{
  "entityType": "role",
  "schemaVersion": "role.v1",
  "slug": "role-43-9051-00",
  "socCode": "43-9051.00",
  "title": "Mail Clerks and Mail Machine Operators, Except Postal Service",
  "summary": "Prepare incoming and outgoing mail for distribution. Time-stamp, open, read, sort, and route incoming mail; and address, seal, stamp, fold, stuff, and affix postage to outgoing mail or packages. Duties may also include keeping necessary records and completed forms.",
  "aliases": [
    "Mail Clerk",
    "Mail Handler",
    "Mail Machine Operator",
    "Postal Clerk",
    "Insert Operator",
    "Inserter Operator",
    "Mail Processor",
    "Mail Reader",
    "Mail Sorter",
    "Addressing Machine Operator",
    "Addressograph Operator",
    "Advertising Inserter"
  ],
  "tasks": [
    {
      "text": "Wrap packages or bundles by hand, or by using tying machines.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.ap"
    },
    {
      "text": "Weigh packages or letters to determine postage needed, using weighing scales and rate charts.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.3.a"
    },
    {
      "text": "Verify that items are addressed correctly, marked with the proper postage, and in suitable condition for processing.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.3.a"
    },
    {
      "text": "Inspect mail machine output for defects and determine how to eliminate causes of any defects.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.2.f"
    },
    {
      "text": "Remove containers of sorted mail or parcels and transfer them to designated areas according to established procedures.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.1.f"
    },
    {
      "text": "Sort and route incoming mail, and collect outgoing mail, using carts as necessary.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.2.b"
    },
    {
      "text": "Remove from machines printed materials, such as labeled articles, postmarked envelopes or tape, and folded sheets.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.1.f"
    },
    {
      "text": "Affix postage to packages or letters by hand, or stamp materials, using postage meters.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.c.1.e"
    },
    {
      "text": "Determine manner in which mail is to be sent, and prepare it for delivery to mailing facilities.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.g"
    },
    {
      "text": "Release packages or letters to customers upon presentation of written notices or other identification.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.1.q"
    },
    {
      "text": "Operate computer-controlled keyboards or voice recognition equipment to direct items according to established routing schemes.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.1.e"
    },
    {
      "text": "Accept and check containers of mail or parcels from large volume mailers, couriers, and contractors.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.c.1.e"
    }
  ],
  "emergingTasks": [],
  "activities": [
    {
      "name": "Prepare outgoing mail.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.c.1.e"
    },
    {
      "name": "Verify shipping documentation.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.3.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Attach identification information to products, items or containers.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.1.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sort mail.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.2.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Maintain office equipment in proper operating condition.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.5.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Route mail to correct destinations.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.c.1.e"
    },
    {
      "name": "Weigh parcels to determine shipping costs.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.3.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Analyze shipping information to make routing decisions.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.g"
    },
    {
      "name": "Unload materials or equipment.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.1.f"
    },
    {
      "name": "Package objects for shipping.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.ap"
    },
    {
      "name": "Monitor equipment operation to ensure proper functioning.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.2.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Read work orders to determine material or setup requirements.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.1.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Send information, materials or documentation.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.c.1.e"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inspect items for damage or defects.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.2.f"
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordinate shipping activities with external parties.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.4.j"
    },
    {
      "name": "Operate computers or computerized equipment.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.1.e"
    },
    {
      "name": "Adjust office equipment to ensure proper operation.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.i"
    },
    {
      "name": "Receive shipments.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.c.1.e"
    },
    {
      "name": "Obtain written authorization to perform activities.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.1.q"
    },
    {
      "name": "Explain regulations, policies, or procedures.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.a.1.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sell products or services.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.a.6.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Collect deposits, payments or fees.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.c.3.d"
    }
  ],
  "capabilities": [
    {
      "name": "Customer and Personal Service",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.85
    },
    {
      "name": "Near Vision",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.38
    },
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.36
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Category Flexibility",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Manual Dexterity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Finger Dexterity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Recognition",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Speaking",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Monitoring",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Management",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Expression",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Problem Sensitivity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Arm-Hand Steadiness",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 2.97
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Listening",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Writing",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordination",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Operations Monitoring",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Operation and Control",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Judgment and Decision Making",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Expression",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Perceptual Speed",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Selective Attention",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Static Strength",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Far Vision",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Clarity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Social Perceptiveness",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Trunk Strength",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Service Orientation",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Control Precision",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Multilimb Coordination",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Law and Government",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 2.55
    },
    {
      "name": "Education and Training",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 2.54
    }
  ],
  "skills": [
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Outlook",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Excel",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Recognition",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Finger Dexterity",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Management",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Word",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Windows",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft PowerPoint",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Access",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Adobe Acrobat",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Writing",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Listening",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Social Perceptiveness",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Visualization",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Complex Problem Solving",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Learning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Analysis",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Learning Strategies",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Depth Perception",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Instructing",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Email Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Equipment Maintenance",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Negotiation",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Telecommunications",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Foreign Language",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Equipment Selection",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Psychology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Geography",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Physics",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chemistry",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Biology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Presentation Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Installation",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    }
  ],
  "tools": [
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Excel",
      "category": "Spreadsheet software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Office software",
      "category": "Office suite software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Outlook",
      "category": "Electronic mail software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Adobe Acrobat",
      "category": "Document management software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Access",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft PowerPoint",
      "category": "Presentation software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Windows",
      "category": "Operating system software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Word",
      "category": "Word processing software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Email software",
      "category": "Electronic mail software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Financial accounting software",
      "category": "Accounting software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Postal Explorer",
      "category": "Mailing and shipping software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Recordkeeping software",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Web browser software",
      "category": "Internet browser software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    }
  ],
  "workContext": [
    {
      "name": "Indoors, Environmentally Controlled",
      "value": 4.97
    },
    {
      "name": "Telephone Conversations",
      "value": 4.86
    },
    {
      "name": "E-Mail",
      "value": 4.72
    },
    {
      "name": "Frequency of Decision Making",
      "value": 4.7
    },
    {
      "name": "Contact With Others",
      "value": 4.63
    },
    {
      "name": "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams",
      "value": 4.49
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate",
      "value": 4.48
    },
    {
      "name": "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals",
      "value": 4.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team",
      "value": 4.34
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls",
      "value": 4.29
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks",
      "value": 4.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Pressure",
      "value": 4.11
    },
    {
      "name": "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results",
      "value": 4.1
    },
    {
      "name": "Freedom to Make Decisions",
      "value": 4.04
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions",
      "value": 3.98
    },
    {
      "name": "Physical Proximity",
      "value": 3.9
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Standing",
      "value": 3.84
    },
    {
      "name": "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers",
      "value": 3.73
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Letters and Memos",
      "value": 3.66
    },
    {
      "name": "Deal With External Customers or the Public in General",
      "value": 3.64
    },
    {
      "name": "Consequence of Error",
      "value": 3.46
    },
    {
      "name": "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People",
      "value": 3.41
    },
    {
      "name": "Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment",
      "value": 3.41
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities",
      "value": 3.39
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Sitting",
      "value": 3.26
    },
    {
      "name": "Health and Safety of Other Workers",
      "value": 3.2
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Walking or Running",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Degree of Automation",
      "value": 2.96
    },
    {
      "name": "Level of Competition",
      "value": 2.96
    },
    {
      "name": "Conflict Situations",
      "value": 2.81
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable",
      "value": 2.39
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Contaminants",
      "value": 2.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled",
      "value": 2.09
    },
    {
      "name": "Public Speaking",
      "value": 2.04
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling",
      "value": 1.95
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions",
      "value": 1.82
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Hazardous Equipment",
      "value": 1.77
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures",
      "value": 1.74
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance",
      "value": 1.61
    }
  ],
  "preparation": {
    "jobZone": "2",
    "jobZoneName": "Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed",
    "education": "Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not.",
    "experience": "Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training.",
    "svpRange": "(Below 6.0)",
    "educationDistribution": [
      {
        "label": "Associate's Degree (or other 2-year degree)",
        "percentage": 6.17
      }
    ]
  },
  "personFit": [
    {
      "name": "Conventional",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 6.46
    },
    {
      "name": "Office Work",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 6.33
    },
    {
      "name": "Realistic",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 4.01
    },
    {
      "name": "Physical/Manual Labor",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 3.45
    },
    {
      "name": "Dependability",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 2.16
    },
    {
      "name": "Enterprising",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 2.14
    },
    {
      "name": "Attention to Detail",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 2.11
    },
    {
      "name": "Social",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 2.01
    },
    {
      "name": "Transportation/Machine Operation",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.56
    },
    {
      "name": "Personal Service",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.46
    },
    {
      "name": "Mechanics/Electronics",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.32
    },
    {
      "name": "Human Resources",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.32
    },
    {
      "name": "Accounting",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.3
    },
    {
      "name": "Management/Administration",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.26
    },
    {
      "name": "Integrity",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 1.15
    },
    {
      "name": "Sales",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 1.12
    }
  ],
  "relatedRoles": [
    {
      "socCode": "43-5051.00",
      "slug": "role-43-5051-00",
      "title": "Postal Service Clerks",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "43-5053.00",
      "slug": "role-43-5053-00",
      "title": "Postal Service Mail Sorters, Processors, and Processing Machine Operators",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "43-5071.00",
      "slug": "role-43-5071-00",
      "title": "Shipping, Receiving, and Inventory Clerks",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "43-5052.00",
      "slug": "role-43-5052-00",
      "title": "Postal Service Mail Carriers",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "43-5021.00",
      "slug": "role-43-5021-00",
      "title": "Couriers and Messengers",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "43-9021.00",
      "slug": "role-43-9021-00",
      "title": "Data Entry Keyers",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "53-7065.00",
      "slug": "role-53-7065-00",
      "title": "Stockers and Order Fillers",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "43-9071.00",
      "slug": "role-43-9071-00",
      "title": "Office Machine Operators, Except Computer",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "53-7062.00",
      "slug": "role-53-7062-00",
      "title": "Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "43-4151.00",
      "slug": "role-43-4151-00",
      "title": "Order Clerks",
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