entityType = "role"
schemaVersion = "role.v1"
slug = "role-43-5021-00"
socCode = "43-5021.00"
title = "Couriers and Messengers"
summary = "Pick up and deliver messages, documents, packages, and other items between offices or departments within an establishment or directly to other business concerns, traveling by foot, bicycle, motorcycle, automobile, or public conveyance."
aliases = ["Courier", "Driver", "Laboratory Courier", "Messenger", "Mail Carrier", "Mailroom Courier", "Security Messenger", "Transporter", "Vehicle Delivery Worker", "Bank Courier", "Bank Messenger", "Bank Runner"]
emergingTasks = []
studyPrograms = []

[preparation]
jobZone = "2"
jobZoneName = "Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed"
education = "Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not."
experience = "Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training."
svpRange = "(Below 6.0)"

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "High School Diploma"
percentage = 74.33

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Associate's Degree (or other 2-year degree)"
percentage = 13.07

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Post-Secondary Certificate"
percentage = 9.32

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Less than a High School Diploma"
percentage = 3.28

[educationLevel]
category = "High school diploma or equivalent"
slug = "high-school-diploma-or-equivalent"

[market]
medianWage = 38340
meanWage = 40060
pct10Wage = 29880
pct25Wage = 35130
pct75Wage = 44630
pct90Wage = 50590
employment = 71920
areaTitle = "U.S."

[industries]
count = 30

[[industries.top]]
naics = "62"
slug = "62"
title = "Health Care and Social Assistance"
level = "Sector"
employment = 26380
medianWage = 39020
lq = 2.45

[[industries.top]]
naics = "48-49"
slug = "48-49"
title = "Transportation and Warehousing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 20100
medianWage = 38460
lq = 5.83

[[industries.top]]
naics = "54"
slug = "54"
title = "Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 6810
medianWage = 35060
lq = 1.36

[[industries.top]]
naics = "56"
slug = "56"
title = "Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 3710
medianWage = 38590
lq = 0.88

[[industries.top]]
naics = "55"
slug = "55"
title = "Management of Companies and Enterprises"
level = "Sector"
employment = 2610
medianWage = 38590
lq = 1.99

[[industries.top]]
naics = "44-45"
slug = "44-45"
title = "Retail Trade"
level = "Sector"
employment = 2370
medianWage = 31870
lq = 0.33

[[industries.top]]
naics = "52"
slug = "52"
title = "Finance and Insurance"
level = "Sector"
employment = 2330
medianWage = 36040
lq = 0.8

[[industries.top]]
naics = "61"
slug = "61"
title = "Educational Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 1370
medianWage = 40110
lq = 0.22

[[industries.top]]
naics = "541380"
slug = "541380"
title = "Testing Laboratories and Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 1310
medianWage = 38950
lq = 16.48

[[industries.top]]
naics = "456110"
slug = "456110"
title = "Pharmacies and Drug Retailers"
level = "National industry"
employment = 930
medianWage = 33330
lq = 2.81

[[industries.top]]
naics = "31-33"
slug = "31-33"
title = "Manufacturing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 780
medianWage = 36300
lq = 0.13

[[industries.top]]
naics = "53"
slug = "53"
title = "Real Estate and Rental and Leasing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 700
medianWage = 36910
lq = 0.63

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "541380"
slug = "541380"
title = "Testing Laboratories and Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 1310
lq = 16.48

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "48-49"
slug = "48-49"
title = "Transportation and Warehousing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 20100
lq = 5.83

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "456110"
slug = "456110"
title = "Pharmacies and Drug Retailers"
level = "National industry"
employment = 930
lq = 2.81

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "62"
slug = "62"
title = "Health Care and Social Assistance"
level = "Sector"
employment = 26380
lq = 2.45

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "55"
slug = "55"
title = "Management of Companies and Enterprises"
level = "Sector"
employment = 2610
lq = 1.99

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "54"
slug = "54"
title = "Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 6810
lq = 1.36

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "56"
slug = "56"
title = "Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 3710
lq = 0.88

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "52"
slug = "52"
title = "Finance and Insurance"
level = "Sector"
employment = 2330
lq = 0.8

[aiOutlook]
teleworkable = true
usageRelease = "2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2"

[aiOutlook.index]
value = 32
percentile = 30
band = "Low"
version = "ai-exposure-index-v1"
componentCount = 3

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 19
source = "felten_aioe"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 37
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 41
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"

[aiOutlook.freyHistorical]
source = "frey"
label = "Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)"
value = 0.94
percentile = 86
band = "High"
note = "A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking."

[aiOutlook.eloundou]
alpha = 0.24137931034482757
beta = 0.3103448275862069
gamma = 0.3793103448275862

[aiOutlook.bls]
growthPercent = 8.2
growthPercentile = 88
direction = "Growing fast"
annualOpeningsThousands = 27.9
annualOpeningsPercentile = 83
employment2024Thousands = 247.2
employment2034Thousands = 267.6

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.)"
value = -0.9591126
percentile = 19
band = "Low"
note = "How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "eloundou_gamma"
label = "LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou)"
value = 0.3793103448275862
percentile = 37
band = "Moderate"
note = "Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "microsoft_applicability"
label = "AI assistant applicability (Microsoft)"
value = 0.1254205354195634
percentile = 41
band = "Moderate"
note = "How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement."

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Plan and follow the most efficient routes for delivering goods."
usagePercent = 0.012119518998886646
importance = 4.23

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "bls_employment_projections"
version = "2024-2034"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "dingel_neiman"
version = "dingel-neiman-workathome"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "felten_aioe"
version = "felten-raj-seamans-aioe"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "frey_osborne"
version = "frey-osborne-automation"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"
version = "working-with-ai"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"
version = "gpts-are-gpts"

[aiPlaybook]
trustedTaskCount = 1
taskCount = 1
totalSample = 189
autonomyMedian = 3
dominantCollaboration = "task iteration"
automationShare = 37.57
augmentationShare = 50.26
workUsePercent = 11.11
release = "2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2"

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "task iteration"
percent = 50.26

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "directive"
percent = 37.57

[[aiPlaybook.useCase]]
label = "personal"
percent = 88.36

[[aiPlaybook.useCase]]
label = "work"
percent = 11.11

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Plan and follow the most efficient routes for delivering goods."
usagePercent = 0.018902362795349417
collaboration = "task iteration"
autonomyMedian = 3
sampleCount = 189

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Plan and follow the most efficient routes for delivering goods."
humanNeededPercent = 98.4126984126984
sampleCount = 189

[[aiPlaybook.seedPrompts]]
prompt = "Let's work through this together, step by step: plan and follow the most efficient routes for delivering goods. I'll give feedback as we go."
collaboration = "task iteration"

[counts]
tasks = 15
skills = 34
capabilities = 120
tools = 5
relatedRoles = 20

[source]
dataset = "gold.onet_role_starter_surface"
version = "30.3"
generatedAt = "2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00"
contentHash = "6675b221e268252a"

[[tasks]]
text = "Deliver and pick up medical records, lab specimens, and medications to and from hospitals and other medical facilities."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.j"

[[tasks]]
text = "Obtain signatures and payments, or arrange for recipients to make payments."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.q"

[[tasks]]
text = "Record information, such as items received and delivered and recipients' responses to messages."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.h"

[[tasks]]
text = "Receive messages or materials to be delivered, and information on recipients, such as names, addresses, telephone numbers, and delivery instructions, communicated via telephone, two-way radio, or in person."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.2.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Load vehicles with listed goods, ensuring goods are loaded correctly and taking precautions with hazardous goods."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.f"

[[tasks]]
text = "Walk, ride bicycles, drive vehicles, or use public conveyances to reach destinations to deliver messages or materials."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.4.a"

[[tasks]]
text = "Sort items to be delivered according to the delivery route."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.a.2.b"

[[tasks]]
text = "Deliver messages and items, such as newspapers, documents, and packages, between establishment departments and to other establishments and private homes."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.j"

[[tasks]]
text = "Unload and sort items collected along delivery routes."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.f"

[[tasks]]
text = "Plan and follow the most efficient routes for delivering goods."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.a.4.g"

[[tasks]]
text = "Check with home offices after completed deliveries to confirm deliveries and collections and to receive instructions for other deliveries."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.2.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Collect, seal, and stamp outgoing mail, using postage meters and envelope sealers."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.4.c.1.e"

[[activities]]
name = "Deliver items."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.j"

[[activities]]
name = "Operate vehicles or material-moving equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.4.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Load materials or equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Unload materials or equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Relay information between personnel."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.2.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Analyze shipping information to make routing decisions."
iwa = "4.A.2.a.4.g"

[[activities]]
name = "Sort mail."
iwa = "4.A.2.a.2.b"

[[activities]]
name = "Obtain written authorization to perform activities."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.q"

[[activities]]
name = "Record shipping information."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.h"

[[activities]]
name = "Confer with coworkers to coordinate work activities."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.2.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Maintain mechanical equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.5.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Provide notifications to customers or patrons."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.3.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Operate office equipment."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.3.a"

[[activities]]
name = "File documents or records."
iwa = "4.A.4.c.1.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Prepare outgoing mail."
iwa = "4.A.4.c.1.e"

[[capabilities]]
name = "Customer and Personal Service"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.81

[[capabilities]]
name = "Transportation"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.8

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "English Language"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.49

[[capabilities]]
name = "Active Listening"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speaking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Time Management"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Written Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Multilimb Coordination"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Near Vision"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Far Vision"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Written Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Problem Sensitivity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Information Ordering"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Category Flexibility"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Manual Dexterity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Finger Dexterity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Clarity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Writing"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Service Orientation"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Perceptual Speed"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Arm-Hand Steadiness"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Control Precision"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Response Orientation"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Depth Perception"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Judgment and Decision Making"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Selective Attention"
family = "ability"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Time Sharing"
family = "ability"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Static Strength"
family = "ability"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Trunk Strength"
family = "ability"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Monitoring"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 2.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 2.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Coordination"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 2.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Spatial Orientation"
family = "ability"
value = 2.75

[[skills]]
name = "English Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Time Management"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Listening"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Information Ordering"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Finger Dexterity"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Writing"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Word"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Outlook"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Excel"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Depth Perception"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Learning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Mathematics"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Visualization"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Geography"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Negotiation"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Learning Strategies"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Systems Analysis"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Instructing"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Telecommunications"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Equipment Maintenance"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Chemistry"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Psychology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Physics"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Equipment Selection"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Biology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Foreign Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Installation"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Excel"
category = "Spreadsheet software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Office software"
category = "Office suite software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Outlook"
category = "Electronic mail software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Word"
category = "Word processing software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Route mapping software"
category = "Route navigation software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[workContext]]
name = "Telephone Conversations"
value = 4.96

[[workContext]]
name = "Freedom to Make Decisions"
value = 4.79

[[workContext]]
name = "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams"
value = 4.72

[[workContext]]
name = "Time Pressure"
value = 4.71

[[workContext]]
name = "Contact With Others"
value = 4.69

[[workContext]]
name = "E-Mail"
value = 4.42

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Sitting"
value = 4.23

[[workContext]]
name = "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals"
value = 4.15

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate"
value = 4.14

[[workContext]]
name = "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team"
value = 4.11

[[workContext]]
name = "In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment"
value = 4.07

[[workContext]]
name = "Indoors, Environmentally Controlled"
value = 3.93

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Disease or Infections"
value = 3.92

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Contaminants"
value = 3.81

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions"
value = 3.7

[[workContext]]
name = "Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions"
value = 3.65

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls"
value = 3.64

[[workContext]]
name = "Health and Safety of Other Workers"
value = 3.52

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks"
value = 3.48

[[workContext]]
name = "Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets"
value = 3.47

[[workContext]]
name = "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers"
value = 3.44

[[workContext]]
name = "Frequency of Decision Making"
value = 3.44

[[workContext]]
name = "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People"
value = 3.42

[[workContext]]
name = "Deal With External Customers or the Public in General"
value = 3.37

[[workContext]]
name = "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results"
value = 3.33

[[workContext]]
name = "Written Letters and Memos"
value = 3.14

[[workContext]]
name = "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities"
value = 3.01

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions"
value = 3.01

[[workContext]]
name = "Conflict Situations"
value = 2.98

[[workContext]]
name = "Level of Competition"
value = 2.98

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable"
value = 2.86

[[workContext]]
name = "Physical Proximity"
value = 2.81

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures"
value = 2.76

[[workContext]]
name = "Consequence of Error"
value = 2.73

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings"
value = 2.69

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Walking or Running"
value = 2.68

[[workContext]]
name = "Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled"
value = 2.49

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Standing"
value = 2.43

[[workContext]]
name = "Degree of Automation"
value = 2.37

[[workContext]]
name = "Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People"
value = 2.35

[[personFit]]
name = "Transportation/Machine Operation"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 5.39

[[personFit]]
name = "Conventional"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 5.07

[[personFit]]
name = "Realistic"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 4.47

[[personFit]]
name = "Physical/Manual Labor"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 4.42

[[personFit]]
name = "Social"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 2.96

[[personFit]]
name = "Enterprising"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 2.86

[[personFit]]
name = "Health Care Service"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 2.72

[[personFit]]
name = "Dependability"
family = "work_style"
value = 2.56

[[personFit]]
name = "Personal Service"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.91

[[personFit]]
name = "Attention to Detail"
family = "work_style"
value = 1.84

[[personFit]]
name = "Integrity"
family = "work_style"
value = 1.73

[[personFit]]
name = "Office Work"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.61

[[personFit]]
name = "Medical Science"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.51

[[personFit]]
name = "Athletics"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.41

[[personFit]]
name = "Life Science"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.4

[[personFit]]
name = "Mechanics/Electronics"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.38

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "43-5052.00"
slug = "role-43-5052-00"
title = "Postal Service Mail Carriers"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "53-3033.00"
slug = "role-53-3033-00"
title = "Light Truck Drivers"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "43-9051.00"
slug = "role-43-9051-00"
title = "Mail Clerks and Mail Machine Operators, Except Postal Service"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "43-5051.00"
slug = "role-43-5051-00"
title = "Postal Service Clerks"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "43-5071.00"
slug = "role-43-5071-00"
title = "Shipping, Receiving, and Inventory Clerks"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "53-3031.00"
slug = "role-53-3031-00"
title = "Driver/Sales Workers"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "43-5053.00"
slug = "role-43-5053-00"
title = "Postal Service Mail Sorters, Processors, and Processing Machine Operators"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "43-5032.00"
slug = "role-43-5032-00"
title = "Dispatchers, Except Police, Fire, and Ambulance"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "43-5011.00"
slug = "role-43-5011-00"
title = "Cargo and Freight Agents"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "39-6011.00"
slug = "role-39-6011-00"
title = "Baggage Porters and Bellhops"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "53-7065.00"
slug = "role-53-7065-00"
title = "Stockers and Order Fillers"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "53-3032.00"
slug = "role-53-3032-00"
title = "Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Supply Chain & Transportation"
slug = "supply-chain-transportation"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "frey_osborne"
label = "Computerization probability"
score = 0.94
scale = "0-1 probability"
release = "2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "AI occupational exposure"
score = -0.9591126
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_image_generation_aioe"
label = "Image generation occupational exposure"
score = -0.8782806
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_language_modeling_aioe"
label = "Language modeling occupational exposure"
score = -0.92241
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"
