entityType = "role"
schemaVersion = "role.v1"
slug = "role-45-4021-00"
socCode = "45-4021.00"
title = "Fallers"
summary = "Use axes or chainsaws to fell trees using knowledge of tree characteristics and cutting techniques to control direction of fall and minimize tree damage."
aliases = ["Logger", "Timber Cutter", "Timber Faller", "Tree Faller", "Cutter Operator", "Sawyer", "Tree Feller", "Tree Topper", "All-Round Logger", "Arborist", "Arborist Assistant", "Arborist Climber"]
emergingTasks = []
studyPrograms = []

[preparation]
jobZone = "2"
jobZoneName = "Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed"
education = "Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not."
experience = "Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training."
svpRange = "(Below 6.0)"

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Less than a High School Diploma"
percentage = 55.82

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "High School Diploma"
percentage = 44.18

[educationLevel]
category = "High school diploma or equivalent"
slug = "high-school-diploma-or-equivalent"

[market]
medianWage = 53900
meanWage = 59120
pct10Wage = 35620
pct25Wage = 43670
pct75Wage = 65040
pct90Wage = 84510
employment = 4110
areaTitle = "U.S."

[industries]
count = 3

[[industries.top]]
naics = "11"
slug = "11"
title = "Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting"
level = "Sector"
employment = 2620
medianWage = 56980
lq = 232.16

[[industries.top]]
naics = "56"
slug = "56"
title = "Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 1140
medianWage = 52890
lq = 4.74

[[industries.top]]
naics = "561730"
slug = "561730"
title = "Landscaping Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 1130
medianWage = 52750
lq = 46.32

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "11"
slug = "11"
title = "Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting"
level = "Sector"
employment = 2620
lq = 232.16

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "561730"
slug = "561730"
title = "Landscaping Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 1130
lq = 46.32

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "56"
slug = "56"
title = "Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 1140
lq = 4.74

[aiOutlook]
teleworkable = false
usageTasks = []

[aiOutlook.index]
value = 10
percentile = 6
band = "Low"
version = "ai-exposure-index-v1"
componentCount = 3

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 2
source = "felten_aioe"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 9
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 20
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"

[aiOutlook.freyHistorical]
source = "frey"
label = "Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)"
value = 0.76
percentile = 62
band = "Moderate"
note = "A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking."

[aiOutlook.eloundou]
alpha = 0
beta = 0.03125
gamma = 0.0625

[aiOutlook.bls]
growthPercent = -7.3
growthPercentile = 8
direction = "Declining"
annualOpeningsThousands = 0.7
annualOpeningsPercentile = 11
employment2024Thousands = 5.6
employment2034Thousands = 5.2

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.)"
value = -1.795407
percentile = 2
band = "Low"
note = "How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "eloundou_gamma"
label = "LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou)"
value = 0.0625
percentile = 9
band = "Low"
note = "Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "microsoft_applicability"
label = "AI assistant applicability (Microsoft)"
value = 0.07491913787905316
percentile = 20
band = "Low"
note = "How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement."

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "bls_employment_projections"
version = "2024-2034"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "dingel_neiman"
version = "dingel-neiman-workathome"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "felten_aioe"
version = "felten-raj-seamans-aioe"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "frey_osborne"
version = "frey-osborne-automation"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"
version = "working-with-ai"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"
version = "gpts-are-gpts"

[counts]
tasks = 18
skills = 37
capabilities = 120
tools = 13
relatedRoles = 20

[source]
dataset = "gold.onet_role_starter_surface"
version = "30.3"
generatedAt = "2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00"
contentHash = "1bb50949b36d7fb1"

[[tasks]]
text = "Stop saw engines, pull cutting bars from cuts, and run to safety as tree falls."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.n"

[[tasks]]
text = "Appraise trees for certain characteristics, such as twist, rot, and heavy limb growth, and gauge amount and direction of lean, to determine how to control the direction of a tree's fall with the least damage."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.a.1.e"

[[tasks]]
text = "Saw back-cuts, leaving sufficient sound wood to control direction of fall."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.n"

[[tasks]]
text = "Clear brush from work areas and escape routes, and cut saplings and other trees from direction of falls, using axes, chainsaws, or bulldozers."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.n"

[[tasks]]
text = "Measure felled trees and cut them into specified log lengths, using chain saws and axes."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.b.3.a"

[[tasks]]
text = "Assess logs after cutting to ensure that the quality and length are correct."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.a.1.e"

[[tasks]]
text = "Determine position, direction, and depth of cuts to be made, and placement of wedges or jacks."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.b.1.d"

[[tasks]]
text = "Control the direction of a tree's fall by scoring cutting lines with axes, sawing undercuts along scored lines with chainsaws, knocking slabs from cuts with single-bit axes, and driving wedges."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.n"

[[tasks]]
text = "Trim off the tops and limbs of trees, using chainsaws, delimbers, or axes."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.n"

[[tasks]]
text = "Select trees to be cut down, assessing factors such as site, terrain, and weather conditions before beginning work."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.b.1.d"

[[tasks]]
text = "Maintain and repair chainsaws and other equipment, cleaning, oiling, and greasing equipment, and sharpening equipment properly."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.b.5.a"

[[tasks]]
text = "Insert jacks or drive wedges behind saws to prevent binding of saws and to start trees falling."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.n"

[[activities]]
name = "Cut trees or logs."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.n"

[[activities]]
name = "Operate forestry equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.3.k"

[[activities]]
name = "Evaluate quality of plants or crops."
iwa = "4.A.2.a.1.e"

[[activities]]
name = "Trim trees or other vegetation."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.n"

[[activities]]
name = "Measure physical characteristics of forestry or agricultural products."
iwa = "4.A.1.b.3.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Evaluate log quality."
iwa = "4.A.2.a.1.e"

[[activities]]
name = "Determine forestry techniques or methods."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.1.d"

[[activities]]
name = "Maintain forestry, hunting, or agricultural equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.5.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Mark agricultural or forestry products for identification."
iwa = "4.A.1.b.1.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Attach equipment extensions or accessories."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.at"

[[activities]]
name = "Load agricultural or forestry products for shipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Perform manual agricultural, aquacultural, or horticultural tasks."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.q"

[[capabilities]]
name = "Reaction Time"
family = "ability"
value = 4.13

[[capabilities]]
name = "Multilimb Coordination"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Control Precision"
family = "ability"
value = 3.63

[[capabilities]]
name = "Arm-Hand Steadiness"
family = "ability"
value = 3.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Manual Dexterity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speed of Limb Movement"
family = "ability"
value = 3.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Static Strength"
family = "ability"
value = 3.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Operation and Control"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Trunk Strength"
family = "ability"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Stamina"
family = "ability"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Gross Body Coordination"
family = "ability"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Near Vision"
family = "ability"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Depth Perception"
family = "ability"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Auditory Attention"
family = "ability"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Monitoring"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Operations Monitoring"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Flexibility of Closure"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Extent Flexibility"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Far Vision"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Visual Color Discrimination"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Hearing Sensitivity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Problem Sensitivity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.13

[[capabilities]]
name = "Information Ordering"
family = "ability"
value = 3.13

[[capabilities]]
name = "Visualization"
family = "ability"
value = 3.13

[[capabilities]]
name = "Response Orientation"
family = "ability"
value = 3.13

[[capabilities]]
name = "Rate Control"
family = "ability"
value = 3.13

[[capabilities]]
name = "Judgment and Decision Making"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Category Flexibility"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Perceptual Speed"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Dynamic Strength"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Gross Body Equilibrium"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Active Listening"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Equipment Maintenance"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Spatial Orientation"
family = "ability"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Selective Attention"
family = "ability"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Clarity"
family = "ability"
value = 2.88

[[skills]]
name = "Depth Perception"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Visualization"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Information Ordering"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Word"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft PowerPoint"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Outlook"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Excel"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Equipment Maintenance"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Listening"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Finger Dexterity"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Equipment Selection"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Time Management"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Mathematics"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Learning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Negotiation"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Instructing"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Writing"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Physics"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Biology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Geography"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Chemistry"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "English Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Psychology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Learning Strategies"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Foreign Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Telecommunications"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Systems Analysis"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Presentation Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Installation"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Accounting Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Excel"
category = "Spreadsheet software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Office software"
category = "Office suite software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Outlook"
category = "Electronic mail software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft PowerPoint"
category = "Presentation software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Word"
category = "Word processing software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Assisi Compiler"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Assisi Software Assisi Inventory"
category = "Inventory management software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Assisi Software Assisi Manager"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Assisi Software Assisi Resource"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "BCS Woodlands Software The Logger Tracker"
category = "Accounting software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "BCS Woodlands Software Woodlands Tracker"
category = "Enterprise resource planning ERP software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "ESRI ArcView"
category = "Geographic information system"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Geographic information system GIS systems"
category = "Geographic information system"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[workContext]]
name = "Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets"
value = 4.97

[[workContext]]
name = "Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions"
value = 4.94

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Hazardous Equipment"
value = 4.88

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls"
value = 4.84

[[workContext]]
name = "Freedom to Make Decisions"
value = 4.82

[[workContext]]
name = "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals"
value = 4.59

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Standing"
value = 4.4

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Contaminants"
value = 4.31

[[workContext]]
name = "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results"
value = 4.26

[[workContext]]
name = "Frequency of Decision Making"
value = 4.26

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Whole Body Vibration"
value = 4.2

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body"
value = 4.13

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate"
value = 4.1

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Walking or Running"
value = 4.02

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings"
value = 3.84

[[workContext]]
name = "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams"
value = 3.79

[[workContext]]
name = "Health and Safety of Other Workers"
value = 3.76

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions"
value = 3.72

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable"
value = 3.66

[[workContext]]
name = "Consequence of Error"
value = 3.44

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance"
value = 3.42

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures"
value = 3.41

[[workContext]]
name = "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team"
value = 3.38

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling"
value = 3.33

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions"
value = 3.06

[[workContext]]
name = "Level of Competition"
value = 3.02

[[workContext]]
name = "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities"
value = 2.88

[[workContext]]
name = "Contact With Others"
value = 2.84

[[workContext]]
name = "Time Pressure"
value = 2.83

[[workContext]]
name = "Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment"
value = 2.76

[[workContext]]
name = "Telephone Conversations"
value = 2.72

[[workContext]]
name = "In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment"
value = 2.56

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Hazardous Conditions"
value = 2.56

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks"
value = 2.53

[[workContext]]
name = "In an Open Vehicle or Operating Equipment"
value = 2.52

[[workContext]]
name = "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers"
value = 2.48

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions"
value = 2.45

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to High Places"
value = 1.92

[[workContext]]
name = "Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection"
value = 1.85

[[workContext]]
name = "Deal With External Customers or the Public in General"
value = 1.84

[[personFit]]
name = "Realistic"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 7

[[personFit]]
name = "Physical/Manual Labor"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 6.79

[[personFit]]
name = "Nature/Outdoors"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 6.08

[[personFit]]
name = "Conventional"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 3.32

[[personFit]]
name = "Cautiousness"
family = "work_style"
value = 2.62

[[personFit]]
name = "Investigative"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 2.48

[[personFit]]
name = "Dependability"
family = "work_style"
value = 2.47

[[personFit]]
name = "Transportation/Machine Operation"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 2.21

[[personFit]]
name = "Construction/Woodwork"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 2.19

[[personFit]]
name = "Self-Control"
family = "work_style"
value = 1.95

[[personFit]]
name = "Social"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 1.92

[[personFit]]
name = "Mechanics/Electronics"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.81

[[personFit]]
name = "Perseverance"
family = "work_style"
value = 1.8

[[personFit]]
name = "Agriculture"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.74

[[personFit]]
name = "Attention to Detail"
family = "work_style"
value = 1.69

[[personFit]]
name = "Stress Tolerance"
family = "work_style"
value = 1.58

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "37-3013.00"
slug = "role-37-3013-00"
title = "Tree Trimmers and Pruners"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "45-4022.00"
slug = "role-45-4022-00"
title = "Logging Equipment Operators"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "45-4011.00"
slug = "role-45-4011-00"
title = "Forest and Conservation Workers"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "45-4023.00"
slug = "role-45-4023-00"
title = "Log Graders and Scalers"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-7041.00"
slug = "role-51-7041-00"
title = "Sawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Wood"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "37-3011.00"
slug = "role-37-3011-00"
title = "Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "45-2092.00"
slug = "role-45-2092-00"
title = "Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "47-5051.00"
slug = "role-47-5051-00"
title = "Rock Splitters, Quarry"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "19-4071.00"
slug = "role-19-4071-00"
title = "Forest and Conservation Technicians"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "45-2091.00"
slug = "role-45-2091-00"
title = "Agricultural Equipment Operators"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "19-1032.00"
slug = "role-19-1032-00"
title = "Foresters"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-7042.00"
slug = "role-51-7042-00"
title = "Woodworking Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Except Sawing"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Agriculture"
slug = "agriculture"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "frey_osborne"
label = "Computerization probability"
score = 0.76
scale = "0-1 probability"
release = "2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "AI occupational exposure"
score = -1.795407
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_image_generation_aioe"
label = "Image generation occupational exposure"
score = -1.498815
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_language_modeling_aioe"
label = "Language modeling occupational exposure"
score = -1.791424
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"
