# Roofers

> Cover roofs of structures with shingles, slate, asphalt, aluminum, wood, or related materials. May spray roofs, sidings, and walls with material to bind, seal, insulate, or soundproof sections of structures.
- **Entity Type:** role
- **Schema Version:** role.v1
- **Soc Code:** 47-2181.00
- **Summary:** Cover roofs of structures with shingles, slate, asphalt, aluminum, wood, or related materials. May spray roofs, sidings, and walls with material to bind, seal, insulate, or soundproof sections of structures.

## Aliases

- Roof Mechanic
- Roof Service Technician
- Roofer
- Roofing Technician
- Commercial Roofer
- Industrial Roofer
- Metal Roofing Mechanic
- Residential Roofer
- Sheet Metal Roofer
- Aluminum Shingle Roofer
- Asbestos Shingle Roofer
- Commercial Roofing Tech (Commercial Roofing Technician)

## Tasks

| Text | Type | Iwa |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Inspect problem roofs to determine the best repair procedures. | Core | 4.A.1.b.2.e |
| Remove snow, water, or debris from roofs prior to applying roofing materials. | Core | 4.A.3.a.1.e |
| Set up scaffolding to provide safe access to roofs. | Core | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Estimate materials and labor required to complete roofing jobs. | Core | 4.A.2.b.1.h |
| Cement or nail flashing strips of metal or shingle over joints to make them watertight. | Core | 4.A.3.a.1.g |
| Install partially overlapping layers of material over roof insulation surfaces, using chalk lines, gauges on shingling hatchets, or lines on shingles. | Core | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Cut felt, shingles, or strips of flashing to fit angles formed by walls, vents, or intersecting roof surfaces. | Core | 4.A.3.a.2.l |
| Apply plastic coatings, membranes, fiberglass, or felt over sloped roofs before applying shingles. | Core | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Install, repair, or replace single-ply roofing systems, using waterproof sheet materials such as modified plastics, elastomeric, or other asphaltic compositions. | Core | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Cover roofs or exterior walls of structures with slate, asphalt, aluminum, wood, gravel, gypsum, or related materials, using brushes, knives, punches, hammers, or other tools. | Core | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Waterproof or damp-proof walls, floors, roofs, foundations, or basements by painting or spraying surfaces with waterproof coatings or by attaching waterproofing membranes to surfaces. | Core | 4.A.3.a.2.ag |
| Attach roofing paper to roofs in overlapping strips to form bases for other materials. | Core | 4.A.3.a.2.a |

## Emerging Tasks


## Activities

| Name | Iwa |
| --- | --- |
| Inspect work sites to determine condition or necessary repairs. | 4.A.1.b.2.e |
| Assemble temporary equipment or structures. | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Apply adhesives to construction materials. | 4.A.3.a.1.g |
| Install roofing materials. | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Cut carpet, vinyl or other flexible materials. | 4.A.3.a.2.l |
| Install insulation in equipment or structures. | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Apply sealants or other protective coatings. | 4.A.3.a.2.ag |
| Remove debris or vegetation from work sites. | 4.A.3.a.1.e |
| Pour materials into or on designated areas. | 4.A.3.a.1.g |
| Smooth surfaces with abrasive materials or tools. | 4.A.3.a.2.o |
| Spread sand, dirt or other loose materials onto surfaces. | 4.A.3.a.1.g |
| Drill holes in construction materials. | 4.A.3.a.2.ad |
| Install green structural components, equipment or systems. | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Apply paint to surfaces. | 4.A.3.a.2.ag |
| Install solar energy systems. | 4.A.3.a.2.p |
| Install doors or windows. | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Estimate materials requirements for projects. | 4.A.2.b.1.h |
| Estimate construction project labor requirements. | 4.A.2.b.1.h |

## Capabilities

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Building and Construction | knowledge | 4.58 |
| Gross Body Equilibrium | ability | 4 |
| Problem Sensitivity | ability | 3.75 |
| Trunk Strength | ability | 3.75 |
| Extent Flexibility | ability | 3.75 |
| Coordination | transferable_skill | 3.62 |
| Near Vision | ability | 3.62 |
| Customer and Personal Service | knowledge | 3.52 |
| Arm-Hand Steadiness | ability | 3.5 |
| Manual Dexterity | ability | 3.5 |
| Multilimb Coordination | ability | 3.5 |
| Oral Comprehension | ability | 3.38 |
| Gross Body Coordination | ability | 3.38 |
| English Language | knowledge | 3.37 |
| Public Safety and Security | knowledge | 3.32 |
| Stamina | ability | 3.25 |
| Education and Training | knowledge | 3.22 |
| Mathematics | knowledge | 3.21 |
| Design | knowledge | 3.19 |
| Active Listening | essential_skill | 3.12 |
| Critical Thinking | essential_skill | 3.12 |
| Finger Dexterity | ability | 3.12 |
| Control Precision | ability | 3.12 |
| Static Strength | ability | 3.12 |
| Far Vision | ability | 3.12 |
| Mechanical | knowledge | 3.08 |
| Administration and Management | knowledge | 3.01 |
| Speaking | essential_skill | 3 |
| Monitoring | essential_skill | 3 |
| Operations Monitoring | transferable_skill | 3 |
| Operation and Control | transferable_skill | 3 |
| Time Management | transferable_skill | 3 |
| Oral Expression | ability | 3 |
| Deductive Reasoning | ability | 3 |
| Inductive Reasoning | ability | 3 |
| Information Ordering | ability | 3 |
| Visualization | ability | 3 |
| Selective Attention | ability | 3 |
| Speech Recognition | ability | 3 |
| Complex Problem Solving | transferable_skill | 2.88 |

## Skills

| Name | Type |
| --- | --- |
| English Language | Common Skill |
| Mathematics | Common Skill |
| Finger Dexterity | Common Skill |
| Critical Thinking | Common Skill |
| Active Listening | Common Skill |
| Visualization | Specialized Skill |
| Time Management | Common Skill |
| Speech Recognition | Specialized Skill |
| Microsoft Word | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Windows | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Excel | Common Skill |
| Information Ordering | Specialized Skill |
| Inductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Deductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Depth Perception | Common Skill |
| Complex Problem Solving | Common Skill |
| Social Perceptiveness | Common Skill |
| Reading Comprehension | Common Skill |
| Active Learning | Common Skill |
| Instructing | Specialized Skill |
| Foreign Language | Common Skill |
| Chemistry | Specialized Skill |
| Physics | Specialized Skill |
| Learning Strategies | Specialized Skill |
| Writing | Common Skill |
| Systems Analysis | Specialized Skill |
| Negotiation | Common Skill |
| Equipment Selection | Specialized Skill |
| Equipment Maintenance | Specialized Skill |
| Psychology | Specialized Skill |
| Installation | Specialized Skill |
| Telecommunications | Specialized Skill |
| Geography | Specialized Skill |
| Biology | Specialized Skill |
| Project Management Software | Specialized Skill |

## Tools

| Example | Category | Hot | In Demand |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Microsoft Excel | Spreadsheet software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Office software | Office suite software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Windows | Operating system software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Word | Word processing software | yes | no |
| AppliCad Roof Wizard | Computer aided design CAD software | no | no |
| ASR Software LWC-Plus | Computer aided design CAD software | no | no |
| ASR Software Taper-Plus | Computer aided design CAD software | no | no |
| ASR Software TopView LE | Computer aided design CAD software | no | no |
| ASR Software TopView ME | Computer aided design CAD software | no | no |
| CADAFIS | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| DigiTools Roof CAD | Computer aided design CAD software | no | no |
| Energy cost evaluation software | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| Exele TopView | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| Humidity and vapor drive calculation software | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| Insight Direct ServiceCEO | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| Maintenance record software | Project management software | no | no |
| Roof Pro Estimate Software Roof Pro | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| Roofing Calculator | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| RoofLogic | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| Wintac Pro | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| Ziatek RoofDraw | Computer aided design CAD software | no | no |

## Work Context

| Name | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions | 4.98 |
| Exposed to High Places | 4.9 |
| Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams | 4.64 |
| Telephone Conversations | 4.57 |
| Contact With Others | 4.5 |
| Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets | 4.46 |
| Exposed to Contaminants | 4.31 |
| Importance of Being Exact or Accurate | 4.28 |
| Health and Safety of Other Workers | 4.23 |
| Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures | 4.19 |
| Time Pressure | 4.18 |
| Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team | 4.16 |
| Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable | 4.11 |
| Physical Proximity | 4.09 |
| Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls | 4.09 |
| Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals | 3.96 |
| Level of Competition | 3.95 |
| Frequency of Decision Making | 3.88 |
| Spend Time Standing | 3.87 |
| Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled | 3.83 |
| Exposed to Hazardous Conditions | 3.82 |
| Exposed to Hazardous Equipment | 3.81 |
| Freedom to Make Decisions | 3.79 |
| Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities | 3.78 |
| Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body | 3.76 |
| Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers | 3.72 |
| Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings | 3.71 |
| Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results | 3.7 |
| Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions | 3.67 |
| Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling | 3.65 |
| Spend Time Walking or Running | 3.51 |
| Deal With External Customers or the Public in General | 3.37 |
| Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions | 3.37 |
| Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles | 3.3 |
| Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection | 3.24 |
| Consequence of Error | 3.11 |
| Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions | 3.05 |
| Conflict Situations | 2.97 |
| In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment | 2.97 |
| Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People | 2.92 |

## Preparation

- **Job Zone:** 2
- **Job Zone Name:** Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed
- **Education:** Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not.
- **Experience:** Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training.
- **Svp Range:** (Below 6.0)

### Education Distribution

| Label | Percentage |
| --- | --- |
| High School Diploma | 48.9 |
| Less than a High School Diploma | 26.14 |
| Post-Secondary Certificate | 10.83 |
| Some College Courses | 7.53 |
| First Professional Degree | 2.42 |
| Doctoral Degree | 2.08 |
| Post-Doctoral Training | 2.08 |

## Person Fit

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Realistic | career_interest_type | 7 |
| Physical/Manual Labor | specific_interest_area | 6.58 |
| Conventional | career_interest_type | 3.54 |
| Construction/Woodwork | specific_interest_area | 3.06 |
| Dependability | work_style | 2.25 |
| Cautiousness | work_style | 2.24 |
| Engineering | specific_interest_area | 1.88 |
| Attention to Detail | work_style | 1.86 |
| Transportation/Machine Operation | specific_interest_area | 1.77 |
| Perseverance | work_style | 1.74 |
| Enterprising | career_interest_type | 1.59 |
| Stress Tolerance | work_style | 1.58 |
| Social | career_interest_type | 1.48 |
| Mechanics/Electronics | specific_interest_area | 1.47 |
| Management/Administration | specific_interest_area | 1.32 |
| Investigative | career_interest_type | 1.3 |

## Related Roles

| Soc Code | Slug | Title | Tier |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 47-3016.00 | role-47-3016-00 | Helpers--Roofers | Primary-Short |
| 47-2081.00 | role-47-2081-00 | Drywall and Ceiling Tile Installers | Primary-Short |
| 47-2131.00 | role-47-2131-00 | Insulation Workers, Floor, Ceiling, and Wall | Primary-Short |
| 47-2161.00 | role-47-2161-00 | Plasterers and Stucco Masons | Primary-Short |
| 47-2042.00 | role-47-2042-00 | Floor Layers, Except Carpet, Wood, and Hard Tiles | Primary-Short |
| 47-2132.00 | role-47-2132-00 | Insulation Workers, Mechanical | Primary-Long |
| 47-2031.00 | role-47-2031-00 | Carpenters | Primary-Long |
| 47-3011.00 | role-47-3011-00 | Helpers--Brickmasons, Blockmasons, Stonemasons, and Tile and Marble Setters | Primary-Long |
| 47-2044.00 | role-47-2044-00 | Tile and Stone Setters | Primary-Long |
| 47-2053.00 | role-47-2053-00 | Terrazzo Workers and Finishers | Primary-Long |
| 47-2051.00 | role-47-2051-00 | Cement Masons and Concrete Finishers | Supplemental |
| 47-3015.00 | role-47-3015-00 | Helpers--Pipelayers, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters | Supplemental |

## Career Clusters

| Cluster | Slug |
| --- | --- |
| Construction | construction |

## Education Level

- **Category:** No formal educational credential

## Study Programs

| Title | Slug |
| --- | --- |
| Construction Trades | construction-trades |

## Market

- **Median Wage:** 50970
- **Mean Wage:** 57090
- **Pct10Wage:** 37060
- **Pct25Wage:** 45300
- **Pct75Wage:** 64010
- **Pct90Wage:** 80780
- **Employment:** 136740
- **Area Title:** U.S.

## Industries


### Top

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Median Wage | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 23 | 23 | Construction | Sector | 133610 | 50940 | 18.55 |
| 238160 | 238160 | Roofing Contractors | National industry | 121700 | 50680 | 552.2 |
| 31-33 | 31-33 | Manufacturing | Sector | 1190 | 49710 | 0.11 |
| 56 | 56 | Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services | Sector | 830 | 50750 | 0.1 |
| 238210 | 238210 | Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors | National industry | 620 | 55870 | 0.65 |
| 238310 | 238310 | Drywall and Insulation Contractors | National industry | 430 | 65450 | 1.97 |
| 238220 | 238220 | Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors | National industry | 410 | 50330 | 0.37 |
| 61 | 61 | Educational Services | Sector | 360 | 59200 | 0.03 |
| 238320 | 238320 | Painting and Wall Covering Contractors | National industry | 220 | 74090 | 1.2 |
| 238140 | 238140 | Masonry Contractors | National industry | 130 | 90810 | 1.02 |
| 53 | 53 | Real Estate and Rental and Leasing | Sector | 80 | 47730 |  |
| 42 | 42 | Wholesale Trade | Sector | 60 | 76400 |  |

### Concentrated

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 238160 | 238160 | Roofing Contractors | National industry | 121700 | 552.2 |
| 23 | 23 | Construction | Sector | 133610 | 18.55 |
| 238310 | 238310 | Drywall and Insulation Contractors | National industry | 430 | 1.97 |
| 238320 | 238320 | Painting and Wall Covering Contractors | National industry | 220 | 1.2 |
| 238140 | 238140 | Masonry Contractors | National industry | 130 | 1.02 |
| 238210 | 238210 | Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors | National industry | 620 | 0.65 |
| 238220 | 238220 | Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors | National industry | 410 | 0.37 |
| 31-33 | 31-33 | Manufacturing | Sector | 1190 | 0.11 |
- **Count:** 15

## Ai Signals

| Source | Label | Score | Scale | Release |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| frey_osborne | Computerization probability | 0.9 | 0-1 probability | 2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot |
| felten_aioe | AI occupational exposure | -1.752941 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |
| felten_image_generation_aioe | Image generation occupational exposure | -1.779166 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |
| felten_language_modeling_aioe | Language modeling occupational exposure | -1.553439 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |

## Ai Outlook


### Index

- **Value:** 5
- **Percentile:** 2
- **Band:** Low
- **Version:** ai-exposure-index-v1

#### Components

| Percentile | Source |
| --- | --- |
| 2 | felten_aioe |
| 11 | openai_gpts_are_gpts |
| 2 | microsoft_working_with_ai |
- **Component Count:** 3

### Exposure

| Source | Label | Value | Percentile | Band | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| felten_aioe | Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.) | -1.752941 | 2 | Low | How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss. |
| eloundou_gamma | LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou) | 0.08 | 11 | Low | Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank. |
| microsoft_applicability | AI assistant applicability (Microsoft) | 0.009102999903467524 | 2 | Low | How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement. |

### Frey Historical

- **Source:** frey
- **Label:** Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)
- **Value:** 0.9
- **Percentile:** 78
- **Band:** High
- **Note:** A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking.
- **Teleworkable:** no

### Eloundou

- **Alpha:** 0
- **Beta:** 0.04
- **Gamma:** 0.08

### Usage Tasks

| Task | Usage Percent | Importance |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Estimate materials and labor required to complete roofing jobs. | 0.0017460323981446867 | 4.17 |
- **Usage Release:** 2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2

### Bls

- **Growth Percent:** 5.9
- **Growth Percentile:** 80
- **Direction:** About average
- **Annual Openings Thousands:** 12.7
- **Annual Openings Percentile:** 67
- **Employment2024Thousands:** 166.7
- **Employment2034Thousands:** 176.5

### Sources

| Source | Version |
| --- | --- |
| bls_employment_projections | 2024-2034 |
| dingel_neiman | dingel-neiman-workathome |
| felten_aioe | felten-raj-seamans-aioe |
| frey_osborne | frey-osborne-automation |
| microsoft_working_with_ai | working-with-ai |
| openai_gpts_are_gpts | gpts-are-gpts |

## Ai Playbook

- **Trusted Task Count:** 1
- **Task Count:** 1
- **Total Sample:** 36
- **Autonomy Median:** 4
- **Work Use Percent:** 63.89

### Collaboration


### Use Case

| Label | Percent |
| --- | --- |
| work | 63.89 |

### Delegated Tasks

| Task | Usage Percent | Autonomy Median | Sample Count |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Estimate materials and labor required to complete roofing jobs. | 0.003600450056257032 | 4 | 36 |

### Boundary Tasks

| Task | Human Needed Percent | Sample Count |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Estimate materials and labor required to complete roofing jobs. | 94.44444444444444 | 36 |

### Seed Prompts

| Prompt |
| --- |
| Help me with this part of my job: estimate materials and labor required to complete roofing jobs |
- **Release:** 2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2

## Counts

- **Tasks:** 27
- **Skills:** 35
- **Capabilities:** 120
- **Tools:** 21
- **Related Roles:** 20

## Source

- **Dataset:** gold.onet_role_starter_surface
- **Version:** 30.3
- **Generated At:** 2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00
- **Content Hash:** 7343f9cf7b2824dd