# Court, Municipal, and License Clerks

> Perform clerical duties for courts of law, municipalities, or governmental licensing agencies and bureaus. May prepare docket of cases to be called; secure information for judges and court; prepare draft agendas or bylaws for town or city council; answer official correspondence; keep fiscal records and accounts; issue licenses or permits; and record data, administer tests, or collect fees.
- **Entity Type:** role
- **Schema Version:** role.v1
- **Soc Code:** 43-4031.00
- **Summary:** Perform clerical duties for courts of law, municipalities, or governmental licensing agencies and bureaus. May prepare docket of cases to be called; secure information for judges and court; prepare draft agendas or bylaws for town or city council; answer official correspondence; keep fiscal records and accounts; issue licenses or permits; and record data, administer tests, or collect fees.

## Aliases

- City Clerk
- Court Clerk
- License Clerk
- Town Clerk
- City Recorder
- License Specialist
- Motor Vehicle Field Representative (MVFR)
- Motor Vehicle Licensing Clerk
- Municipal Clerk
- Permits Specialist
- Agent Licensing Clerk
- Animal Control Licensing Worker

## Tasks

| Text | Type | Iwa |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Evaluate information on applications to verify completeness and accuracy and to determine whether applicants are qualified to obtain desired licenses. | Core | 4.A.2.a.2.a |
| Perform administrative tasks, such as answering telephone calls, filing court documents, or maintaining office supplies or equipment. | Core | 4.A.3.b.5.a |
| Verify the authenticity of documents, such as foreign identification or immigration documents. | Core | 4.A.2.a.3.a |
| Record and edit the minutes of meetings and distribute to appropriate officials or staff members. | Core | 4.A.3.b.6.h |
| Question applicants to obtain required information, such as name, address, or age, and record data on prescribed forms. | Core | 4.A.1.a.1.w |
| Issue public notification of all official activities or meetings. | Core | 4.A.3.b.6.m |
| Record and maintain all vital and fiscal records and accounts. | Core | 4.A.3.b.6.j |
| Record case dispositions, court orders, or arrangements made for payment of court fees. | Core | 4.A.3.b.6.b |
| Answer questions or provide advice to the public regarding licensing policies, procedures, or regulations. | Core | 4.A.4.a.1.b |
| Prepare meeting agendas or packets of related information. | Core | 4.A.3.b.6.l |
| Examine legal documents submitted to courts for adherence to laws or court procedures. | Core | 4.A.2.a.3.a |
| Participate in the administration of municipal elections, such as preparation or distribution of ballots, appointment or training of election officers, or tabulation or certification of results. | Supplemental | 4.A.4.b.4.j |

## Emerging Tasks


## Activities

| Name | Iwa |
| --- | --- |
| Verify accuracy of financial or transactional data. | 4.A.2.a.2.a |
| Examine documents to verify adherence to requirements. | 4.A.2.a.3.a |
| Record information from meetings or other formal proceedings. | 4.A.3.b.6.h |
| Distribute materials to employees or customers. | 4.A.4.c.3.c |
| Interview employees, customers, or others to collect information. | 4.A.1.a.1.w |
| Prepare documentation for contracts, transactions, or regulatory compliance. | 4.A.3.b.6.m |
| Maintain financial or account records. | 4.A.3.b.6.j |
| Explain regulations, policies, or procedures. | 4.A.4.a.1.b |
| Prepare informational or reference materials. | 4.A.3.b.6.l |
| Prepare legal documents. | 4.A.3.b.6.n |
| Code data or other information. | 4.A.3.b.1.f |
| Record information about legal matters. | 4.A.3.b.6.b |
| Analyze financial information. | 4.A.2.a.4.k |
| Search files, databases or reference materials to obtain needed information. | 4.A.1.a.1.d |
| Proofread documents, records, or other files to ensure accuracy. | 4.A.2.a.3.a |
| Schedule appointments. | 4.A.2.b.5.c |
| Issue documentation or identification to customers or employees. | 4.A.4.c.1.d |
| Maintain office equipment in proper operating condition. | 4.A.3.b.5.a |
| Answer telephones to direct calls or provide information. | 4.A.4.a.3.c |
| Provide information to the general public. | 4.A.4.a.3.b |
| Communicate with government agencies. | 4.A.4.b.1.c |
| Coordinate operational activities. | 4.A.4.b.4.j |
| Train personnel. | 4.A.4.b.3.d |
| Perform administrative or clerical tasks. | 4.A.4.c.1.a |
| Issue certificates or licenses. | 4.A.4.c.1.d |
| Collect deposits, payments or fees. | 4.A.4.c.3.d |
| Manage clerical or administrative activities. | 4.A.4.b.4.j |
| Coordinate legal schedules or activities. | 4.A.4.b.4.l |

## Capabilities

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Customer and Personal Service | knowledge | 4.47 |
| Administrative | knowledge | 4.3 |
| Law and Government | knowledge | 4.1 |
| English Language | knowledge | 4.05 |
| Oral Comprehension | ability | 3.88 |
| Oral Expression | ability | 3.75 |
| Active Listening | essential_skill | 3.62 |
| Speaking | essential_skill | 3.62 |
| Near Vision | ability | 3.62 |
| Written Comprehension | ability | 3.5 |
| Speech Recognition | ability | 3.5 |
| Administration and Management | knowledge | 3.46 |
| Computers and Electronics | knowledge | 3.4 |
| Reading Comprehension | essential_skill | 3.38 |
| Writing | essential_skill | 3.38 |
| Written Expression | ability | 3.38 |
| Problem Sensitivity | ability | 3.38 |
| Deductive Reasoning | ability | 3.38 |
| Information Ordering | ability | 3.38 |
| Speech Clarity | ability | 3.38 |
| Critical Thinking | essential_skill | 3.25 |
| Social Perceptiveness | transferable_skill | 3.25 |
| Inductive Reasoning | ability | 3.25 |
| Service Orientation | transferable_skill | 3.12 |
| Time Management | transferable_skill | 3.12 |
| Category Flexibility | ability | 3.12 |
| Monitoring | essential_skill | 3 |
| Coordination | transferable_skill | 3 |
| Judgment and Decision Making | transferable_skill | 3 |
| Mathematics | knowledge | 2.89 |
| Complex Problem Solving | transferable_skill | 2.88 |
| Flexibility of Closure | ability | 2.88 |
| Selective Attention | ability | 2.88 |
| Personnel and Human Resources | knowledge | 2.83 |
| Management of Personnel Resources | transferable_skill | 2.75 |
| Wrist-Finger Speed | ability | 2.75 |
| Public Safety and Security | knowledge | 2.73 |
| Economics and Accounting | knowledge | 2.68 |
| Education and Training | knowledge | 2.63 |
| Active Learning | essential_skill | 2.62 |

## Skills

| Name | Type |
| --- | --- |
| English Language | Common Skill |
| Active Listening | Common Skill |
| Speech Recognition | Specialized Skill |
| Microsoft Word | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Outlook | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Excel | Common Skill |
| Writing | Common Skill |
| Reading Comprehension | Common Skill |
| Information Ordering | Specialized Skill |
| Deductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Social Perceptiveness | Common Skill |
| Inductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Critical Thinking | Common Skill |
| Time Management | Common Skill |
| Microsoft PowerPoint | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Access | Specialized Skill |
| Adobe Acrobat | Specialized Skill |
| Mathematics | Common Skill |
| Complex Problem Solving | Common Skill |
| Active Learning | Common Skill |
| Systems Analysis | Specialized Skill |
| Learning Strategies | Specialized Skill |
| Instructing | Specialized Skill |
| Telecommunications | Specialized Skill |
| Negotiation | Common Skill |
| Finger Dexterity | Common Skill |
| Psychology | Specialized Skill |
| LexisNexis | Specialized Skill |
| IBM Notes | Specialized Skill |
| Email Software | Specialized Skill |
| Visualization | Specialized Skill |
| Foreign Language | Common Skill |
| Geography | Specialized Skill |
| Equipment Selection | Specialized Skill |
| Equipment Maintenance | Specialized Skill |
| Biology | Specialized Skill |
| Physics | Specialized Skill |
| Chemistry | Specialized Skill |
| Project Management Software | Specialized Skill |
| Presentation Software | Specialized Skill |

## Tools

| Example | Category | Hot | In Demand |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Microsoft Excel | Spreadsheet software | yes | yes |
| Microsoft Office software | Office suite software | yes | yes |
| Microsoft Outlook | Electronic mail software | yes | yes |
| Microsoft Word | Word processing software | yes | yes |
| Adobe Acrobat | Document management software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Access | Data base user interface and query software | yes | no |
| Microsoft PowerPoint | Presentation software | yes | no |
| Zoom | Video conferencing software | yes | no |
| Abilis CORIS Offender Management System | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| Corel WordPerfect Office Suite | Office suite software | no | no |
| Data Technologies Summit | Data base reporting software | no | no |
| Email software | Electronic mail software | no | no |
| IBM Judicial Enforcement Management System JEMS | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| IBM Notes | Electronic mail software | no | no |
| LexisNexis | Information retrieval or search software | no | no |
| Spreadsheet applications | Spreadsheet software | no | no |
| Syscon Court Clerk | Project management software | no | no |
| Thomson Reuters Westlaw | Information retrieval or search software | no | no |
| Work scheduling software | Calendar and scheduling software | no | no |

## Work Context

| Name | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Telephone Conversations | 4.85 |
| Contact With Others | 4.79 |
| Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams | 4.74 |
| E-Mail | 4.65 |
| Deal With External Customers or the Public in General | 4.41 |
| Importance of Being Exact or Accurate | 4.36 |
| Written Letters and Memos | 4.24 |
| Spend Time Sitting | 4.24 |
| Importance of Repeating Same Tasks | 4.24 |
| Indoors, Environmentally Controlled | 4.21 |
| Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals | 4.21 |
| Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team | 4.2 |
| Time Pressure | 4.08 |
| Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People | 3.88 |
| Freedom to Make Decisions | 3.88 |
| Frequency of Decision Making | 3.63 |
| Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions | 3.53 |
| Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results | 3.49 |
| Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities | 3.44 |
| Physical Proximity | 3.27 |
| Conflict Situations | 3.2 |
| Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls | 3.04 |
| Health and Safety of Other Workers | 2.65 |
| Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers | 2.62 |
| Consequence of Error | 2.62 |
| Degree of Automation | 2.57 |
| Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable | 2.49 |
| Public Speaking | 2.34 |
| Spend Time Standing | 2.26 |
| Level of Competition | 2.05 |
| Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body | 2.04 |
| Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People | 2.02 |
| Spend Time Walking or Running | 1.81 |
| Exposed to Contaminants | 1.66 |
| Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions | 1.59 |
| Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions | 1.46 |
| Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment | 1.43 |
| Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling | 1.41 |
| Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures | 1.31 |
| Exposed to Disease or Infections | 1.29 |

## Preparation

- **Job Zone:** 2
- **Job Zone Name:** Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed
- **Education:** Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not.
- **Experience:** Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training.
- **Svp Range:** (Below 6.0)

### Education Distribution

| Label | Percentage |
| --- | --- |
| High School Diploma | 49.97 |
| Some College Courses | 17.69 |
| Associate's Degree (or other 2-year degree) | 13.12 |
| Bachelor's Degree | 10.38 |
| First Professional Degree | 3.4 |
| Less than a High School Diploma | 2.52 |
| Post-Secondary Certificate | 2.44 |
| Post-Baccalaureate Certificate | 0.48 |

## Person Fit

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Office Work | specific_interest_area | 6.5 |
| Conventional | career_interest_type | 6.16 |
| Enterprising | career_interest_type | 4.24 |
| Law | specific_interest_area | 4.2 |
| Dependability | work_style | 4 |
| Social | career_interest_type | 3.52 |
| Accounting | specific_interest_area | 3.39 |
| Management/Administration | specific_interest_area | 3 |
| Attention to Detail | work_style | 3 |
| Integrity | work_style | 2.36 |
| Personal Service | specific_interest_area | 2.17 |
| Cautiousness | work_style | 2.03 |
| Human Resources | specific_interest_area | 2 |
| Realistic | career_interest_type | 1.97 |
| Finance | specific_interest_area | 1.97 |
| Investigative | career_interest_type | 1.91 |

## Related Roles

| Soc Code | Slug | Title | Tier |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 43-6012.00 | role-43-6012-00 | Legal Secretaries and Administrative Assistants | Primary-Short |
| 13-1041.00 | role-13-1041-00 | Compliance Officers | Primary-Short |
| 43-9061.00 | role-43-9061-00 | Office Clerks, General | Primary-Short |
| 23-2011.00 | role-23-2011-00 | Paralegals and Legal Assistants | Primary-Short |
| 23-2093.00 | role-23-2093-00 | Title Examiners, Abstractors, and Searchers | Primary-Short |
| 43-6014.00 | role-43-6014-00 | Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive | Primary-Long |
| 43-4021.00 | role-43-4021-00 | Correspondence Clerks | Primary-Long |
| 43-6011.00 | role-43-6011-00 | Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistants | Primary-Long |
| 43-9041.00 | role-43-9041-00 | Insurance Claims and Policy Processing Clerks | Primary-Long |
| 43-4171.00 | role-43-4171-00 | Receptionists and Information Clerks | Primary-Long |
| 23-1012.00 | role-23-1012-00 | Judicial Law Clerks | Supplemental |
| 27-3092.00 | role-27-3092-00 | Court Reporters and Simultaneous Captioners | Supplemental |

## Career Clusters

| Cluster | Slug |
| --- | --- |
| Public Service & Safety | public-service-safety |

## Education Level

- **Category:** High school diploma or equivalent

## Study Programs


## Market

- **Median Wage:** 47700
- **Mean Wage:** 51200
- **Pct10Wage:** 34860
- **Pct25Wage:** 39730
- **Pct75Wage:** 59590
- **Pct90Wage:** 72370
- **Employment:** 170010
- **Area Title:** U.S.

## Industries


### Top

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Median Wage | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 56 | 56 | Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services | Sector | 1830 | 33530 | 0.18 |
| 54 | 54 | Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services | Sector | 400 | 37280 | 0.03 |
| 44-45 | 44-45 | Retail Trade | Sector | 130 | 41100 | 0.01 |
| 81 | 81 | Other Services (except Public Administration) | Sector | 130 | 45640 | 0.03 |
| 62 | 62 | Health Care and Social Assistance | Sector | 110 | 34410 | 0 |
| 561320 | 561320 | Temporary Help Services | National industry |  | 33950 |  |

### Concentrated

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 56 | 56 | Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services | Sector | 1830 | 0.18 |
| 54 | 54 | Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services | Sector | 400 | 0.03 |
| 81 | 81 | Other Services (except Public Administration) | Sector | 130 | 0.03 |
| 44-45 | 44-45 | Retail Trade | Sector | 130 | 0.01 |
| 62 | 62 | Health Care and Social Assistance | Sector | 110 | 0 |
- **Count:** 6

## Ai Signals

| Source | Label | Score | Scale | Release |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| frey_osborne | Computerization probability | 0.46 | 0-1 probability | 2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot |
| felten_aioe | AI occupational exposure | 1.166267 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |
| felten_image_generation_aioe | Image generation occupational exposure | 0.2678987 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |
| felten_language_modeling_aioe | Language modeling occupational exposure | 1.3362 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |

## Ai Outlook


### Index

- **Value:** 83
- **Percentile:** 88
- **Band:** High
- **Version:** ai-exposure-index-v1

#### Components

| Percentile | Source |
| --- | --- |
| 82 | felten_aioe |
| 89 | openai_gpts_are_gpts |
| 79 | microsoft_working_with_ai |
- **Component Count:** 3

### Exposure

| Source | Label | Value | Percentile | Band | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| felten_aioe | Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.) | 1.166267 | 82 | High | How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss. |
| eloundou_gamma | LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou) | 0.9636363636363636 | 89 | High | Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank. |
| microsoft_applicability | AI assistant applicability (Microsoft) | 0.24789159320729887 | 79 | High | How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement. |

### Frey Historical

- **Source:** frey
- **Label:** Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)
- **Value:** 0.46
- **Percentile:** 45
- **Band:** Moderate
- **Note:** A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking.
- **Teleworkable:** no

### Eloundou

- **Alpha:** 0.43636363636363634
- **Beta:** 0.7
- **Gamma:** 0.9636363636363636

### Usage Tasks

| Task | Usage Percent | Importance |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Respond to requests for information from the public, other municipalities, state officials, or state and federal legislative offices. | 0.013352012456400544 | 4.07 |
| Answer questions or provide advice to the public regarding licensing policies, procedures, or regulations. | 0.011195148905751224 | 4.55 |
| Prepare documents recording the outcomes of court proceedings. | 0.008422038626344958 | 4.4 |
| Prepare meeting agendas or packets of related information. | 0.008216623050092643 | 4.54 |
| Verify the authenticity of documents, such as foreign identification or immigration documents. | 0.007805791897588011 | 4.64 |
| Answer inquiries from the general public regarding judicial procedures, court appearances, trial dates, adjournments, outstanding warrants, summonses, subpoenas, witness fees, or payment of fines. | 0.006778714016326431 | 4.46 |
- **Usage Release:** 2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2

### Bls

- **Growth Percent:** 3
- **Growth Percentile:** 51
- **Direction:** About average
- **Annual Openings Thousands:** 18.5
- **Annual Openings Percentile:** 77
- **Employment2024Thousands:** 180.4
- **Employment2034Thousands:** 185.9

### Sources

| Source | Version |
| --- | --- |
| bls_employment_projections | 2024-2034 |
| dingel_neiman | dingel-neiman-workathome |
| felten_aioe | felten-raj-seamans-aioe |
| frey_osborne | frey-osborne-automation |
| microsoft_working_with_ai | working-with-ai |
| openai_gpts_are_gpts | gpts-are-gpts |

## Counts

- **Tasks:** 30
- **Skills:** 42
- **Capabilities:** 120
- **Tools:** 19
- **Related Roles:** 20

## Source

- **Dataset:** gold.onet_role_starter_surface
- **Version:** 30.3
- **Generated At:** 2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00
- **Content Hash:** 7788de2fb05a1277