{
  "entityType": "role",
  "schemaVersion": "role.v1",
  "slug": "role-51-4052-00",
  "socCode": "51-4052.00",
  "title": "Pourers and Casters, Metal",
  "summary": "Operate hand-controlled mechanisms to pour and regulate the flow of molten metal into molds to produce castings or ingots.",
  "aliases": [
    "Caster",
    "Melter",
    "Metal Handler",
    "Pourer",
    "Casting Machine Operator",
    "Casting Operator",
    "DC Caster (Direct Chill Caster)",
    "Die Cast Machine Operator",
    "Die Casting Machine Operator",
    "Iron Pourer",
    "Aluminum Pourer",
    "Billet Header"
  ],
  "tasks": [
    {
      "text": "Pour and regulate the flow of molten metal into molds and forms to produce ingots or other castings, using ladles or hand-controlled mechanisms.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.1.f"
    },
    {
      "text": "Read temperature gauges and observe color changes, adjusting furnace flames, torches, or electrical heating units as necessary to melt metal to specifications.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.2.a"
    },
    {
      "text": "Remove solidified steel or slag from pouring nozzles, using long bars or oxygen burners.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.1.c"
    },
    {
      "text": "Assemble and embed cores in casting frames, using hand tools and equipment.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.d"
    },
    {
      "text": "Examine molds to ensure they are clean, smooth, and properly coated.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.2.g"
    },
    {
      "text": "Collect samples, or signal workers to sample metal for analysis.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.b"
    },
    {
      "text": "Turn valves to circulate water through cores, or spray water on filled molds to cool and solidify metal.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.i"
    },
    {
      "text": "Load specified amounts of metal and flux into furnaces or clay crucibles.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.1.f"
    },
    {
      "text": "Pull levers to lift ladle stoppers and to allow molten steel to flow into ingot molds to specified heights.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.i"
    },
    {
      "text": "Position equipment such as ladles, grinding wheels, pouring nozzles, or crucibles, or signal other workers to position equipment.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.f"
    },
    {
      "text": "Skim slag or remove excess metal from ingots or equipment, using hand tools, strainers, rakes, or burners, collecting scrap for recycling.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.l"
    },
    {
      "text": "Remove metal ingots or cores from molds, using hand tools, cranes, and chain hoists.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.an"
    }
  ],
  "emergingTasks": [],
  "activities": [
    {
      "name": "Collect samples of materials or products for testing.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Signal others to coordinate work activities.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.1.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Place materials into molds.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.1.f"
    },
    {
      "name": "Adjust equipment controls to regulate flow of production materials or products.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.i"
    },
    {
      "name": "Monitor instruments to ensure proper production conditions.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.2.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Adjust temperature controls of ovens or other heating equipment.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.i"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inspect production equipment.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.2.g"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mount attachments or tools onto production equipment.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.f"
    },
    {
      "name": "Trim excess material from workpieces.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.l"
    },
    {
      "name": "Skim impurities from molten metal.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.m"
    },
    {
      "name": "Adjust equipment controls to regulate coolant flow.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.i"
    },
    {
      "name": "Apply parting agents or other solutions to molds.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.an"
    },
    {
      "name": "Load materials into production equipment.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.1.f"
    },
    {
      "name": "Clean production equipment.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.1.c"
    },
    {
      "name": "Assemble mechanical components or machine parts.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.d"
    },
    {
      "name": "Remove workpieces from molds.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.an"
    },
    {
      "name": "Move products, materials, or equipment between work areas.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.1.j"
    },
    {
      "name": "Operate forklifts or other loaders.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.3.h"
    },
    {
      "name": "Engrave designs, text, or other markings onto materials, workpieces, or products.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.y"
    },
    {
      "name": "Repair templates, patterns, or molds.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.4.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Maintain production or processing equipment.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.5.a"
    }
  ],
  "capabilities": [
    {
      "name": "Arm-Hand Steadiness",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Manual Dexterity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.5
    },
    {
      "name": "Control Precision",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.5
    },
    {
      "name": "Operations Monitoring",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Operation and Control",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Perceptual Speed",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Multilimb Coordination",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Reaction Time",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Near Vision",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.11
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Listening",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Monitoring",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Judgment and Decision Making",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Problem Sensitivity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Category Flexibility",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Selective Attention",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Finger Dexterity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Trunk Strength",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordination",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Quality Control Analysis",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Management",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Flexibility of Closure",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Static Strength",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Far Vision",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Visual Color Discrimination",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Recognition",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 2.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Speaking",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 2.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Equipment Maintenance",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Production and Processing",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 2.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Expression",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Visualization",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Rate Control",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Extent Flexibility",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.75
    }
  ],
  "skills": [
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Word",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft PowerPoint",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Outlook",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Excel",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Finger Dexterity",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Listening",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Management",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Recognition",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Visualization",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Equipment Maintenance",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Depth Perception",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Social Perceptiveness",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Complex Problem Solving",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Learning Strategies",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Learning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Writing",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Analysis",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Negotiation",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Instructing",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Equipment Selection",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chemistry",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Physics",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Foreign Language",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Telecommunications",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Psychology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Geography",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Biology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Presentation Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Installation",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Industrial Control Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    }
  ],
  "tools": [
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Excel",
      "category": "Spreadsheet software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Outlook",
      "category": "Electronic mail software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft PowerPoint",
      "category": "Presentation software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Word",
      "category": "Word processing software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Husky Injection Molding Systems Shotscope NX",
      "category": "Industrial control software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    }
  ],
  "workContext": [
    {
      "name": "Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets",
      "value": 5
    },
    {
      "name": "Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled",
      "value": 4.96
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Standing",
      "value": 4.56
    },
    {
      "name": "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams",
      "value": 4.41
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings",
      "value": 4.23
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures",
      "value": 3.93
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Contaminants",
      "value": 3.86
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls",
      "value": 3.78
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate",
      "value": 3.51
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Pressure",
      "value": 3.48
    },
    {
      "name": "Contact With Others",
      "value": 3.44
    },
    {
      "name": "Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment",
      "value": 3.32
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable",
      "value": 3.3
    },
    {
      "name": "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team",
      "value": 3.24
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Walking or Running",
      "value": 3.23
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body",
      "value": 3.21
    },
    {
      "name": "Freedom to Make Decisions",
      "value": 3.21
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Hazardous Equipment",
      "value": 3.15
    },
    {
      "name": "Consequence of Error",
      "value": 3.07
    },
    {
      "name": "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals",
      "value": 3.03
    },
    {
      "name": "Physical Proximity",
      "value": 2.98
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Hazardous Conditions",
      "value": 2.81
    },
    {
      "name": "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers",
      "value": 2.76
    },
    {
      "name": "Health and Safety of Other Workers",
      "value": 2.71
    },
    {
      "name": "Frequency of Decision Making",
      "value": 2.67
    },
    {
      "name": "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results",
      "value": 2.48
    },
    {
      "name": "Degree of Automation",
      "value": 2.48
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities",
      "value": 2.43
    },
    {
      "name": "Level of Competition",
      "value": 2.29
    },
    {
      "name": "Conflict Situations",
      "value": 2.22
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks",
      "value": 2.1
    },
    {
      "name": "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People",
      "value": 2.09
    },
    {
      "name": "Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection",
      "value": 2
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling",
      "value": 1.94
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance",
      "value": 1.93
    },
    {
      "name": "Telephone Conversations",
      "value": 1.86
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions",
      "value": 1.84
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to High Places",
      "value": 1.83
    },
    {
      "name": "E-Mail",
      "value": 1.73
    }
  ],
  "preparation": {
    "jobZone": "2",
    "jobZoneName": "Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed",
    "education": "Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not.",
    "experience": "Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training.",
    "svpRange": "(Below 6.0)",
    "educationDistribution": [
      {
        "label": "High School Diploma",
        "percentage": 79.96
      },
      {
        "label": "Less than a High School Diploma",
        "percentage": 20.04
      }
    ]
  },
  "personFit": [
    {
      "name": "Realistic",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 7
    },
    {
      "name": "Physical/Manual Labor",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 5.97
    },
    {
      "name": "Conventional",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 3.76
    },
    {
      "name": "Transportation/Machine Operation",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 2.46
    },
    {
      "name": "Investigative",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 2.45
    },
    {
      "name": "Cautiousness",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 2.43
    },
    {
      "name": "Dependability",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 2.3
    },
    {
      "name": "Mechanics/Electronics",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.87
    },
    {
      "name": "Attention to Detail",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 1.86
    },
    {
      "name": "Engineering",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Physical Science",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.51
    },
    {
      "name": "Stress Tolerance",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 1.46
    },
    {
      "name": "Self-Control",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 1.4
    },
    {
      "name": "Construction/Woodwork",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.19
    },
    {
      "name": "Accounting",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.17
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics/Statistics",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.15
    }
  ],
  "relatedRoles": [
    {
      "socCode": "51-9195.00",
      "slug": "role-51-9195-00",
      "title": "Molders, Shapers, and Casters, Except Metal and Plastic",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-4023.00",
      "slug": "role-51-4023-00",
      "title": "Rolling Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-4022.00",
      "slug": "role-51-4022-00",
      "title": "Forging Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-9022.00",
      "slug": "role-51-9022-00",
      "title": "Grinding and Polishing Workers, Hand",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-4072.00",
      "slug": "role-51-4072-00",
      "title": "Molding, Coremaking, and Casting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-4051.00",
      "slug": "role-51-4051-00",
      "title": "Metal-Refining Furnace Operators and Tenders",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-4193.00",
      "slug": "role-51-4193-00",
      "title": "Plating Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-4191.00",
      "slug": "role-51-4191-00",
      "title": "Heat Treating Equipment Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "53-7063.00",
      "slug": "role-53-7063-00",
      "title": "Machine Feeders and Offbearers",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-4071.00",
      "slug": "role-51-4071-00",
      "title": "Foundry Mold and Coremakers",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "51-4194.00",
      "slug": "role-51-4194-00",
      "title": "Tool Grinders, Filers, and Sharpeners",
      "tier": "Supplemental"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "49-9045.00",
      "slug": "role-49-9045-00",
      "title": "Refractory Materials Repairers, Except Brickmasons",
      "tier": "Supplemental"
    }
  ],
  "careerClusters": [
    {
      "cluster": "Advanced Manufacturing",
      "slug": "advanced-manufacturing"
    }
  ],
  "educationLevel": {
    "category": "High school diploma or equivalent",
    "slug": "high-school-diploma-or-equivalent"
  },
  "studyPrograms": [],
  "market": {
    "medianWage": 48940,
    "meanWage": 51320,
    "pct10Wage": 37250,
    "pct25Wage": 41410,
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        "naics": "44-45",
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      "source": "frey_osborne",
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    {
      "source": "felten_aioe",
      "label": "AI occupational exposure",
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      "scale": "relative exposure score",
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    {
      "source": "felten_image_generation_aioe",
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      "scale": "relative exposure score",
      "release": "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"
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    {
      "source": "felten_language_modeling_aioe",
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      "scale": "relative exposure score",
      "release": "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"
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      "components": [
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          "source": "felten_aioe"
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        {
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          "source": "openai_gpts_are_gpts"
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        {
          "percentile": 16,
          "source": "microsoft_working_with_ai"
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        "source": "felten_aioe",
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        "band": "Low",
        "note": "How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss."
      },
      {
        "source": "eloundou_gamma",
        "label": "LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou)",
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        "percentile": 3,
        "band": "Low",
        "note": "Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank."
      },
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        "source": "microsoft_applicability",
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        "note": "How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement."
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      "source": "frey",
      "label": "Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)",
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      "band": "High",
      "note": "A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking."
    },
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    "sources": [
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        "version": "2024-2034"
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      {
        "source": "dingel_neiman",
        "version": "dingel-neiman-workathome"
      },
      {
        "source": "felten_aioe",
        "version": "felten-raj-seamans-aioe"
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      {
        "source": "frey_osborne",
        "version": "frey-osborne-automation"
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      {
        "source": "microsoft_working_with_ai",
        "version": "working-with-ai"
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      {
        "source": "openai_gpts_are_gpts",
        "version": "gpts-are-gpts"
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    "capabilities": 120,
    "tools": 5,
    "relatedRoles": 20
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    "dataset": "gold.onet_role_starter_surface",
    "version": "30.3",
    "generatedAt": "2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00",
    "contentHash": "cc946f61d27818f4"
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}