# Desktop Publishers

> Format typescript and graphic elements using computer software to produce publication-ready material.
- **Entity Type:** role
- **Schema Version:** role.v1
- **Soc Code:** 43-9031.00
- **Summary:** Format typescript and graphic elements using computer software to produce publication-ready material.

## Aliases

- Compositor
- Computer Typesetter
- Electronic Console Display Operator
- Publisher
- Advertising Associate
- Design Editor
- Desktop Operator
- Desktop Publishing Specialist
- Electronic Imager
- Electronic Publishing Specialist
- Computer Compositor
- Computer Publisher

## Tasks

| Text | Type | Iwa |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Operate desktop publishing software and equipment to design, lay out, and produce camera-ready copy. | Core | 4.A.3.b.1.f |
| Position text and art elements from a variety of databases in a visually appealing way to design print or web pages, using knowledge of type styles and size and layout patterns. | Core | 4.A.3.b.1.f |
| Check preliminary and final proofs for errors and make necessary corrections. | Core | 4.A.2.a.3.a |
| View monitors for visual representation of work in progress and for instructions and feedback throughout process, making modifications as necessary. | Core | 4.A.1.a.2.b |
| Enter text into computer keyboard and select the size and style of type, column width, and appropriate spacing for printed materials. | Core | 4.A.3.b.1.f |
| Prepare sample layouts for approval, using computer software. | Core | 4.A.3.b.1.f |
| Import text and art elements, such as electronic clip art or electronic files from photographs that have been scanned or produced with a digital camera, using computer software. | Core | 4.A.3.b.1.e |
| Transmit, deliver, or mail publication master to printer for production into film and plates. | Supplemental | 4.A.3.a.1.j |
| Study layout or other design instructions to determine work to be done and sequence of operations. | Core | 4.A.1.a.1.b |
| Collaborate with graphic artists, editors and writers to produce master copies according to design specifications. | Supplemental | 4.A.4.a.2.c |
| Select number of colors and determine color separations. | Core | 4.A.2.b.1.j |
| Convert various types of files for printing or for the Internet, using computer software. | Core | 4.A.3.b.1.f |

## Emerging Tasks


## Activities

| Name | Iwa |
| --- | --- |
| Proofread documents, records, or other files to ensure accuracy. | 4.A.2.a.3.a |
| Format digital documents, data, or images. | 4.A.3.b.1.f |
| Monitor operational quality or safety. | 4.A.1.a.2.b |
| Enter information into databases or software programs. | 4.A.3.b.1.f |
| Store records or related materials. | 4.A.3.a.2.ak |
| Operate computers or computerized equipment. | 4.A.3.b.1.e |
| Read work orders to determine material or setup requirements. | 4.A.1.a.1.b |
| Select resources needed to accomplish tasks. | 4.A.2.b.1.j |
| Deliver items. | 4.A.3.a.1.j |
| Send information, materials or documentation. | 4.A.4.c.1.e |
| Confer with coworkers to coordinate work activities. | 4.A.4.a.2.c |

## Capabilities

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Near Vision | ability | 4.12 |
| Information Ordering | ability | 4 |
| Computers and Electronics | knowledge | 3.96 |
| Originality | ability | 3.88 |
| Visualization | ability | 3.88 |
| Reading Comprehension | essential_skill | 3.75 |
| Critical Thinking | essential_skill | 3.75 |
| Written Comprehension | ability | 3.75 |
| Fluency of Ideas | ability | 3.75 |
| Judgment and Decision Making | transferable_skill | 3.62 |
| Oral Comprehension | ability | 3.62 |
| Written Expression | ability | 3.62 |
| Problem Sensitivity | ability | 3.62 |
| Category Flexibility | ability | 3.62 |
| Visual Color Discrimination | ability | 3.62 |
| Communications and Media | knowledge | 3.61 |
| Active Listening | essential_skill | 3.5 |
| Speaking | essential_skill | 3.5 |
| Deductive Reasoning | ability | 3.5 |
| Perceptual Speed | ability | 3.5 |
| English Language | knowledge | 3.39 |
| Writing | essential_skill | 3.12 |
| Complex Problem Solving | transferable_skill | 3.12 |
| Time Management | transferable_skill | 3.12 |
| Oral Expression | ability | 3.12 |
| Selective Attention | ability | 3.12 |
| Speech Recognition | ability | 3.12 |
| Speech Clarity | ability | 3.12 |
| Active Learning | essential_skill | 3 |
| Monitoring | essential_skill | 3 |
| Social Perceptiveness | transferable_skill | 3 |
| Inductive Reasoning | ability | 3 |
| Flexibility of Closure | ability | 3 |
| Far Vision | ability | 3 |
| Learning Strategies | essential_skill | 2.88 |
| Coordination | transferable_skill | 2.88 |
| Service Orientation | transferable_skill | 2.88 |
| Operations Analysis | transferable_skill | 2.88 |
| Management of Personnel Resources | transferable_skill | 2.88 |
| Administrative | knowledge | 2.83 |

## Skills

| Name | Type |
| --- | --- |
| Information Ordering | Specialized Skill |
| Visualization | Specialized Skill |
| Reading Comprehension | Common Skill |
| Critical Thinking | Common Skill |
| Deductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Adobe Photoshop | Specialized Skill |
| Active Listening | Common Skill |
| English Language | Common Skill |
| Writing | Common Skill |
| Time Management | Common Skill |
| Speech Recognition | Specialized Skill |
| Complex Problem Solving | Common Skill |
| Unix | Specialized Skill |
| Social Perceptiveness | Common Skill |
| MySQL | Specialized Skill |
| Microsoft Word | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Windows | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Visio | Specialized Skill |
| Microsoft SharePoint | Specialized Skill |
| Microsoft Project | Specialized Skill |
| Microsoft PowerPoint | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Outlook | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Excel | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Access | Specialized Skill |
| JQuery | Specialized Skill |
| Inductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Adobe InDesign | Specialized Skill |
| Adobe Illustrator | Specialized Skill |
| Adobe After Effects | Specialized Skill |
| Adobe Acrobat | Specialized Skill |
| Active Learning | Common Skill |
| Learning Strategies | Specialized Skill |
| Systems Analysis | Specialized Skill |
| Instructing | Specialized Skill |
| Finger Dexterity | Common Skill |
| Negotiation | Common Skill |
| Mathematics | Common Skill |
| Ulead Photoimpact | Specialized Skill |
| Microsoft Publisher | Specialized Skill |
| Mapping Software | Specialized Skill |

## Tools

| Example | Category | Hot | In Demand |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Adobe Photoshop | Graphics or photo imaging software | yes | yes |
| Adobe Acrobat | Document management software | yes | no |
| Adobe After Effects | Video creation and editing software | yes | no |
| Adobe Creative Cloud software | Graphics or photo imaging software | yes | no |
| Adobe Illustrator | Graphics or photo imaging software | yes | no |
| Adobe InDesign | Desktop publishing software | yes | no |
| Apple macOS | Operating system software | yes | no |
| Cascading style sheets CSS | Web platform development software | yes | no |
| Extensible markup language XML | Enterprise application integration software | yes | no |
| Hypertext markup language HTML | Web platform development software | yes | no |
| JavaScript | Web platform development software | yes | no |
| jQuery | Web platform development software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Access | Data base user interface and query software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Excel | Spreadsheet software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Office software | Office suite software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Outlook | Electronic mail software | yes | no |
| Microsoft PowerPoint | Presentation software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Project | Project management software | yes | no |
| Microsoft SharePoint | Document management software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Visio | Process mapping and design software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Visual Basic | Development environment software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Windows | Operating system software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Word | Word processing software | yes | no |
| MySQL | Data base management system software | yes | no |
| Oracle Java | Object or component oriented development software | yes | no |
| Perl | Object or component oriented development software | yes | no |
| PHP | Web platform development software | yes | no |
| Python | Object or component oriented development software | yes | no |
| Salesforce software | Customer relationship management CRM software | yes | no |
| SAP software | Enterprise resource planning ERP software | yes | no |
| UNIX | Operating system software | yes | no |
| Actuate DocBook | Web page creation and editing software | no | no |
| Adobe ActionScript | Object or component oriented development software | no | no |
| Adobe Dreamweaver | Web page creation and editing software | no | no |
| Adobe FrameMaker | Desktop publishing software | no | no |
| Adobe FreeHand MX | Graphics or photo imaging software | no | no |
| Adobe LiveMotion | Graphics or photo imaging software | no | no |
| Adobe PageMaker | Desktop publishing software | no | no |
| Adobe PostScript | Development environment software | no | no |
| AlgoLab Raster to Vector Conversion Toolkit | Data conversion software | no | no |

## Work Context

| Name | Value |
| --- | --- |
| E-Mail | 5 |
| Indoors, Environmentally Controlled | 4.76 |
| Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams | 4.69 |
| Spend Time Sitting | 4.63 |
| Time Pressure | 4.52 |
| Importance of Being Exact or Accurate | 4.43 |
| Contact With Others | 4.14 |
| Telephone Conversations | 4.06 |
| Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals | 4.04 |
| Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team | 3.9 |
| Freedom to Make Decisions | 3.9 |
| Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls | 3.75 |
| Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions | 3.55 |
| Importance of Repeating Same Tasks | 3.26 |
| Frequency of Decision Making | 3.14 |
| Deal With External Customers or the Public in General | 3.08 |
| Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities | 3.06 |
| Physical Proximity | 3.02 |
| Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable | 2.9 |
| Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results | 2.9 |
| Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers | 2.66 |
| Conflict Situations | 2.5 |
| Written Letters and Memos | 2.39 |
| Level of Competition | 2.31 |
| Consequence of Error | 2.28 |
| Degree of Automation | 2.24 |
| Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People | 2.1 |
| Health and Safety of Other Workers | 1.7 |
| Exposed to Contaminants | 1.64 |
| Spend Time Standing | 1.55 |
| Spend Time Walking or Running | 1.52 |
| Public Speaking | 1.51 |
| In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment | 1.51 |
| Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions | 1.48 |
| Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment | 1.45 |
| Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures | 1.34 |
| Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions | 1.23 |
| Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body | 1.19 |
| Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings | 1.17 |
| Exposed to Hazardous Equipment | 1.14 |

## Preparation

- **Job Zone:** 3
- **Job Zone Name:** Job Zone Three: Medium Preparation Needed
- **Education:** Most occupations in this zone require training in vocational schools, related on-the-job experience, or an associate's degree.
- **Experience:** Previous work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is required for these occupations. For example, an electrician must have completed three or four years of apprenticeship or several years of vocational training, and often must have passed a licensing exam, in order to perform the job.
- **Svp Range:** (6.0 to < 7.0)

### Education Distribution

| Label | Percentage |
| --- | --- |
| Bachelor's Degree | 38.7 |
| Associate's Degree (or other 2-year degree) | 11.14 |
| Post-Secondary Certificate | 4.86 |
| Some College Courses | 1 |

## Person Fit

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Conventional | career_interest_type | 5.7 |
| Applied Arts and Design | specific_interest_area | 4.99 |
| Artistic | career_interest_type | 4.24 |
| Visual Arts | specific_interest_area | 4.06 |
| Media | specific_interest_area | 4.05 |
| Information Technology | specific_interest_area | 3.7 |
| Realistic | career_interest_type | 3.38 |
| Office Work | specific_interest_area | 3.38 |
| Investigative | career_interest_type | 2.84 |
| Attention to Detail | work_style | 2.77 |
| Marketing/Advertising | specific_interest_area | 2.46 |
| Dependability | work_style | 2.22 |
| Creative Writing | specific_interest_area | 1.76 |
| Enterprising | career_interest_type | 1.71 |
| Social | career_interest_type | 1.69 |
| Humanities | specific_interest_area | 1.57 |

## Related Roles

| Soc Code | Slug | Title | Tier |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 51-5111.00 | role-51-5111-00 | Prepress Technicians and Workers | Primary-Short |
| 27-1024.00 | role-27-1024-00 | Graphic Designers | Primary-Short |
| 43-9081.00 | role-43-9081-00 | Proofreaders and Copy Markers | Primary-Short |
| 15-1255.00 | role-15-1255-00 | Web and Digital Interface Designers | Primary-Short |
| 27-1014.00 | role-27-1014-00 | Special Effects Artists and Animators | Primary-Short |
| 27-4032.00 | role-27-4032-00 | Film and Video Editors | Primary-Long |
| 43-9071.00 | role-43-9071-00 | Office Machine Operators, Except Computer | Primary-Long |
| 15-1254.00 | role-15-1254-00 | Web Developers | Primary-Long |
| 27-3041.00 | role-27-3041-00 | Editors | Primary-Long |
| 15-1299.01 | role-15-1299-01 | Web Administrators | Primary-Long |
| 27-3042.00 | role-27-3042-00 | Technical Writers | Supplemental |
| 15-1251.00 | role-15-1251-00 | Computer Programmers | Supplemental |

## Career Clusters

| Cluster | Slug |
| --- | --- |
| Management & Entrepreneurship | management-entrepreneurship |

## Education Level

- **Category:** Associate's degree

## Study Programs

| Title | Slug |
| --- | --- |
| Communications Technologies/Technicians and Support Services | communications-technologies-technicians-and-support-services |

## Market

- **Median Wage:** 53620
- **Mean Wage:** 60250
- **Pct10Wage:** 34650
- **Pct25Wage:** 42680
- **Pct75Wage:** 71990
- **Pct90Wage:** 92880
- **Employment:** 4000
- **Area Title:** U.S.

## Industries


### Top

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Median Wage | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 51 | 51 | Information | Sector | 1950 | 51850 | 25.85 |
| 54 | 54 | Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services | Sector | 620 | 53730 | 2.22 |
| 513110 | 513110 | Newspaper Publishers | National industry | 550 | 47860 | 233.92 |
| 61 | 61 | Educational Services | Sector | 250 | 52350 | 0.71 |
| 56 | 56 | Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services | Sector | 230 | 58090 | 0.98 |
| 31-33 | 31-33 | Manufacturing | Sector | 190 | 51500 | 0.57 |
| 55 | 55 | Management of Companies and Enterprises | Sector | 130 | 59120 | 1.78 |
| 81 | 81 | Other Services (except Public Administration) | Sector | 120 | 34690 | 1.05 |
| 42 | 42 | Wholesale Trade | Sector | 110 | 46740 | 0.7 |
| 52 | 52 | Finance and Insurance | Sector | 100 | 42850 | 0.62 |
| 62 | 62 | Health Care and Social Assistance | Sector | 60 | 57290 |  |
| 44-45 | 44-45 | Retail Trade | Sector | 50 | 43970 |  |

### Concentrated

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 513110 | 513110 | Newspaper Publishers | National industry | 550 | 233.92 |
| 51 | 51 | Information | Sector | 1950 | 25.85 |
| 54 | 54 | Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services | Sector | 620 | 2.22 |
| 55 | 55 | Management of Companies and Enterprises | Sector | 130 | 1.78 |
| 81 | 81 | Other Services (except Public Administration) | Sector | 120 | 1.05 |
| 56 | 56 | Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services | Sector | 230 | 0.98 |
| 61 | 61 | Educational Services | Sector | 250 | 0.71 |
| 42 | 42 | Wholesale Trade | Sector | 110 | 0.7 |
- **Count:** 13

## Ai Signals

| Source | Label | Score | Scale | Release |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| frey_osborne | Computerization probability | 0.16 | 0-1 probability | 2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot |
| felten_aioe | AI occupational exposure | 0.3437743 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |
| felten_image_generation_aioe | Image generation occupational exposure | 1.838704 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |
| felten_language_modeling_aioe | Language modeling occupational exposure | -0.0650455 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |

## Ai Outlook


### Index

- **Value:** 79
- **Percentile:** 81
- **Band:** High
- **Version:** ai-exposure-index-v1

#### Components

| Percentile | Source |
| --- | --- |
| 57 | felten_aioe |
| 89 | openai_gpts_are_gpts |
| 90 | microsoft_working_with_ai |
- **Component Count:** 3

### Exposure

| Source | Label | Value | Percentile | Band | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| felten_aioe | Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.) | 0.3437743 | 57 | Moderate | How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss. |
| eloundou_gamma | LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou) | 0.967741935483871 | 89 | High | Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank. |
| microsoft_applicability | AI assistant applicability (Microsoft) | 0.3107367491781907 | 90 | High | How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement. |

### Frey Historical

- **Source:** frey
- **Label:** Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)
- **Value:** 0.16
- **Percentile:** 32
- **Band:** Low
- **Note:** A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking.
- **Teleworkable:** yes

### Eloundou

- **Alpha:** 0.3225806451612903
- **Beta:** 0.6451612903225806
- **Gamma:** 0.967741935483871

### Usage Tasks

| Task | Usage Percent | Importance |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Operate desktop publishing software and equipment to design, lay out, and produce camera-ready copy. | 0.06378153642634414 | 4.75 |
| Enter text into computer keyboard and select the size and style of type, column width, and appropriate spacing for printed materials. | 0.03707751151354305 | 4.38 |
| Position text and art elements from a variety of databases in a visually appealing way to design print or web pages, using knowledge of type styles and size and layout patterns. | 0.03225024547161362 | 4.47 |
| Collaborate with graphic artists, editors and writers to produce master copies according to design specifications. | 0.018898233015213078 | 4.17 |
| Convert various types of files for printing or for the Internet, using computer software. | 0.014173674761409807 | 4.01 |
| Edit graphics and photos, using pixel or bitmap editing, airbrushing, masking, or image retouching. | 0.007394960745083378 | 3.88 |
- **Usage Release:** 2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2

### Bls

- **Growth Percent:** -12.4
- **Growth Percentile:** 4
- **Direction:** Declining
- **Annual Openings Thousands:** 0.4
- **Annual Openings Percentile:** 6
- **Employment2024Thousands:** 5
- **Employment2034Thousands:** 4.4

### Sources

| Source | Version |
| --- | --- |
| bls_employment_projections | 2024-2034 |
| dingel_neiman | dingel-neiman-workathome |
| felten_aioe | felten-raj-seamans-aioe |
| frey_osborne | frey-osborne-automation |
| microsoft_working_with_ai | working-with-ai |
| openai_gpts_are_gpts | gpts-are-gpts |

## Ai Playbook

- **Trusted Task Count:** 7
- **Task Count:** 7
- **Total Sample:** 1329
- **Autonomy Median:** 3
- **Dominant Collaboration:** task iteration
- **Automation Share:** 46.73
- **Augmentation Share:** 46.43
- **Work Use Percent:** 44.47

### Collaboration

| Label | Percent |
| --- | --- |
| task iteration | 46.43 |
| directive | 43.64 |
| feedback loop | 3.09 |

### Use Case

| Label | Percent |
| --- | --- |
| personal | 48.76 |
| work | 44.47 |
| coursework | 4.44 |

### Delegated Tasks

| Task | Usage Percent | Collaboration | Autonomy Median | Sample Count |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Position text and art elements from a variety of databases in a visually appealing way to design print or web pages, using knowledge of type styles and size and layout patterns. | 0.045305663207900984 | task iteration | 4 | 453 |
| Operate desktop publishing software and equipment to design, lay out, and produce camera-ready copy. | 0.042905363170396296 | task iteration | 3 | 429 |
| Enter text into computer keyboard and select the size and style of type, column width, and appropriate spacing for printed materials. | 0.018902362795349417 | directive | 3 | 189 |
| Edit graphics and photos, using pixel or bitmap editing, airbrushing, masking, or image retouching. | 0.009201150143767971 | task iteration | 3.5 | 92 |
| Import text and art elements, such as electronic clip art or electronic files from photographs that have been scanned or produced with a digital camera, using computer software. | 0.00750093761720215 | directive | 4 | 75 |
| Collaborate with graphic artists, editors and writers to produce master copies according to design specifications. | 0.005000625078134767 | task iteration | 3 | 50 |
| Convert various types of files for printing or for the Internet, using computer software. | 0.004100512564070509 | directive | 3 | 41 |

### Boundary Tasks

| Task | Human Needed Percent | Sample Count |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Import text and art elements, such as electronic clip art or electronic files from photographs that have been scanned or produced with a digital camera, using computer software. | 97.33333333333334 | 75 |
| Enter text into computer keyboard and select the size and style of type, column width, and appropriate spacing for printed materials. | 94.70899470899471 | 189 |
| Collaborate with graphic artists, editors and writers to produce master copies according to design specifications. | 94 | 50 |
| Edit graphics and photos, using pixel or bitmap editing, airbrushing, masking, or image retouching. | 92.3913043478261 | 92 |
| Operate desktop publishing software and equipment to design, lay out, and produce camera-ready copy. | 88.11188811188812 | 429 |
| Convert various types of files for printing or for the Internet, using computer software. | 80.48780487804879 | 41 |

### Seed Prompts

| Prompt | Collaboration |
| --- | --- |
| Let's work through this together, step by step: position text and art elements from a variety of databases in a visually appealing way to design print or web pages, using knowledge of type styles and size and layout patterns. I'll give feedback as we go. | task iteration |
| Let's work through this together, step by step: operate desktop publishing software and equipment to design, lay out, and produce camera-ready copy. I'll give feedback as we go. | task iteration |
| Do this for me: enter text into computer keyboard and select the size and style of type, column width, and appropriate spacing for printed materials. Give me a finished draft I can review and adjust. | directive |
| Let's work through this together, step by step: edit graphics and photos, using pixel or bitmap editing, airbrushing, masking, or image retouching. I'll give feedback as we go. | task iteration |
| Do this for me: import text and art elements, such as electronic clip art or electronic files from photographs that have been scanned or produced with a digital camera, using computer software. Give me a finished draft I can review and adjust. | directive |
- **Release:** 2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2

## Counts

- **Tasks:** 18
- **Skills:** 62
- **Capabilities:** 120
- **Tools:** 89
- **Related Roles:** 20

## Source

- **Dataset:** gold.onet_role_starter_surface
- **Version:** 30.3
- **Generated At:** 2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00
- **Content Hash:** 99bac9b1d75ffd40