# Carpenters

> Construct, erect, install, or repair structures and fixtures made of wood and comparable materials, such as concrete forms; building frameworks, including partitions, joists, studding, and rafters; and wood stairways, window and door frames, and hardwood floors. May also install cabinets, siding, drywall, and batt or roll insulation. Includes brattice builders who build doors or brattices (ventilation walls or partitions) in underground passageways.
- **Entity Type:** role
- **Schema Version:** role.v1
- **Soc Code:** 47-2031.00
- **Summary:** Construct, erect, install, or repair structures and fixtures made of wood and comparable materials, such as concrete forms; building frameworks, including partitions, joists, studding, and rafters; and wood stairways, window and door frames, and hardwood floors. May also install cabinets, siding, drywall, and batt or roll insulation. Includes brattice builders who build doors or brattices (ventilation walls or partitions) in underground passageways.

## Aliases

- Cabinet Maker
- Carpenter
- Form Carpenter
- Scaffold Builder
- Bridge Carpenter
- Concrete Carpenter
- Construction Carpenter
- Framer
- Maintenance Carpenter
- Rough Carpenter
- Aluminum Siding Applicator
- Aluminum Siding Installer

## Tasks

| Text | Type | Iwa |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Follow established safety rules and regulations and maintain a safe and clean environment. | Core | 4.A.3.a.1.c |
| Measure and mark cutting lines on materials, using a ruler, pencil, chalk, and marking gauge. | Core | 4.A.1.b.3.a |
| Assemble and fasten materials to make frameworks or props, using hand tools and wood screws, nails, dowel pins, or glue. | Core | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Study specifications in blueprints, sketches, or building plans to prepare project layout and determine dimensions and materials required. | Core | 4.A.1.a.1.b |
| Shape or cut materials to specified measurements, using hand tools, machines, or power saws. | Core | 4.A.3.a.2.l |
| Verify trueness of structure, using plumb bob and level. | Core | 4.A.1.b.2.f |
| Cover subfloors with building paper to keep out moisture and lay hardwood, parquet, or wood-strip-block floors by nailing floors to subfloor or cementing them to mastic or asphalt base. | Supplemental | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Construct forms or chutes for pouring concrete. | Supplemental | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Arrange for subcontractors to deal with special areas, such as heating or electrical wiring work. | Supplemental | 4.A.4.b.4.i |
| Build or repair cabinets, doors, frameworks, floors, or other wooden fixtures used in buildings, using woodworking machines, carpenter's hand tools, or power tools. | Supplemental | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Inspect ceiling or floor tile, wall coverings, siding, glass, or woodwork to detect broken or damaged structures. | Core | 4.A.1.b.2.e |
| Erect scaffolding or ladders for assembling structures above ground level. | Core | 4.A.3.a.2.a |

## Emerging Tasks

| Text |
| --- |
| Use drones for site surveying and to inspect hard-to-reach areas of a structure. |

## Activities

| Name | Iwa |
| --- | --- |
| Clean work sites. | 4.A.3.a.1.c |
| Review blueprints or specifications to determine work requirements. | 4.A.1.a.1.b |
| Measure materials or objects for installation or assembly. | 4.A.1.b.3.a |
| Mark reference points on construction materials. | 4.A.3.a.2.ao |
| Cut wood components for installation. | 4.A.3.a.2.l |
| Install building fixtures. | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Install doors or windows. | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Install wooden structural components. | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Verify alignment of structures or equipment. | 4.A.1.b.2.f |
| Select construction materials. | 4.A.2.b.1.j |
| Order construction or extraction materials or equipment. | 4.A.4.c.3.e |
| Coordinate construction project activities. | 4.A.4.b.4.i |
| Prepare operational reports. | 4.A.3.b.6.o |
| Assemble temporary equipment or structures. | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Position construction forms or molds. | 4.A.3.a.2.v |
| Inspect work sites to determine condition or necessary repairs. | 4.A.1.b.2.e |
| Drill holes in construction materials. | 4.A.3.a.2.ad |
| Record operational or environmental data. | 4.A.3.b.6.h |
| Remove worn, damaged or outdated materials from work areas. | 4.A.3.a.1.e |
| Install safety or support equipment. | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Apply decorative or textured finishes or coverings. | 4.A.3.a.2.as |
| Install trim or paneling. | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Install carpet or flooring. | 4.A.3.a.2.a |
| Apply material to fill gaps in surfaces. | 4.A.3.a.2.am |
| Mix substances or compounds needed for work activities. | 4.A.3.a.1.a |
| Weld metal components. | 4.A.3.a.2.ai |
| Estimate construction project costs. | 4.A.1.b.3.b |
| Build construction forms or molds. | 4.A.3.a.2.aj |
| Assemble products or production equipment. | 4.A.3.a.2.d |
| Prepare hazardous waste for processing or disposal. | 4.A.3.a.2.m |
| Dig holes or trenches. | 4.A.3.a.1.g |
| Position safety or support equipment. | 4.A.3.a.2.v |
| Direct construction or extraction personnel. | 4.A.4.b.4.i |

## Capabilities

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Building and Construction | knowledge | 4.66 |
| Administration and Management | knowledge | 3.91 |
| Mathematics | knowledge | 3.91 |
| Problem Sensitivity | ability | 3.88 |
| Visualization | ability | 3.88 |
| Design | knowledge | 3.86 |
| Manual Dexterity | ability | 3.62 |
| Finger Dexterity | ability | 3.62 |
| Near Vision | ability | 3.62 |
| Engineering and Technology | knowledge | 3.6 |
| Deductive Reasoning | ability | 3.5 |
| Information Ordering | ability | 3.5 |
| Arm-Hand Steadiness | ability | 3.5 |
| Trunk Strength | ability | 3.5 |
| Public Safety and Security | knowledge | 3.48 |
| Active Listening | essential_skill | 3.38 |
| Critical Thinking | essential_skill | 3.38 |
| Monitoring | essential_skill | 3.38 |
| Oral Comprehension | ability | 3.38 |
| Oral Expression | ability | 3.38 |
| Multilimb Coordination | ability | 3.38 |
| Static Strength | ability | 3.38 |
| Far Vision | ability | 3.38 |
| Mechanical | knowledge | 3.3 |
| Coordination | transferable_skill | 3.25 |
| Inductive Reasoning | ability | 3.25 |
| Education and Training | knowledge | 3.23 |
| Reading Comprehension | essential_skill | 3.12 |
| Speaking | essential_skill | 3.12 |
| Quality Control Analysis | transferable_skill | 3.12 |
| Category Flexibility | ability | 3.12 |
| Selective Attention | ability | 3.12 |
| Control Precision | ability | 3.12 |
| Reaction Time | ability | 3.12 |
| Customer and Personal Service | knowledge | 3.08 |
| Physics | knowledge | 3.05 |
| Mathematics | essential_skill | 3 |
| Active Learning | essential_skill | 3 |
| Complex Problem Solving | transferable_skill | 3 |
| Judgment and Decision Making | transferable_skill | 3 |

## Skills

| Name | Type |
| --- | --- |
| Mathematics | Common Skill |
| Visualization | Specialized Skill |
| Finger Dexterity | Common Skill |
| Information Ordering | Specialized Skill |
| Deductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Critical Thinking | Common Skill |
| Active Listening | Common Skill |
| Inductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Reading Comprehension | Common Skill |
| Physics | Specialized Skill |
| Time Management | Common Skill |
| Speech Recognition | Specialized Skill |
| Microsoft Word | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Windows | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Excel | Common Skill |
| Complex Problem Solving | Common Skill |
| Active Learning | Common Skill |
| English Language | Common Skill |
| Writing | Common Skill |
| Social Perceptiveness | Common Skill |
| Learning Strategies | Specialized Skill |
| Equipment Selection | Specialized Skill |
| Depth Perception | Common Skill |
| Instructing | Specialized Skill |
| Systems Analysis | Specialized Skill |
| Negotiation | Common Skill |
| Installation | Specialized Skill |
| Equipment Maintenance | Specialized Skill |
| Telecommunications | Specialized Skill |
| Chemistry | Specialized Skill |
| Psychology | Specialized Skill |
| Geography | Specialized Skill |
| Foreign Language | Common Skill |
| Biology | Specialized Skill |
| Project Management Software | Specialized Skill |
| Accounting Software | Specialized Skill |

## Tools

| Example | Category | Hot | In Demand |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Intuit QuickBooks | Accounting software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Excel | Spreadsheet software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Office software | Office suite software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Windows | Operating system software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Word | Word processing software | yes | no |
| Bosch Punch List | Project management software | no | no |
| Craftsman CD Estimator | Project management software | no | no |
| Drawing and drafting software | Computer aided design CAD software | no | no |
| Estimating software | Project management software | no | no |
| Job costing software | Accounting software | no | no |
| Quicken | Accounting software | no | no |
| Renaissance MasterCarpenter | Information retrieval or search software | no | no |
| Turtle Creek Software Goldenseal | Project management software | no | no |
| VirtualBoss | Project management software | no | no |
| Web browser software | Internet browser software | no | no |
| Wilhelm Publishing Threshold | Word processing software | no | no |

## Work Context

| Name | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets | 4.93 |
| Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams | 4.92 |
| Contact With Others | 4.74 |
| Spend Time Standing | 4.6 |
| Importance of Being Exact or Accurate | 4.55 |
| Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team | 4.48 |
| Health and Safety of Other Workers | 4.48 |
| Time Pressure | 4.43 |
| Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results | 4.37 |
| Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers | 4.26 |
| Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable | 4.26 |
| Frequency of Decision Making | 4.22 |
| Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls | 4.07 |
| Telephone Conversations | 3.92 |
| Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions | 3.91 |
| Physical Proximity | 3.9 |
| Exposed to Contaminants | 3.9 |
| Consequence of Error | 3.8 |
| Exposed to Hazardous Equipment | 3.7 |
| Freedom to Make Decisions | 3.63 |
| Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities | 3.62 |
| Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals | 3.62 |
| Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body | 3.59 |
| Exposed to High Places | 3.53 |
| Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions | 3.46 |
| Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures | 3.43 |
| Spend Time Walking or Running | 3.37 |
| Level of Competition | 3.34 |
| Conflict Situations | 3.32 |
| Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling | 3.09 |
| Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People | 3.04 |
| Indoors, Environmentally Controlled | 3.04 |
| Outdoors, Under Cover | 2.98 |
| Deal With External Customers or the Public in General | 2.97 |
| Importance of Repeating Same Tasks | 2.97 |
| Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles | 2.95 |
| Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings | 2.93 |
| Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection | 2.81 |
| E-Mail | 2.73 |
| Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled | 2.72 |

## Preparation

- **Job Zone:** 2
- **Job Zone Name:** Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed
- **Education:** Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not.
- **Experience:** Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training.
- **Svp Range:** (Below 6.0)

### Education Distribution

| Label | Percentage |
| --- | --- |
| High School Diploma | 52.4 |
| Post-Secondary Certificate | 21.46 |
| Less than a High School Diploma | 17.73 |
| Some College Courses | 8.41 |

## Person Fit

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Construction/Woodwork | specific_interest_area | 6.87 |
| Realistic | career_interest_type | 6.75 |
| Physical/Manual Labor | specific_interest_area | 6.27 |
| Conventional | career_interest_type | 3.46 |
| Engineering | specific_interest_area | 2.64 |
| Dependability | work_style | 2.44 |
| Attention to Detail | work_style | 2.22 |
| Artistic | career_interest_type | 2.18 |
| Transportation/Machine Operation | specific_interest_area | 1.97 |
| Investigative | career_interest_type | 1.91 |
| Social | career_interest_type | 1.9 |
| Mechanics/Electronics | specific_interest_area | 1.9 |
| Enterprising | career_interest_type | 1.79 |
| Cautiousness | work_style | 1.79 |
| Applied Arts and Design | specific_interest_area | 1.67 |
| Perseverance | work_style | 1.55 |

## Related Roles

| Soc Code | Slug | Title | Tier |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 47-2081.00 | role-47-2081-00 | Drywall and Ceiling Tile Installers | Primary-Short |
| 47-2221.00 | role-47-2221-00 | Structural Iron and Steel Workers | Primary-Short |
| 47-2021.00 | role-47-2021-00 | Brickmasons and Blockmasons | Primary-Short |
| 47-2211.00 | role-47-2211-00 | Sheet Metal Workers | Primary-Short |
| 51-2041.00 | role-51-2041-00 | Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters | Primary-Short |
| 51-7011.00 | role-51-7011-00 | Cabinetmakers and Bench Carpenters | Primary-Long |
| 51-4192.00 | role-51-4192-00 | Layout Workers, Metal and Plastic | Primary-Long |
| 47-3012.00 | role-47-3012-00 | Helpers--Carpenters | Primary-Long |
| 47-3011.00 | role-47-3011-00 | Helpers--Brickmasons, Blockmasons, Stonemasons, and Tile and Marble Setters | Primary-Long |
| 47-2061.00 | role-47-2061-00 | Construction Laborers | Primary-Long |
| 51-2011.00 | role-51-2011-00 | Aircraft Structure, Surfaces, Rigging, and Systems Assemblers | Supplemental |
| 47-2131.00 | role-47-2131-00 | Insulation Workers, Floor, Ceiling, and Wall | Supplemental |

## Career Clusters

| Cluster | Slug |
| --- | --- |
| Construction | construction |

## Education Level

- **Category:** High school diploma or equivalent

## Study Programs

| Title | Slug |
| --- | --- |
| Construction Trades | construction-trades |

## Market

- **Median Wage:** 59310
- **Mean Wage:** 64040
- **Pct10Wage:** 38760
- **Pct25Wage:** 47550
- **Pct75Wage:** 75620
- **Pct90Wage:** 98370
- **Employment:** 697740
- **Area Title:** U.S.

## Industries


### Top

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Median Wage | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 23 | 23 | Construction | Sector | 594410 | 59890 | 16.17 |
| 238310 | 238310 | Drywall and Insulation Contractors | National industry | 33190 | 73740 | 29.85 |
| 31-33 | 31-33 | Manufacturing | Sector | 30940 | 48070 | 0.54 |
| 238110 | 238110 | Poured Concrete Foundation and Structure Contractors | National industry | 20270 | 57200 | 17.31 |
| 56 | 56 | Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services | Sector | 19040 | 52770 | 0.47 |
| 561320 | 561320 | Temporary Help Services | National industry | 9200 | 49570 | 0.77 |
| 44-45 | 44-45 | Retail Trade | Sector | 8250 | 50500 | 0.12 |
| 61 | 61 | Educational Services | Sector | 6350 | 56600 | 0.1 |
| 53 | 53 | Real Estate and Rental and Leasing | Sector | 5560 | 53030 | 0.52 |
| 42 | 42 | Wholesale Trade | Sector | 4550 | 53390 | 0.17 |
| 71 | 71 | Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation | Sector | 3920 | 58630 | 0.33 |
| 238320 | 238320 | Painting and Wall Covering Contractors | National industry | 3650 | 51540 | 3.9 |

### Concentrated

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 238310 | 238310 | Drywall and Insulation Contractors | National industry | 33190 | 29.85 |
| 238110 | 238110 | Poured Concrete Foundation and Structure Contractors | National industry | 20270 | 17.31 |
| 23 | 23 | Construction | Sector | 594410 | 16.17 |
| 238290 | 238290 | Other Building Equipment Contractors | National industry | 3270 | 4.71 |
| 238140 | 238140 | Masonry Contractors | National industry | 3010 | 4.63 |
| 711110 | 711110 | Theater Companies and Dinner Theaters | National industry | 1390 | 4.24 |
| 238320 | 238320 | Painting and Wall Covering Contractors | National industry | 3650 | 3.9 |
| 238160 | 238160 | Roofing Contractors | National industry | 2350 | 2.09 |
- **Count:** 38

## Ai Signals

| Source | Label | Score | Scale | Release |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| frey_osborne | Computerization probability | 0.72 | 0-1 probability | 2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot |
| felten_aioe | AI occupational exposure | -1.323631 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |
| felten_image_generation_aioe | Image generation occupational exposure | -1.13992 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |
| felten_language_modeling_aioe | Language modeling occupational exposure | -1.245253 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |

## Ai Outlook


### Index

- **Value:** 16
- **Percentile:** 13
- **Band:** Low
- **Version:** ai-exposure-index-v1

#### Components

| Percentile | Source |
| --- | --- |
| 8 | felten_aioe |
| 28 | openai_gpts_are_gpts |
| 13 | microsoft_working_with_ai |
- **Component Count:** 3

### Exposure

| Source | Label | Value | Percentile | Band | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| felten_aioe | Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.) | -1.323631 | 8 | Low | How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss. |
| eloundou_gamma | LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou) | 0.24444444444444446 | 28 | Low | Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank. |
| microsoft_applicability | AI assistant applicability (Microsoft) | 0.05573789887245831 | 13 | Low | How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement. |

### Frey Historical

- **Source:** frey
- **Label:** Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)
- **Value:** 0.72
- **Percentile:** 59
- **Band:** Moderate
- **Note:** A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking.
- **Teleworkable:** no

### Eloundou

- **Alpha:** 0.044444444444444446
- **Beta:** 0.14444444444444446
- **Gamma:** 0.24444444444444446

### Usage Tasks

| Task | Usage Percent | Importance |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Prepare cost estimates for clients or employers. | 0.012633057939517437 | 3.68 |
| Study specifications in blueprints, sketches, or building plans to prepare project layout and determine dimensions and materials required. | 0.0020541557625231607 | 4.36 |
- **Usage Release:** 2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2

### Bls

- **Growth Percent:** 4.5
- **Growth Percentile:** 70
- **Direction:** About average
- **Annual Openings Thousands:** 74.1
- **Annual Openings Percentile:** 92
- **Employment2024Thousands:** 959
- **Employment2034Thousands:** 1002.1

### Sources

| Source | Version |
| --- | --- |
| bls_employment_projections | 2024-2034 |
| dingel_neiman | dingel-neiman-workathome |
| felten_aioe | felten-raj-seamans-aioe |
| frey_osborne | frey-osborne-automation |
| microsoft_working_with_ai | working-with-ai |
| openai_gpts_are_gpts | gpts-are-gpts |

## Counts

- **Tasks:** 29
- **Skills:** 36
- **Capabilities:** 120
- **Tools:** 16
- **Related Roles:** 20

## Source

- **Dataset:** gold.onet_role_starter_surface
- **Version:** 30.3
- **Generated At:** 2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00
- **Content Hash:** 0f71dbf39dfb1628