{
  "entityType": "role",
  "schemaVersion": "role.v1",
  "slug": "role-51-4192-00",
  "socCode": "51-4192.00",
  "title": "Layout Workers, Metal and Plastic",
  "summary": "Lay out reference points and dimensions on metal or plastic stock or workpieces, such as sheets, plates, tubes, structural shapes, castings, or machine parts, for further processing. Includes shipfitters.",
  "aliases": [
    "Layout Inspector",
    "Layout Man",
    "Layout Technician (Layout Tech)",
    "Layout Worker",
    "Development Mechanic",
    "Layout Fabricator",
    "Layout Fitter",
    "Layout Mechanic",
    "Aircraft Lay Out Worker",
    "Bellmaker",
    "Dimensional Inspector",
    "Duplicator"
  ],
  "tasks": [
    {
      "text": "Mark curves, lines, holes, dimensions, and welding symbols onto workpieces, using scribes, soapstones, punches, and hand drills.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.ao"
    },
    {
      "text": "Plan locations and sequences of cutting, drilling, bending, rolling, punching, and welding operations, using compasses, protractors, dividers, and rules.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.6.b"
    },
    {
      "text": "Fit and align fabricated parts to be welded or assembled.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.ao"
    },
    {
      "text": "Locate center lines and verify template positions, using measuring instruments such as gauge blocks, height gauges, and dial indicators.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.ao"
    },
    {
      "text": "Plan and develop layouts from blueprints and templates, applying knowledge of trigonometry, design, effects of heat, and properties of metals.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.k"
    },
    {
      "text": "Lay out and fabricate metal structural parts such as plates, bulkheads, and frames.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.aj"
    },
    {
      "text": "Install doors, hatches, brackets, and clips.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.ab"
    },
    {
      "text": "Compute layout dimensions, and determine and mark reference points on metal stock or workpieces for further processing, such as welding and assembly.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.3.a"
    },
    {
      "text": "Brace parts in position within hulls or ships for riveting or welding.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.a"
    },
    {
      "text": "Lift and position workpieces in relation to surface plates, manually or with hoists, and using parallel blocks and angle plates.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.3.h"
    },
    {
      "text": "Inspect machined parts to verify conformance to specifications.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.2.f"
    },
    {
      "text": "Add dimensional details to blueprints or drawings made by other workers.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.o"
    }
  ],
  "emergingTasks": [],
  "activities": [
    {
      "name": "Align parts or workpieces to ensure proper assembly.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.ao"
    },
    {
      "name": "Design templates or patterns.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.k"
    },
    {
      "name": "Assemble metal or plastic parts or products.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.aj"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lay out parts to prepare for assembly.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.ao"
    },
    {
      "name": "Draw guide lines or markings on materials or workpieces using patterns or other references.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.ao"
    },
    {
      "name": "Calculate dimensions of workpieces, products, or equipment.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.3.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lift materials or workpieces using cranes or other lifting equipment.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.3.h"
    },
    {
      "name": "Plan production or operational procedures or sequences.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.6.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inspect metal, plastic, or composite products.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.2.f"
    },
    {
      "name": "Construct patterns, templates, or other work aids.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.aj"
    },
    {
      "name": "Assemble metal structures.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Create diagrams or blueprints for workpieces or products.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.o"
    },
    {
      "name": "Attach decorative or functional accessories to products.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.ab"
    },
    {
      "name": "Apply protective or decorative finishes to workpieces or products.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.ag"
    }
  ],
  "capabilities": [
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 4.07
    },
    {
      "name": "Near Vision",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Design",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.78
    },
    {
      "name": "Visualization",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Arm-Hand Steadiness",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Mechanical",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.51
    },
    {
      "name": "Problem Sensitivity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.5
    },
    {
      "name": "Manual Dexterity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.5
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Production and Processing",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.36
    },
    {
      "name": "Engineering and Technology",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.31
    },
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.31
    },
    {
      "name": "Building and Construction",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.29
    },
    {
      "name": "Administration and Management",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.28
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Finger Dexterity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematical Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Flexibility of Closure",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Perceptual Speed",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Selective Attention",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Computers and Electronics",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.08
    },
    {
      "name": "Education and Training",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.03
    },
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Monitoring",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Complex Problem Solving",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Operations Monitoring",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Quality Control Analysis",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Judgment and Decision Making",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Expression",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Category Flexibility",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Number Facility",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Control Precision",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Multilimb Coordination",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Trunk Strength",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Far Vision",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    }
  ],
  "skills": [
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Visualization",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Finger Dexterity",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Word",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft PowerPoint",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Excel",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Complex Problem Solving",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Listening",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Management",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Recognition",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Social Perceptiveness",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Equipment Selection",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Learning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Depth Perception",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Writing",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Instructing",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Physics",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Analysis",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Learning Strategies",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Equipment Maintenance",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Negotiation",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Psychology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chemistry",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Telecommunications",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Geography",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Installation",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Biology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Foreign Language",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Presentation Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    }
  ],
  "tools": [
    {
      "example": "Autodesk AutoCAD",
      "category": "Computer aided design CAD software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Excel",
      "category": "Spreadsheet software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Office software",
      "category": "Office suite software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft PowerPoint",
      "category": "Presentation software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Word",
      "category": "Word processing software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Hexagon Metrology PC-DMIS",
      "category": "Procedure management software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Inventory tracking software",
      "category": "Inventory management software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Optical Gaging Products Measure-X",
      "category": "Procedure management software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    }
  ],
  "workContext": [
    {
      "name": "Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets",
      "value": 5
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate",
      "value": 4.69
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Contaminants",
      "value": 4.65
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Pressure",
      "value": 4.64
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable",
      "value": 4.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams",
      "value": 4.59
    },
    {
      "name": "Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled",
      "value": 4.45
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls",
      "value": 4.29
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Standing",
      "value": 4.28
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures",
      "value": 4.24
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Hazardous Equipment",
      "value": 4.03
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Walking or Running",
      "value": 3.92
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings",
      "value": 3.85
    },
    {
      "name": "Contact With Others",
      "value": 3.77
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions",
      "value": 3.7
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions",
      "value": 3.68
    },
    {
      "name": "Health and Safety of Other Workers",
      "value": 3.56
    },
    {
      "name": "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results",
      "value": 3.55
    },
    {
      "name": "Freedom to Make Decisions",
      "value": 3.48
    },
    {
      "name": "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team",
      "value": 3.47
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body",
      "value": 3.44
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities",
      "value": 3.39
    },
    {
      "name": "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals",
      "value": 3.33
    },
    {
      "name": "Physical Proximity",
      "value": 3.26
    },
    {
      "name": "Consequence of Error",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Hazardous Conditions",
      "value": 3.19
    },
    {
      "name": "Frequency of Decision Making",
      "value": 3.14
    },
    {
      "name": "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers",
      "value": 3.06
    },
    {
      "name": "Level of Competition",
      "value": 2.98
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions",
      "value": 2.92
    },
    {
      "name": "Conflict Situations",
      "value": 2.91
    },
    {
      "name": "Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection",
      "value": 2.87
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks",
      "value": 2.87
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling",
      "value": 2.79
    },
    {
      "name": "Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment",
      "value": 2.6
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to High Places",
      "value": 2.56
    },
    {
      "name": "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People",
      "value": 2.5
    },
    {
      "name": "Outdoors, Under Cover",
      "value": 2.43
    },
    {
      "name": "E-Mail",
      "value": 2.32
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Letters and Memos",
      "value": 2.3
    }
  ],
  "preparation": {
    "jobZone": "2",
    "jobZoneName": "Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed",
    "education": "Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not.",
    "experience": "Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training.",
    "svpRange": "(Below 6.0)",
    "educationDistribution": [
      {
        "label": "High School Diploma",
        "percentage": 60.01
      },
      {
        "label": "Some College Courses",
        "percentage": 14.54
      },
      {
        "label": "Post-Secondary Certificate",
        "percentage": 11.59
      },
      {
        "label": "Associate's Degree (or other 2-year degree)",
        "percentage": 8.99
      },
      {
        "label": "Less than a High School Diploma",
        "percentage": 4.88
      }
    ]
  },
  "personFit": [
    {
      "name": "Realistic",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 6.48
    },
    {
      "name": "Engineering",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 4.79
    },
    {
      "name": "Physical/Manual Labor",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 4.33
    },
    {
      "name": "Conventional",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 3.89
    },
    {
      "name": "Mechanics/Electronics",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Artistic",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Investigative",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 2.83
    },
    {
      "name": "Attention to Detail",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 2.67
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics/Statistics",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 2.64
    },
    {
      "name": "Dependability",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 2.16
    },
    {
      "name": "Construction/Woodwork",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 2.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Cautiousness",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 1.96
    },
    {
      "name": "Physical Science",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.63
    },
    {
      "name": "Transportation/Machine Operation",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.43
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Technology",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Visual Arts",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.35
    }
  ],
  "relatedRoles": [
    {
      "socCode": "51-2041.00",
      "slug": "role-51-2041-00",
      "title": "Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-2011.00",
      "slug": "role-51-2011-00",
      "title": "Aircraft Structure, Surfaces, Rigging, and Systems Assemblers",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-4062.00",
      "slug": "role-51-4062-00",
      "title": "Patternmakers, Metal and Plastic",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-4061.00",
      "slug": "role-51-4061-00",
      "title": "Model Makers, Metal and Plastic",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "47-2211.00",
      "slug": "role-47-2211-00",
      "title": "Sheet Metal Workers",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-4111.00",
      "slug": "role-51-4111-00",
      "title": "Tool and Die Makers",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-7032.00",
      "slug": "role-51-7032-00",
      "title": "Patternmakers, Wood",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-2031.00",
      "slug": "role-51-2031-00",
      "title": "Engine and Other Machine Assemblers",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "47-2221.00",
      "slug": "role-47-2221-00",
      "title": "Structural Iron and Steel Workers",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-9195.00",
      "slug": "role-51-9195-00",
      "title": "Molders, Shapers, and Casters, Except Metal and Plastic",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-7031.00",
      "slug": "role-51-7031-00",
      "title": "Model Makers, Wood",
      "tier": "Supplemental"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "47-2031.00",
      "slug": "role-47-2031-00",
      "title": "Carpenters",
      "tier": "Supplemental"
    }
  ],
  "careerClusters": [
    {
      "cluster": "Advanced Manufacturing",
      "slug": "advanced-manufacturing"
    }
  ],
  "educationLevel": {
    "category": "High school diploma or equivalent",
    "slug": "high-school-diploma-or-equivalent"
  },
  "studyPrograms": [
    {
      "title": "Precision Production",
      "slug": "precision-production"
    }
  ],
  "market": {
    "medianWage": 61870,
    "meanWage": 65770,
    "pct10Wage": 40430,
    "pct25Wage": 51810,
    "pct75Wage": 76980,
    "pct90Wage": 93230,
    "employment": 5610,
    "areaTitle": "U.S."
  },
  "industries": {
    "top": [
      {
        "naics": "31-33",
        "slug": "31-33",
        "title": "Manufacturing",
        "level": "Sector",
        "employment": 3870,
        "medianWage": 61870,
        "lq": 8.33
      },
      {
        "naics": "23",
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      "source": "frey_osborne",
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        "note": "How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss."
      },
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        "note": "Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank."
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      "source": "frey",
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      "note": "A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking."
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        "source": "dingel_neiman",
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        "source": "felten_aioe",
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        "source": "frey_osborne",
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        "source": "microsoft_working_with_ai",
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        "source": "openai_gpts_are_gpts",
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    "generatedAt": "2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00",
    "contentHash": "d34d17a6e5e48059"
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}