = "Low"
note = "How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "eloundou_gamma"
label = "LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou)"
value = 0.4
percentile = 38
band = "Moderate"
note = "Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "microsoft_applicability"
label = "AI assistant applicability (Microsoft)"
value = 0.11704849142485182
percentile = 37
band = "Moderate"
note = "How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement."

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Adjust digital files to alter print elements, such as fonts, graphics, or color separations."
usagePercent = 0.005546220558812534
importance = 4.33

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "bls_employment_projections"
version = "2024-2034"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "dingel_neiman"
version = "dingel-neiman-workathome"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "felten_aioe"
version = "felten-raj-seamans-aioe"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "frey_osborne"
version = "frey-osborne-automation"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"
version = "working-with-ai"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"
version = "gpts-are-gpts"

[counts]
tasks = 23
skills = 45
capabilities = 120
tools = 28
relatedRoles = 20

[source]
dataset = "gold.onet_role_starter_surface"
version = "30.3"
generatedAt = "2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00"
contentHash = "9f9df2086d0cdcf8"

[[tasks]]
text = "Start presses and pull proofs to check for ink coverage and density, alignment, and registration."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.b.2.f"

[[tasks]]
text = "Examine job orders to determine quantities to be printed, stock specifications, colors, or special printing instructions."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.b"

[[tasks]]
text = "Adjust ink fountain flow rates."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.i"

[[tasks]]
text = "Verify that paper and ink meet the specifications for a given job."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.a.1.e"

[[tasks]]
text = "Collect and inspect random samples during print runs to identify any necessary adjustments."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.b.2.f"

[[tasks]]
text = "Feed paper through press cylinders and adjust feed and tension controls."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.f"

[[tasks]]
text = "Load presses with paper and make necessary adjustments, according to paper size."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.f"

[[tasks]]
text = "Monitor automated press operation systems and respond to fault, error, or alert messages."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.a.2.a"

[[tasks]]
text = "Secure printing plates to printing units and adjust tolerances."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.f"

[[tasks]]
text = "Download or scan files to be printed, using printing production software."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.3.b.1.f"

[[tasks]]
text = "Clean ink fountains, plates, or printing unit cylinders when press runs are completed."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Change press plates, blankets, or cylinders, as required."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.at"

[[activities]]
name = "Program equipment to perform production tasks."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.1.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Adjust equipment controls to regulate flow of production materials or products."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.i"

[[activities]]
name = "Install mechanical components in production equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.at"

[[activities]]
name = "Clean production equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Lubricate production equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.5.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Inspected printed materials or other images to verify quality."
iwa = "4.A.1.b.2.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Collect samples of materials or products for testing."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.b"

[[activities]]
name = "Download data."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.1.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Read work orders or other instructions to determine product specifications or materials requirements."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.b"

[[activities]]
name = "Review blueprints or other instructions to determine operational methods or sequences."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.b"

[[activities]]
name = "Feed materials or products into or through equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Enter commands, instructions, or specifications into equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.1.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Load materials into production equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Monitor equipment operation to ensure proper functioning."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.2.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Mix ingredients to create specific finishes."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Mount materials or workpieces onto production equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Operate photographic developing or print production equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.3.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Evaluate quality of materials or products."
iwa = "4.A.2.a.1.e"

[[activities]]
name = "Direct operational or production activities."
iwa = "4.A.4.b.4.j"

[[activities]]
name = "Record operational or production data."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.h"

[[activities]]
name = "Monitor environmental impacts of production or development activities."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.j"

[[activities]]
name = "Maintain inventories of materials, equipment, or products."
iwa = "4.A.4.c.3.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Order materials, supplies, or equipment."
iwa = "4.A.4.c.3.e"

[[activities]]
name = "Operate cutting equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.3.l"

[[capabilities]]
name = "Near Vision"
family = "ability"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Quality Control Analysis"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Mechanical"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.83

[[capabilities]]
name = "Production and Processing"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.66

[[capabilities]]
name = "Operations Monitoring"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Control Precision"
family = "ability"
value = 3.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Problem Sensitivity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Monitoring"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Operation and Control"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Arm-Hand Steadiness"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Manual Dexterity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Active Listening"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speaking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Equipment Maintenance"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Troubleshooting"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Repairing"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Judgment and Decision Making"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Time Management"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Written Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Information Ordering"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Visualization"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Selective Attention"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Finger Dexterity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Multilimb Coordination"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Clarity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Coordination"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Category Flexibility"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Flexibility of Closure"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Perceptual Speed"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Static Strength"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Far Vision"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Visual Color Discrimination"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[skills]]
name = "Visualization"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Time Management"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Information Ordering"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Finger Dexterity"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Equipment Maintenance"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Listening"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Word"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Outlook"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Excel"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Adobe Photoshop"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Adobe InDesign"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Adobe Illustrator"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Adobe Acrobat"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Learning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "English Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Mathematics"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Equipment Selection"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Depth Perception"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Chemistry"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Writing"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Systems Analysis"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Instructing"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Learning Strategies"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Squeegee"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Negotiation"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Graphics Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Email Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Adobe PageMaker"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Physics"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Psychology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Installation"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Telecommunications"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Geography"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[tools]]
example = "Adobe Acrobat"
category = "Document management software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Adobe Illustrator"
category = "Graphics or photo imaging software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Adobe InDesign"
category = "Desktop publishing software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Adobe Photoshop"
category = "Graphics or photo imaging software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Excel"
category = "Spreadsheet software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Office software"
category = "Office suite software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Outlook"
category = "Electronic mail software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Word"
category = "Word processing software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "SAP software"
category = "Enterprise resource planning ERP software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "AABACH Graphic Systems DIGRA"
category = "Industrial control software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Adobe LifeCycle Production Print ES3"
category = "Document management software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Adobe PageMaker"
category = "Desktop publishing software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Corel CorelDraw Graphics Suite"
category = "Graphics or photo imaging software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Electronics for Imaging EFI Monarch"
category = "Enterprise resource planning ERP software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Electronics for Imaging EFI Pace"
category = "Enterprise resource planning ERP software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Email software"
category = "Electronic mail software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Enfocus PitStop Pro"
category = "Desktop publishing software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Graphics software"
category = "Graphics or photo imaging software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Image editing software"
category = "Graphics or photo imaging software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Inventory tracking software"
category = "Inventory management software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Job scheduling software"
category = "Calendar and scheduling software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Job tracking software"
category = "Project management software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Printers Software Inc. Presidio"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Printing management system software"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "QuarkXPress"
category = "Desktop publishing software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Squeegee"
category = "Cloud-based data access and sharing software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Xerox FreeFlow Print Server"
category = "Document management software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Xerox ProfitQuick"
category = "Financial analysis software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[workContext]]
name = "Indoors, Environmentally Controlled"
value = 5

[[workContext]]
name = "Time Pressure"
value = 4.8

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls"
value = 4.72

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate"
value = 4.7

[[workContext]]
name = "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams"
value = 4.6

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Contaminants"
value = 4.45

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Standing"
value = 4.4

[[workContext]]
name = "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team"
value = 4.28

[[workContext]]
name = "Frequency of Decision Making"
value = 4.21

[[workContext]]
name = "Freedom to Make Decisions"
value = 4.14

[[workContext]]
name = "Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment"
value = 4.04

[[workContext]]
name = "Contact With Others"
value = 4.02

[[workContext]]
name = "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals"
value = 4.02

[[workContext]]
name = "Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets"
value = 3.97

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable"
value = 3.95

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Walking or Running"
value = 3.91

[[workContext]]
name = "Health and Safety of Other Workers"
value = 3.86

[[workContext]]
name = "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities"
value = 3.84

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions"
value = 3.82

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Hazardous Equipment"
value = 3.77

[[workContext]]
name = "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results"
value = 3.74

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks"
value = 3.61

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Hazardous Conditions"
value = 3.58

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body"
value = 3.31

[[workContext]]
name = "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers"
value = 3.22

[[workContext]]
name = "Consequence of Error"
value = 3.1

[[workContext]]
name = "Deal With External Customers or the Public in General"
value = 3.05

[[workContext]]
name = "Physical Proximity"
value = 2.98

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings"
value = 2.87

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling"
value = 2.75

[[workContext]]
name = "Level of Competition"
value = 2.67

[[workContext]]
name = "Degree of Automation"
value = 2.61

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions"
value = 2.6

[[workContext]]
name = "Telephone Conversations"
value = 2.56

[[workContext]]
name = "Written Letters and Memos"
value = 2.4

[[workContext]]
name = "Conflict Situations"
value = 2.4

[[workContext]]
name = "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People"
value = 2.35

[[workContext]]
name = "E-Mail"
value = 2.34

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to High Places"
value = 1.96

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures"
value = 1.75

[[personFit]]
name = "Conventional"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 5.43

[[personFit]]
name = "Realistic"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 4.8

[[personFit]]
name = "Physical/Manual Labor"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 3.2

[[personFit]]
name = "Mechanics/Electronics"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 3.18

[[personFit]]
name = "Attention to Detail"
family = "work_style"
value = 2.67

[[personFit]]
name = "Engineering"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 2.4

[[personFit]]
name = "Dependability"
family = "work_style"
value = 2.27

[[personFit]]
name = "Transportation/Machine Operation"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 2.11

[[personFit]]
name = "Cautiousness"
family = "work_style"
value = 1.96

[[personFit]]
name = "Enterprising"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 1.77

[[personFit]]
name = "Artistic"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 1.74

[[personFit]]
name = "Social"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 1.71

[[personFit]]
name = "Information Technology"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.59

[[personFit]]
name = "Applied Arts and Design"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.46

[[personFit]]
name = "Accounting"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.41

[[personFit]]
name = "Visual Arts"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.37

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-9196.00"
slug = "role-51-9196-00"
title = "Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-5111.00"
slug = "role-51-5111-00"
title = "Prepress Technicians and Workers"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-9151.00"
slug = "role-51-9151-00"
title = "Photographic Process Workers and Processing Machine Operators"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-9191.00"
slug = "role-51-9191-00"
title = "Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-5113.00"
slug = "role-51-5113-00"
title = "Print Binding and Finishing Workers"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-4031.00"
slug = "role-51-4031-00"
title = "Cutting, Punching, and Press Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-9032.00"
slug = "role-51-9032-00"
title = "Cutting and Slicing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-4035.00"
slug = "role-51-4035-00"
title = "Milling and Planing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-4023.00"
slug = "role-51-4023-00"
title = "Rolling Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-4081.00"
slug = "role-51-4081-00"
title = "Multiple Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-9194.00"
slug = "role-51-9194-00"
title = "Etchers and Engravers"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-6062.00"
slug = "role-51-6062-00"
title = "Textile Cutting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Advanced Manufacturing"
slug = "advanced-manufacturing"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Arts, Entertainment, & Design"
slug = "arts-entertainment-design"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Communications Technologies/Technicians and Support Services"
slug = "communications-technologies-technicians-and-support-services"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "frey_osborne"
label = "Computerization probability"
score = 0.83
scale = "0-1 probability"
release = "2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "AI occupational exposure"
score = -0.7093881
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_image_generation_aioe"
label = "Image generation occupational exposure"
score = -0.2242107
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_language_modeling_aioe"
label = "Language modeling occupational exposure"
score = -0.84434
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"
