# Painters, Construction and Maintenance

> Paint walls, equipment, buildings, bridges, and other structural surfaces, using brushes, rollers, and spray guns. May remove old paint to prepare surface prior to painting. May mix colors or oils to obtain desired color or consistency.
- **Entity Type:** role
- **Schema Version:** role.v1
- **Soc Code:** 47-2141.00
- **Summary:** Paint walls, equipment, buildings, bridges, and other structural surfaces, using brushes, rollers, and spray guns. May remove old paint to prepare surface prior to painting. May mix colors or oils to obtain desired color or consistency.

## Aliases

- Building Trades Painter
- Industrial Painter
- Maintenance Painter
- Painter
- Commercial Painter
- Facilities Painter
- Highway Painter
- House Painter
- Professional Painter
- Texturer
- Architectural Coating Finisher
- Bitumastic Applier

## Tasks

| Text | Type | Iwa |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Cover surfaces with dropcloths or masking tape and paper to protect surfaces during painting. | Core | 4.A.3.a.1.d |
| Read work orders or receive instructions from supervisors or homeowners to determine work requirements. | Core | 4.A.1.a.1.b |
| Apply paint, stain, varnish, enamel, or other finishes to equipment, buildings, bridges, or other structures, using brushes, spray guns, or rollers. | Core | 4.A.3.a.2.ag |
| Fill cracks, holes, or joints with caulk, putty, plaster, or other fillers, using caulking guns or putty knives. | Core | 4.A.3.a.2.am |
| Smooth surfaces, using sandpaper, scrapers, brushes, steel wool, or sanding machines. | Core | 4.A.3.a.2.o |
| Erect scaffolding or swing gates, or set up ladders, to work above ground level. | Core | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Wash and treat surfaces with oil, turpentine, mildew remover, or other preparations, and sand rough spots to ensure that finishes will adhere properly. | Core | 4.A.3.a.1.c |
| Apply primers or sealers to prepare new surfaces, such as bare wood or metal, for finish coats. | Core | 4.A.3.a.1.g |
| Calculate amounts of required materials and estimate costs, based on surface measurements or work orders. | Core | 4.A.1.b.3.b |
| Remove old finishes by stripping, sanding, wire brushing, burning, or using water or abrasive blasting. | Core | 4.A.3.a.1.c |
| Remove fixtures such as pictures, door knobs, lamps, or electric switch covers prior to painting. | Core | 4.A.3.a.1.d |
| Use special finishing techniques such as sponging, ragging, layering, or faux finishing. | Core | 4.A.3.a.2.as |

## Emerging Tasks

| Text |
| --- |
| Clean tools and equipment, such as brushes and rollers. |
| Hang wallpaper. |

## Activities

| Name | Iwa |
| --- | --- |
| Protect structures or surfaces near work areas to avoid damage. | 4.A.3.a.1.d |
| Apply material to fill gaps in surfaces. | 4.A.3.a.2.am |
| Prepare surfaces for finishing. | 4.A.3.a.1.g |
| Apply paint to surfaces. | 4.A.3.a.2.ag |
| Estimate construction project costs. | 4.A.1.b.3.b |
| Estimate materials requirements for projects. | 4.A.2.b.1.h |
| Review blueprints or specifications to determine work requirements. | 4.A.1.a.1.b |
| Assemble temporary equipment or structures. | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Clean surfaces in preparation for work activities. | 4.A.3.a.1.c |
| Mix substances or compounds needed for work activities. | 4.A.3.a.1.a |
| Select construction equipment. | 4.A.2.b.1.j |
| Order construction or extraction materials or equipment. | 4.A.4.c.3.e |
| Smooth surfaces with abrasive materials or tools. | 4.A.3.a.2.o |
| Apply decorative or textured finishes or coverings. | 4.A.3.a.2.as |
| Apply sealants or other protective coatings. | 4.A.3.a.2.ag |
| Cut carpet, vinyl or other flexible materials. | 4.A.3.a.2.l |

## Capabilities

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Arm-Hand Steadiness | ability | 3.75 |
| Near Vision | ability | 3.38 |
| Customer and Personal Service | knowledge | 3.17 |
| Manual Dexterity | ability | 3.12 |
| Trunk Strength | ability | 3.12 |
| Building and Construction | knowledge | 3.03 |
| Active Listening | essential_skill | 3 |
| Critical Thinking | essential_skill | 3 |
| Time Management | transferable_skill | 3 |
| Oral Comprehension | ability | 3 |
| Written Comprehension | ability | 3 |
| Oral Expression | ability | 3 |
| Deductive Reasoning | ability | 3 |
| Multilimb Coordination | ability | 3 |
| Extent Flexibility | ability | 3 |
| Gross Body Coordination | ability | 3 |
| Gross Body Equilibrium | ability | 3 |
| Visual Color Discrimination | ability | 3 |
| Speech Clarity | ability | 3 |
| Monitoring | essential_skill | 2.88 |
| Social Perceptiveness | transferable_skill | 2.88 |
| Coordination | transferable_skill | 2.88 |
| Information Ordering | ability | 2.88 |
| Visualization | ability | 2.88 |
| Selective Attention | ability | 2.88 |
| Finger Dexterity | ability | 2.88 |
| Static Strength | ability | 2.88 |
| Dynamic Strength | ability | 2.88 |
| Stamina | ability | 2.88 |
| Far Vision | ability | 2.88 |
| Speech Recognition | ability | 2.88 |
| Administration and Management | knowledge | 2.87 |
| Public Safety and Security | knowledge | 2.8 |
| Reading Comprehension | essential_skill | 2.75 |
| Judgment and Decision Making | transferable_skill | 2.75 |
| Problem Sensitivity | ability | 2.75 |
| Inductive Reasoning | ability | 2.75 |
| Control Precision | ability | 2.75 |
| Chemistry | knowledge | 2.67 |
| Transportation | knowledge | 2.65 |

## Skills

| Name | Type |
| --- | --- |
| Time Management | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Word | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Windows | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Excel | Common Skill |
| Deductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Critical Thinking | Common Skill |
| Active Listening | Common Skill |
| Visualization | Specialized Skill |
| Speech Recognition | Specialized Skill |
| Social Perceptiveness | Common Skill |
| Information Ordering | Specialized Skill |
| Finger Dexterity | Common Skill |
| Reading Comprehension | Common Skill |
| Inductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Chemistry | Specialized Skill |
| Mathematics | Common Skill |
| English Language | Common Skill |
| Depth Perception | Common Skill |
| Psychology | Specialized Skill |
| Writing | Common Skill |
| Learning Strategies | Specialized Skill |
| Instructing | Specialized Skill |
| Corel Painter | Specialized Skill |
| Active Learning | Common Skill |
| Systems Analysis | Specialized Skill |
| Negotiation | Common Skill |
| Complex Problem Solving | Common Skill |
| Physics | Specialized Skill |
| Equipment Selection | Specialized Skill |
| Telecommunications | Specialized Skill |
| Geography | Specialized Skill |
| Biology | Specialized Skill |
| Equipment Maintenance | Specialized Skill |
| Foreign Language | Common Skill |
| Project Management Software | Specialized Skill |
| Installation | Specialized Skill |

## Tools

| Example | Category | Hot | In Demand |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Microsoft Excel | Spreadsheet software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Office software | Office suite software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Windows | Operating system software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Word | Word processing software | yes | no |
| Act! | Customer relationship management CRM software | no | no |
| Corel Paint Shop Pro | Graphics or photo imaging software | no | no |
| Corel Painter | Graphics or photo imaging software | no | no |
| Evergreen Technology Eagle Bid Estimating | Project management software | no | no |
| Evergreen Technology Total Faux | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| Insight Direct ServiceCEO | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| On Center Quick Bid | Project management software | no | no |
| Turtle Creek Software Goldenseal | Project management software | no | no |

## Work Context

| Name | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Spend Time Standing | 4.94 |
| Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams | 4.81 |
| Telephone Conversations | 4.78 |
| Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls | 4.64 |
| Time Pressure | 4.6 |
| Importance of Being Exact or Accurate | 4.44 |
| Contact With Others | 4.29 |
| Freedom to Make Decisions | 4.29 |
| Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals | 4.15 |
| Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team | 4.13 |
| Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles | 4.13 |
| Exposed to Contaminants | 4.01 |
| Health and Safety of Other Workers | 3.95 |
| Exposed to High Places | 3.95 |
| Deal With External Customers or the Public in General | 3.93 |
| Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets | 3.84 |
| Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions | 3.82 |
| Spend Time Walking or Running | 3.8 |
| Physical Proximity | 3.79 |
| Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body | 3.79 |
| Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers | 3.78 |
| Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities | 3.77 |
| Written Letters and Memos | 3.66 |
| Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling | 3.5 |
| Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results | 3.48 |
| Frequency of Decision Making | 3.33 |
| Level of Competition | 3.32 |
| E-Mail | 3.23 |
| Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance | 3.15 |
| Importance of Repeating Same Tasks | 3.15 |
| Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures | 3.13 |
| Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions | 3.05 |
| Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable | 3.03 |
| Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People | 3.01 |
| Indoors, Environmentally Controlled | 3.01 |
| Conflict Situations | 3 |
| Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions | 2.87 |
| Exposed to Hazardous Conditions | 2.82 |
| Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions | 2.68 |
| Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection | 2.53 |

## Preparation

- **Job Zone:** 2
- **Job Zone Name:** Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed
- **Education:** Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not.
- **Experience:** Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training.
- **Svp Range:** (Below 6.0)

### Education Distribution

| Label | Percentage |
| --- | --- |
| Post-Doctoral Training | 1.85 |

## Person Fit

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Realistic | career_interest_type | 7 |
| Physical/Manual Labor | specific_interest_area | 5.97 |
| Conventional | career_interest_type | 3.5 |
| Construction/Woodwork | specific_interest_area | 2.88 |
| Applied Arts and Design | specific_interest_area | 2.61 |
| Artistic | career_interest_type | 2.51 |
| Dependability | work_style | 2.14 |
| Visual Arts | specific_interest_area | 1.91 |
| Attention to Detail | work_style | 1.89 |
| Engineering | specific_interest_area | 1.6 |
| Investigative | career_interest_type | 1.47 |
| Mechanics/Electronics | specific_interest_area | 1.41 |
| Transportation/Machine Operation | specific_interest_area | 1.4 |
| Cautiousness | work_style | 1.38 |
| Nature/Outdoors | specific_interest_area | 1.27 |
| Personal Service | specific_interest_area | 1.27 |

## Related Roles

| Soc Code | Slug | Title | Tier |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 51-9123.00 | role-51-9123-00 | Painting, Coating, and Decorating Workers | Primary-Short |
| 47-3014.00 | role-47-3014-00 | Helpers--Painters, Paperhangers, Plasterers, and Stucco Masons | Primary-Short |
| 47-2161.00 | role-47-2161-00 | Plasterers and Stucco Masons | Primary-Short |
| 51-9124.00 | role-51-9124-00 | Coating, Painting, and Spraying Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders | Primary-Short |
| 51-7021.00 | role-51-7021-00 | Furniture Finishers | Primary-Short |
| 47-2181.00 | role-47-2181-00 | Roofers | Primary-Long |
| 47-2142.00 | role-47-2142-00 | Paperhangers | Primary-Long |
| 47-2131.00 | role-47-2131-00 | Insulation Workers, Floor, Ceiling, and Wall | Primary-Long |
| 47-2081.00 | role-47-2081-00 | Drywall and Ceiling Tile Installers | Primary-Long |
| 51-9195.00 | role-51-9195-00 | Molders, Shapers, and Casters, Except Metal and Plastic | Primary-Long |
| 47-3011.00 | role-47-3011-00 | Helpers--Brickmasons, Blockmasons, Stonemasons, and Tile and Marble Setters | Supplemental |
| 47-2031.00 | role-47-2031-00 | Carpenters | Supplemental |

## Career Clusters

| Cluster | Slug |
| --- | --- |
| Construction | construction |

## Education Level

- **Category:** No formal educational credential

## Study Programs

| Title | Slug |
| --- | --- |
| Construction Trades | construction-trades |

## Market

- **Median Wage:** 48660
- **Mean Wage:** 53710
- **Pct10Wage:** 36680
- **Pct25Wage:** 42510
- **Pct75Wage:** 60270
- **Pct90Wage:** 76550
- **Employment:** 224180
- **Area Title:** U.S.

## Industries


### Top

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Median Wage | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 23 | 23 | Construction | Sector | 181500 | 48350 | 15.37 |
| 238320 | 238320 | Painting and Wall Covering Contractors | National industry | 139260 | 48170 | 463.35 |
| 238310 | 238310 | Drywall and Insulation Contractors | National industry | 6260 | 47910 | 17.52 |
| 31-33 | 31-33 | Manufacturing | Sector | 5190 | 49150 | 0.28 |
| 53 | 53 | Real Estate and Rental and Leasing | Sector | 4900 | 47220 | 1.42 |
| 61 | 61 | Educational Services | Sector | 4190 | 55350 | 0.21 |
| 62 | 62 | Health Care and Social Assistance | Sector | 3370 | 57870 | 0.1 |
| 72 | 72 | Accommodation and Food Services | Sector | 2270 | 52400 | 0.11 |
| 71 | 71 | Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation | Sector | 1300 | 55660 | 0.34 |
| 54 | 54 | Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services | Sector | 1080 | 57740 | 0.07 |
| 42 | 42 | Wholesale Trade | Sector | 890 | 42740 | 0.1 |
| 81 | 81 | Other Services (except Public Administration) | Sector | 860 | 48220 | 0.13 |

### Concentrated

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 238320 | 238320 | Painting and Wall Covering Contractors | National industry | 139260 | 463.35 |
| 238310 | 238310 | Drywall and Insulation Contractors | National industry | 6260 | 17.52 |
| 23 | 23 | Construction | Sector | 181500 | 15.37 |
| 238290 | 238290 | Other Building Equipment Contractors | National industry | 650 | 2.91 |
| 238160 | 238160 | Roofing Contractors | National industry | 540 | 1.49 |
| 53 | 53 | Real Estate and Rental and Leasing | Sector | 4900 | 1.42 |
| 238140 | 238140 | Masonry Contractors | National industry | 270 | 1.29 |
| 721120 | 721120 | Casino Hotels | National industry | 590 | 1.2 |
- **Count:** 32

## Ai Signals

| Source | Label | Score | Scale | Release |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| frey_osborne | Computerization probability | 0.75 | 0-1 probability | 2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot |
| felten_aioe | AI occupational exposure | -1.58799 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |
| felten_image_generation_aioe | Image generation occupational exposure | -1.580887 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |
| felten_language_modeling_aioe | Language modeling occupational exposure | -1.380682 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |

## Ai Outlook


### Index

- **Value:** 13
- **Percentile:** 9
- **Band:** Low
- **Version:** ai-exposure-index-v1

#### Components

| Percentile | Source |
| --- | --- |
| 4 | felten_aioe |
| 8 | openai_gpts_are_gpts |
| 28 | microsoft_working_with_ai |
- **Component Count:** 3

### Exposure

| Source | Label | Value | Percentile | Band | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| felten_aioe | Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.) | -1.58799 | 4 | Low | How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss. |
| eloundou_gamma | LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou) | 0.05714285714285714 | 8 | Low | Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank. |
| microsoft_applicability | AI assistant applicability (Microsoft) | 0.09285656353627914 | 28 | Low | How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement. |

### Frey Historical

- **Source:** frey
- **Label:** Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)
- **Value:** 0.75
- **Percentile:** 61
- **Band:** Moderate
- **Note:** A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking.
- **Teleworkable:** no

### Eloundou

- **Alpha:** 0.05714285714285714
- **Beta:** 0.05714285714285714
- **Gamma:** 0.05714285714285714

### Usage Tasks

| Task | Usage Percent | Importance |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Calculate amounts of required materials and estimate costs, based on surface measurements or work orders. | 0.002567694703153951 | 3.63 |
| Fill cracks, holes, or joints with caulk, putty, plaster, or other fillers, using caulking guns or putty knives. | 0.0016433246100185286 | 4.45 |
- **Usage Release:** 2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2

### Bls

- **Growth Percent:** 3.8
- **Growth Percentile:** 62
- **Direction:** About average
- **Annual Openings Thousands:** 28.1
- **Annual Openings Percentile:** 83
- **Employment2024Thousands:** 342.2
- **Employment2034Thousands:** 355.2

### Sources

| Source | Version |
| --- | --- |
| bls_employment_projections | 2024-2034 |
| dingel_neiman | dingel-neiman-workathome |
| felten_aioe | felten-raj-seamans-aioe |
| frey_osborne | frey-osborne-automation |
| microsoft_working_with_ai | working-with-ai |
| openai_gpts_are_gpts | gpts-are-gpts |

## Counts

- **Tasks:** 17
- **Skills:** 36
- **Capabilities:** 120
- **Tools:** 12
- **Related Roles:** 20

## Source

- **Dataset:** gold.onet_role_starter_surface
- **Version:** 30.3
- **Generated At:** 2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00
- **Content Hash:** 05da4badf11428af