entityType = "role"
schemaVersion = "role.v1"
slug = "role-47-5081-00"
socCode = "47-5081.00"
title = "Helpers--Extraction Workers"
summary = "Help extraction craft workers, such as earth drillers, blasters and explosives workers, derrick operators, and mining machine operators, by performing duties requiring less skill. Duties include supplying equipment or cleaning work area."
aliases = ["Driller Helper", "Driller's Assistant", "Miner Helper", "Powderman", "Continuous Miner Operator Helper", "Longwall Machine Operator Helper", "Salt Miner", "Blaster Helper", "Blasting Helper", "Boring Machine Operator Helper", "Bottom Hole Pressure Recording Operator Helper", "Churn Driller Helper"]
emergingTasks = []
studyPrograms = []

[preparation]
jobZone = "2"
jobZoneName = "Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed"
education = "Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not."
experience = "Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training."
svpRange = "(Below 6.0)"

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "High School Diploma"
percentage = 96.59

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Post-Secondary Certificate"
percentage = 1.71

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Associate's Degree (or other 2-year degree)"
percentage = 1.71

[educationLevel]
category = "High school diploma or equivalent"
slug = "high-school-diploma-or-equivalent"

[market]
medianWage = 48400
meanWage = 50330
pct10Wage = 35770
pct25Wage = 39980
pct75Wage = 57560
pct90Wage = 68240
employment = 6720
areaTitle = "U.S."

[industries]
count = 7

[[industries.top]]
naics = "21"
slug = "21"
title = "Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction"
level = "Sector"
employment = 4050
medianWage = 50050
lq = 162.04

[[industries.top]]
naics = "23"
slug = "23"
title = "Construction"
level = "Sector"
employment = 2170
medianWage = 47020
lq = 6.13

[[industries.top]]
naics = "541330"
slug = "541330"
title = "Engineering Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 180
medianWage = 43270
lq = 3.57

[[industries.top]]
naics = "56"
slug = "56"
title = "Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 120
medianWage = 42870
lq = 0.3

[[industries.top]]
naics = "541380"
slug = "541380"
title = "Testing Laboratories and Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 70
medianWage = 39260

[[industries.top]]
naics = "42"
slug = "42"
title = "Wholesale Trade"
level = "Sector"
medianWage = 39540

[[industries.top]]
naics = "54"
slug = "54"
title = "Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services"
level = "Sector"
medianWage = 42920

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "21"
slug = "21"
title = "Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction"
level = "Sector"
employment = 4050
lq = 162.04

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "23"
slug = "23"
title = "Construction"
level = "Sector"
employment = 2170
lq = 6.13

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "541330"
slug = "541330"
title = "Engineering Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 180
lq = 3.57

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "56"
slug = "56"
title = "Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 120
lq = 0.3

[aiOutlook]
teleworkable = false
usageTasks = []

[aiOutlook.index]
value = 4
percentile = 1
band = "Low"
version = "ai-exposure-index-v1"
componentCount = 3

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 5
source = "felten_aioe"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 3
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 4
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"

[aiOutlook.freyHistorical]
source = "frey"
label = "Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)"
value = 0.37
percentile = 42
band = "Moderate"
note = "A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking."

[aiOutlook.eloundou]
alpha = 0
beta = 0
gamma = 0

[aiOutlook.bls]
growthPercent = -1.7
growthPercentile = 20
direction = "Declining"
annualOpeningsThousands = 0.7
annualOpeningsPercentile = 11
employment2024Thousands = 7
employment2034Thousands = 6.9

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.)"
value = -1.543154
percentile = 5
band = "Low"
note = "How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "eloundou_gamma"
label = "LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou)"
value = 0
percentile = 3
band = "Low"
note = "Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "microsoft_applicability"
label = "AI assistant applicability (Microsoft)"
value = 0.028073713239585626
percentile = 4
band = "Low"
note = "How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement."

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "bls_employment_projections"
version = "2024-2034"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "dingel_neiman"
version = "dingel-neiman-workathome"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "felten_aioe"
version = "felten-raj-seamans-aioe"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "frey_osborne"
version = "frey-osborne-automation"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"
version = "working-with-ai"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"
version = "gpts-are-gpts"

[counts]
tasks = 14
skills = 35
capabilities = 120
tools = 5
relatedRoles = 20

[source]
dataset = "gold.onet_role_starter_surface"
version = "30.3"
generatedAt = "2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00"
contentHash = "134860c4678ffbb1"

[[tasks]]
text = "Provide assistance to extraction craft workers, such as earth drillers and derrick operators."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.g"

[[tasks]]
text = "Observe and monitor equipment operation during the extraction process to detect any problems."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.a.2.b"

[[tasks]]
text = "Drive moving equipment to transport materials and parts to excavation sites."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.4.a"

[[tasks]]
text = "Unload materials, devices, and machine parts, using hand tools."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.f"

[[tasks]]
text = "Set up and adjust equipment used to excavate geological materials."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.3.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Organize materials to prepare for use."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.b.1.j"

[[tasks]]
text = "Repair and maintain automotive and drilling equipment, using hand tools."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.b.5.a"

[[tasks]]
text = "Collect and examine geological matter, using hand tools and testing devices."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.al"

[[tasks]]
text = "Signal workers to start geological material extraction or boring."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.4.b.1.b"

[[tasks]]
text = "Clean up work areas and remove debris after extraction activities are complete."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Dismantle extracting and boring equipment used for excavation, using hand tools."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.s"

[[tasks]]
text = "Clean and prepare sites for excavation or boring."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Maintain drilling equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.5.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Monitor extraction operations."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.2.b"

[[activities]]
name = "Drive trucks or truck-mounted equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.4.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Clean work sites."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Select construction materials."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.1.j"

[[activities]]
name = "Assist skilled construction or extraction personnel."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.g"

[[activities]]
name = "Dismantle equipment or temporary structures."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.s"

[[activities]]
name = "Load or unload materials used in construction or extraction."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Load materials into construction equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Signal equipment operators to indicate proper equipment positioning."
iwa = "4.A.4.b.1.b"

[[activities]]
name = "Prepare excavation or extraction sites for commissioning or decommissioning."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.m"

[[activities]]
name = "Operate mining equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.3.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Collect geological samples."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.al"

[[activities]]
name = "Dig holes or trenches."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.g"

[[capabilities]]
name = "Mechanical"
family = "knowledge"
value = 4.04

[[capabilities]]
name = "Manual Dexterity"
family = "ability"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Arm-Hand Steadiness"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Monitoring"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Control Precision"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Multilimb Coordination"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Reaction Time"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Operations Monitoring"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Problem Sensitivity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Static Strength"
family = "ability"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Near Vision"
family = "ability"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Far Vision"
family = "ability"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "English Language"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.53

[[capabilities]]
name = "Operation and Control"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Equipment Maintenance"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Trunk Strength"
family = "ability"
value = 3.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Troubleshooting"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Repairing"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Finger Dexterity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Rate Control"
family = "ability"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Depth Perception"
family = "ability"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Transportation"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.34

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Information Ordering"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Selective Attention"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Coordination"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Equipment Selection"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Quality Control Analysis"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Perceptual Speed"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Visualization"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Response Orientation"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Stamina"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Extent Flexibility"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Hearing Sensitivity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Auditory Attention"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Mathematics"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.03

[[capabilities]]
name = "Active Listening"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Judgment and Decision Making"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3

[[skills]]
name = "English Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Equipment Maintenance"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Finger Dexterity"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Depth Perception"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Information Ordering"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Visualization"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Equipment Selection"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Mathematics"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Word"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Outlook"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Excel"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Google Docs"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Listening"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Learning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Time Management"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Learning Strategies"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Physics"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Writing"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Instructing"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Chemistry"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Systems Analysis"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Negotiation"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Telecommunications"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Geography"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Biology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Psychology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Foreign Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Installation"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[tools]]
example = "Google Docs"
category = "Word processing software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Excel"
category = "Spreadsheet software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Office software"
category = "Office suite software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Outlook"
category = "Electronic mail software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Word"
category = "Word processing software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[workContext]]
name = "Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets"
value = 5

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Hazardous Equipment"
value = 4.89

[[workContext]]
name = "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams"
value = 4.82

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable"
value = 4.76

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Contaminants"
value = 4.68

[[workContext]]
name = "Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions"
value = 4.67

[[workContext]]
name = "Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled"
value = 4.58

[[workContext]]
name = "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team"
value = 4.46

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls"
value = 4.44

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures"
value = 4.36

[[workContext]]
name = "Contact With Others"
value = 4.3

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Hazardous Conditions"
value = 4.29

[[workContext]]
name = "In an Open Vehicle or Operating Equipment"
value = 4.23

[[workContext]]
name = "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities"
value = 4.22

[[workContext]]
name = "Physical Proximity"
value = 4.2

[[workContext]]
name = "Frequency of Decision Making"
value = 4.13

[[workContext]]
name = "Freedom to Make Decisions"
value = 4.12

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions"
value = 4.08

[[workContext]]
name = "Health and Safety of Other Workers"
value = 4.06

[[workContext]]
name = "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results"
value = 4.05

[[workContext]]
name = "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals"
value = 4.03

[[workContext]]
name = "In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment"
value = 4

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate"
value = 3.94

[[workContext]]
name = "Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment"
value = 3.91

[[workContext]]
name = "Telephone Conversations"
value = 3.86

[[workContext]]
name = "Consequence of Error"
value = 3.84

[[workContext]]
name = "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers"
value = 3.83

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body"
value = 3.8

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Standing"
value = 3.65

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions"
value = 3.54

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings"
value = 3.54

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Walking or Running"
value = 3.47

[[workContext]]
name = "Time Pressure"
value = 3.47

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to High Places"
value = 3.45

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions"
value = 3.38

[[workContext]]
name = "Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection"
value = 3.31

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Whole Body Vibration"
value = 3.28

[[workContext]]
name = "Level of Competition"
value = 3.23

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks"
value = 3.13

[[workContext]]
name = "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People"
value = 3.06

[[personFit]]
name = "Realistic"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 7

[[personFit]]
name = "Physical/Manual Labor"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 6.84

[[personFit]]
name = "Transportation/Machine Operation"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 4.5

[[personFit]]
name = "Conventional"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 3.69

[[personFit]]
name = "Mechanics/Electronics"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 3.25

[[personFit]]
name = "Engineering"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 2.43

[[personFit]]
name = "Dependability"
family = "work_style"
value = 2.19

[[personFit]]
name = "Investigative"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 2.14

[[personFit]]
name = "Social"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 1.79

[[personFit]]
name = "Cautiousness"
family = "work_style"
value = 1.79

[[personFit]]
name = "Attention to Detail"
family = "work_style"
value = 1.71

[[personFit]]
name = "Enterprising"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 1.58

[[personFit]]
name = "Nature/Outdoors"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.54

[[personFit]]
name = "Stress Tolerance"
family = "work_style"
value = 1.4

[[personFit]]
name = "Mathematics/Statistics"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.39

[[personFit]]
name = "Construction/Woodwork"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.31

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "49-9098.00"
slug = "role-49-9098-00"
title = "Helpers--Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-9198.00"
slug = "role-51-9198-00"
title = "Helpers--Production Workers"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "47-5012.00"
slug = "role-47-5012-00"
title = "Rotary Drill Operators, Oil and Gas"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "47-5023.00"
slug = "role-47-5023-00"
title = "Earth Drillers, Except Oil and Gas"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "47-3012.00"
slug = "role-47-3012-00"
title = "Helpers--Carpenters"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "47-3015.00"
slug = "role-47-3015-00"
title = "Helpers--Pipelayers, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "47-5041.00"
slug = "role-47-5041-00"
title = "Continuous Mining Machine Operators"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "47-5022.00"
slug = "role-47-5022-00"
title = "Excavating and Loading Machine and Dragline Operators, Surface Mining"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "47-3014.00"
slug = "role-47-3014-00"
title = "Helpers--Painters, Paperhangers, Plasterers, and Stucco Masons"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "47-3011.00"
slug = "role-47-3011-00"
title = "Helpers--Brickmasons, Blockmasons, Stonemasons, and Tile and Marble Setters"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "47-5071.00"
slug = "role-47-5071-00"
title = "Roustabouts, Oil and Gas"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "47-2073.00"
slug = "role-47-2073-00"
title = "Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Energy & Natural Resources"
slug = "energy-natural-resources"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "frey_osborne"
label = "Computerization probability"
score = 0.37
scale = "0-1 probability"
release = "2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "AI occupational exposure"
score = -1.543154
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_image_generation_aioe"
label = "Image generation occupational exposure"
score = -1.176056
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_language_modeling_aioe"
label = "Language modeling occupational exposure"
score = -1.572339
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"
