entityType = "role"
schemaVersion = "role.v1"
slug = "role-43-3051-00"
socCode = "43-3051.00"
title = "Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks"
summary = "Compile and record employee time and payroll data. May compute employees' time worked, production, and commission. May compute and post wages and deductions, or prepare paychecks."
aliases = ["Payroll Assistant", "Payroll Clerk", "Payroll Coordinator", "Payroll Specialist", "Payroll Representative", "Payroll Technician", "Personnel Assistant", "Personnel Technician", "Timekeeper", "Accounting Assistant", "Attendance Clerk", "Bonus Clerk"]
emergingTasks = []

[preparation]
jobZone = "3"
jobZoneName = "Job Zone Three: Medium Preparation Needed"
education = "Most occupations in this zone require training in vocational schools, related on-the-job experience, or an associate's degree."
experience = "Previous work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is required for these occupations. For example, an electrician must have completed three or four years of apprenticeship or several years of vocational training, and often must have passed a licensing exam, in order to perform the job."
svpRange = "(6.0 to < 7.0)"

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Bachelor's Degree"
percentage = 31.84

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "High School Diploma"
percentage = 20.55

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Associate's Degree (or other 2-year degree)"
percentage = 17.26

[educationLevel]
category = "High school diploma or equivalent"
slug = "high-school-diploma-or-equivalent"

[market]
medianWage = 55290
meanWage = 56870
pct10Wage = 36670
pct25Wage = 45440
pct75Wage = 65750
pct90Wage = 78830
employment = 156950
areaTitle = "U.S."

[industries]
count = 58

[[industries.top]]
naics = "54"
slug = "54"
title = "Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 27300
medianWage = 49990
lq = 2.49

[[industries.top]]
naics = "56"
slug = "56"
title = "Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 19060
medianWage = 51340
lq = 2.07

[[industries.top]]
naics = "62"
slug = "62"
title = "Health Care and Social Assistance"
level = "Sector"
employment = 14120
medianWage = 53330
lq = 0.6

[[industries.top]]
naics = "23"
slug = "23"
title = "Construction"
level = "Sector"
employment = 13510
medianWage = 57360
lq = 1.63

[[industries.top]]
naics = "55"
slug = "55"
title = "Management of Companies and Enterprises"
level = "Sector"
employment = 13490
medianWage = 60260
lq = 4.72

[[industries.top]]
naics = "61"
slug = "61"
title = "Educational Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 12380
medianWage = 58080
lq = 0.89

[[industries.top]]
naics = "31-33"
slug = "31-33"
title = "Manufacturing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 7740
medianWage = 58500
lq = 0.6

[[industries.top]]
naics = "561320"
slug = "561320"
title = "Temporary Help Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 7620
medianWage = 48750
lq = 2.82

[[industries.top]]
naics = "44-45"
slug = "44-45"
title = "Retail Trade"
level = "Sector"
employment = 7210
medianWage = 49960
lq = 0.45

[[industries.top]]
naics = "48-49"
slug = "48-49"
title = "Transportation and Warehousing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 5940
medianWage = 52390
lq = 0.79

[[industries.top]]
naics = "52"
slug = "52"
title = "Finance and Insurance"
level = "Sector"
employment = 5040
medianWage = 55880
lq = 0.8

[[industries.top]]
naics = "42"
slug = "42"
title = "Wholesale Trade"
level = "Sector"
employment = 4560
medianWage = 55050
lq = 0.74

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "55"
slug = "55"
title = "Management of Companies and Enterprises"
level = "Sector"
employment = 13490
lq = 4.72

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "11"
slug = "11"
title = "Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting"
level = "Sector"
employment = 1590
lq = 3.69

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "561320"
slug = "561320"
title = "Temporary Help Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 7620
lq = 2.82

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "54"
slug = "54"
title = "Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 27300
lq = 2.49

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "56"
slug = "56"
title = "Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 19060
lq = 2.07

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "238290"
slug = "238290"
title = "Other Building Equipment Contractors"
level = "National industry"
employment = 320
lq = 2.05

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "237130"
slug = "237130"
title = "Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction"
level = "National industry"
employment = 460
lq = 1.93

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "238140"
slug = "238140"
title = "Masonry Contractors"
level = "National industry"
employment = 270
lq = 1.85

[aiOutlook]
teleworkable = true
usageRelease = "2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2"

[aiOutlook.index]
value = 84
percentile = 89
band = "High"
version = "ai-exposure-index-v1"
componentCount = 3

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 84
source = "felten_aioe"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 95
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 73
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"

[aiOutlook.freyHistorical]
source = "frey"
label = "Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)"
value = 0.97
percentile = 94
band = "High"
note = "A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking."

[aiOutlook.eloundou]
alpha = 0.6756756756756757
beta = 0.8378378378378379
gamma = 1

[aiOutlook.bls]
growthPercent = -16.7
growthPercentile = 2
direction = "Declining"
annualOpeningsThousands = 13
annualOpeningsPercentile = 68
employment2024Thousands = 161.1
employment2034Thousands = 134.2

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.)"
value = 1.257632
percentile = 84
band = "High"
note = "How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "eloundou_gamma"
label = "LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou)"
value = 1
percentile = 95
band = "High"
note = "Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "microsoft_applicability"
label = "AI assistant applicability (Microsoft)"
value = 0.21831860902913588
percentile = 73
band = "High"
note = "How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement."

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Provide information to employees and managers on payroll matters, tax issues, benefit plans, and collective agreement provisions."
usagePercent = 0.011297856693877383
importance = 4.01

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Compute wages and deductions, and enter data into computers."
usagePercent = 0.0038001881606678474
importance = 4.69

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Issue and record adjustments to pay related to previous errors or retroactive increases."
usagePercent = 0.0016433246100185286
importance = 4.55

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "bls_employment_projections"
version = "2024-2034"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "dingel_neiman"
version = "dingel-neiman-workathome"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "felten_aioe"
version = "felten-raj-seamans-aioe"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "frey_osborne"
version = "frey-osborne-automation"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"
version = "working-with-ai"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"
version = "gpts-are-gpts"

[aiPlaybook]
trustedTaskCount = 2
taskCount = 3
totalSample = 183
autonomyMedian = 3.5
dominantCollaboration = "directive"
automationShare = 40.76
augmentationShare = 52.86
workUsePercent = 71.34
release = "2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2"

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "directive"
percent = 40.76

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "task iteration"
percent = 36.94

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "learning"
percent = 15.92

[[aiPlaybook.useCase]]
label = "work"
percent = 71.34

[[aiPlaybook.useCase]]
label = "personal"
percent = 15.92

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Provide information to employees and managers on payroll matters, tax issues, benefit plans, and collective agreement provisions."
usagePercent = 0.010401300162520315
collaboration = "task iteration"
autonomyMedian = 4
sampleCount = 104

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Compute wages and deductions, and enter data into computers."
usagePercent = 0.005300662582822853
collaboration = "directive"
autonomyMedian = 3
sampleCount = 53

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Provide information to employees and managers on payroll matters, tax issues, benefit plans, and collective agreement provisions."
humanNeededPercent = 97.11538461538461
sampleCount = 104

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Compute wages and deductions, and enter data into computers."
humanNeededPercent = 96.22641509433963
sampleCount = 53

[[aiPlaybook.seedPrompts]]
prompt = "Let's work through this together, step by step: provide information to employees and managers on payroll matters, tax issues, benefit plans, and collective agreement provisions. I'll give feedback as we go."
collaboration = "task iteration"

[[aiPlaybook.seedPrompts]]
prompt = "Do this for me: compute wages and deductions, and enter data into computers. Give me a finished draft I can review and adjust."
collaboration = "directive"

[counts]
tasks = 21
skills = 46
capabilities = 120
tools = 64
relatedRoles = 20

[source]
dataset = "gold.onet_role_starter_surface"
version = "30.3"
generatedAt = "2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00"
contentHash = "702f41b898c9d603"

[[tasks]]
text = "Verify attendance, hours worked, and pay adjustments, and post information onto designated records."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.a.2.e"

[[tasks]]
text = "Process and issue employee paychecks and statements of earnings and deductions."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.c.1.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Prepare and file payroll tax returns."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.a"

[[tasks]]
text = "Compute wages and deductions, and enter data into computers."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.b.3.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Process paperwork for new employees and enter employee information into the payroll system."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.b.1.f"

[[tasks]]
text = "Prepare and balance period-end reports, and reconcile issued payrolls to bank statements."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.a.2.d"

[[tasks]]
text = "Review time sheets, work charts, wage computation, and other information to detect and reconcile payroll discrepancies."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.a.2.e"

[[tasks]]
text = "Distribute and collect timecards each pay period."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.c.3.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Record employee information, such as exemptions, transfers, and resignations, to maintain and update payroll records."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.h"

[[tasks]]
text = "Issue and record adjustments to pay related to previous errors or retroactive increases."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.h"

[[tasks]]
text = "Compile statistical reports, statements, and summaries related to pay and benefits accounts, and submit them to appropriate departments."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.2.a.2.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Keep track of leave time, such as vacation, personal, and sick leave, for employees."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.h"

[[activities]]
name = "Enter information into databases or software programs."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.1.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Record personnel information."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.h"

[[activities]]
name = "Verify employee information."
iwa = "4.A.2.a.2.e"

[[activities]]
name = "Reconcile records of sales or other financial transactions."
iwa = "4.A.2.a.2.d"

[[activities]]
name = "Train others in operational procedures."
iwa = "4.A.4.b.3.d"

[[activities]]
name = "Prepare financial documents."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.a"

[[activities]]
name = "File documents or records."
iwa = "4.A.4.c.1.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Execute sales or other financial transactions."
iwa = "4.A.4.c.1.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Calculate financial data."
iwa = "4.A.1.b.3.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Compile data or documentation."
iwa = "4.A.2.a.2.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Maintain current knowledge related to work activities."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.3.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Provide information to coworkers."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.2.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Distribute materials to employees or customers."
iwa = "4.A.4.c.3.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Check data for recording errors."
iwa = "4.A.2.a.2.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Prepare documentation for contracts, transactions, or regulatory compliance."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.m"

[[activities]]
name = "Prepare research or technical reports."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Coordinate operational activities."
iwa = "4.A.4.b.4.j"

[[capabilities]]
name = "Administrative"
family = "knowledge"
value = 4.49

[[capabilities]]
name = "Mathematics"
family = "knowledge"
value = 4.21

[[capabilities]]
name = "English Language"
family = "knowledge"
value = 4.19

[[capabilities]]
name = "Economics and Accounting"
family = "knowledge"
value = 4.07

[[capabilities]]
name = "Personnel and Human Resources"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.9

[[capabilities]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Written Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Administration and Management"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.83

[[capabilities]]
name = "Active Listening"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Written Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Near Vision"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Mathematical Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 3.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Information Ordering"
family = "ability"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Number Facility"
family = "ability"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Mathematics"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Problem Sensitivity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Customer and Personal Service"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.21

[[capabilities]]
name = "Computers and Electronics"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.15

[[capabilities]]
name = "Writing"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speaking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Monitoring"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Service Orientation"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Selective Attention"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Clarity"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Judgment and Decision Making"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Time Management"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Category Flexibility"
family = "ability"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Perceptual Speed"
family = "ability"
value = 2.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Active Learning"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 2.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Coordination"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 2.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Flexibility of Closure"
family = "ability"
value = 2.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Communications and Media"
family = "knowledge"
value = 2.59

[[skills]]
name = "Mathematics"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "English Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Listening"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Outlook"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Excel"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Information Ordering"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Writing"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Word"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft PowerPoint"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Access"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Time Management"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Learning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "ADP Workforce Now"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Learning Strategies"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Instructing"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Systems Analysis"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Visualization"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Tax Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Netscape Navigator"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Negotiation"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Dynamics GP"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Dynamics"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "IBM Notes"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Finger Dexterity"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Email Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Psychology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Foreign Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Telecommunications"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Geography"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Biology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Presentation Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Physics"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Installation"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[tools]]
example = "Kronos Workforce Timekeeper"
category = "Time accounting software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Excel"
category = "Spreadsheet software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Office software"
category = "Office suite software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Outlook"
category = "Electronic mail software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Workday software"
category = "Enterprise resource planning ERP software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Intuit QuickBooks"
category = "Accounting software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Access"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft PowerPoint"
category = "Presentation software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Word"
category = "Word processing software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Oracle PeopleSoft"
category = "Enterprise resource planning ERP software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "SAP software"
category = "Enterprise resource planning ERP software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "ADP Workforce Now"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = false
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Oracle HRIS"
category = "Human resources software"
hot = false
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Payroll software"
category = "Human resources software"
hot = false
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "ADP Enterprise HR"
category = "Human resources software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "ADP eTIME"
category = "Time accounting software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "ADP PC/Payroll"
category = "Time accounting software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "API Navigator"
category = "Human resources software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Asure Software HCM"
category = "Time accounting software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Automated payroll software"
category = "Time accounting software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Automated timekeeping software"
category = "Time accounting software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "BMH Open4 Payroll"
category = "Time accounting software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "BSI ComplianceFactory"
category = "Compliance software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "CyberShift Workforce Management 3G Time and Attendance"
category = "Time accounting software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Data entry software"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "EBS On Line InstaPay"
category = "Time accounting software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Email software"
category = "Electronic mail software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Fund accounting software"
category = "Accounting software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Galaxy Technologies TimeStar Enterprise"
category = "Time accounting software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Human resource management software HRMS"
category = "Human resources software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Human Resource MicroSystems HR Entre"
category = "Human resources software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "IBM Cognos Impromptu"
category = "Business intelligence and data analysis software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "IBM Notes"
category = "Electronic mail software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "isolved Time"
category = "Time accounting software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Jantek Jupiter Time Attendance"
category = "Time accounting software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Kronos Workforce Payroll"
category = "Time accounting software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "MicroFocus GroupWise"
category = "Electronic mail software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Dynamics"
category = "Enterprise resource planning ERP software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Dynamics GP"
category = "Enterprise resource planning ERP software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Great Plains Personal Data Keeper"
category = "Time accounting software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate"
value = 4.91

[[workContext]]
name = "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams"
value = 4.83

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Sitting"
value = 4.79

[[workContext]]
name = "Telephone Conversations"
value = 4.69

[[workContext]]
name = "E-Mail"
value = 4.65

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks"
value = 4.57

[[workContext]]
name = "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team"
value = 4.5

[[workContext]]
name = "Indoors, Environmentally Controlled"
value = 4.43

[[workContext]]
name = "Time Pressure"
value = 4.25

[[workContext]]
name = "Written Letters and Memos"
value = 4

[[workContext]]
name = "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results"
value = 3.88

[[workContext]]
name = "Frequency of Decision Making"
value = 3.86

[[workContext]]
name = "Contact With Others"
value = 3.82

[[workContext]]
name = "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals"
value = 3.64

[[workContext]]
name = "Freedom to Make Decisions"
value = 3.49

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions"
value = 3

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls"
value = 2.98

[[workContext]]
name = "Degree of Automation"
value = 2.79

[[workContext]]
name = "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People"
value = 2.73

[[workContext]]
name = "Physical Proximity"
value = 2.7

[[workContext]]
name = "Level of Competition"
value = 2.42

[[workContext]]
name = "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities"
value = 2.36

[[workContext]]
name = "Conflict Situations"
value = 2.35

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable"
value = 2.33

[[workContext]]
name = "Deal With External Customers or the Public in General"
value = 2.29

[[workContext]]
name = "Consequence of Error"
value = 2.25

[[workContext]]
name = "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers"
value = 2.23

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Standing"
value = 1.99

[[workContext]]
name = "Public Speaking"
value = 1.88

[[workContext]]
name = "Health and Safety of Other Workers"
value = 1.81

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Walking or Running"
value = 1.63

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Contaminants"
value = 1.41

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body"
value = 1.39

[[workContext]]
name = "Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People"
value = 1.32

[[workContext]]
name = "Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment"
value = 1.32

[[workContext]]
name = "In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment"
value = 1.28

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Disease or Infections"
value = 1.23

[[workContext]]
name = "Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets"
value = 1.23

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance"
value = 1.17

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling"
value = 1.15

[[personFit]]
name = "Conventional"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 7

[[personFit]]
name = "Accounting"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 6.8

[[personFit]]
name = "Office Work"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 6.44

[[personFit]]
name = "Dependability"
family = "work_style"
value = 4

[[personFit]]
name = "Human Resources"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 3.38

[[personFit]]
name = "Enterprising"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 3.32

[[personFit]]
name = "Finance"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 3.15

[[personFit]]
name = "Attention to Detail"
family = "work_style"
value = 3

[[personFit]]
name = "Management/Administration"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 2.66

[[personFit]]
name = "Integrity"
family = "work_style"
value = 2.28

[[personFit]]
name = "Cautiousness"
family = "work_style"
value = 2.24

[[personFit]]
name = "Mathematics/Statistics"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 2.03

[[personFit]]
name = "Social"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 1.91

[[personFit]]
name = "Realistic"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 1.85

[[personFit]]
name = "Information Technology"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.74

[[personFit]]
name = "Personal Service"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 1.43

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "43-4161.00"
slug = "role-43-4161-00"
title = "Human Resources Assistants, Except Payroll and Timekeeping"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "43-3031.00"
slug = "role-43-3031-00"
title = "Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "43-1011.00"
slug = "role-43-1011-00"
title = "First-Line Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "43-3021.00"
slug = "role-43-3021-00"
title = "Billing and Posting Clerks"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "43-9061.00"
slug = "role-43-9061-00"
title = "Office Clerks, General"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "43-4061.00"
slug = "role-43-4061-00"
title = "Eligibility Interviewers, Government Programs"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "11-3012.00"
slug = "role-11-3012-00"
title = "Administrative Services Managers"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "43-6014.00"
slug = "role-43-6014-00"
title = "Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "43-4041.00"
slug = "role-43-4041-00"
title = "Credit Authorizers, Checkers, and Clerks"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "43-4071.00"
slug = "role-43-4071-00"
title = "File Clerks"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "13-2011.00"
slug = "role-13-2011-00"
title = "Accountants and Auditors"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "11-3111.00"
slug = "role-11-3111-00"
title = "Compensation and Benefits Managers"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Management & Entrepreneurship"
slug = "management-entrepreneurship"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Business, Management, Marketing, and Related Support Services"
slug = "business-management-marketing-and-related-support-services"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "frey_osborne"
label = "Computerization probability"
score = 0.97
scale = "0-1 probability"
release = "2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "AI occupational exposure"
score = 1.257632
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_image_generation_aioe"
label = "Image generation occupational exposure"
score = 0.782409
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_language_modeling_aioe"
label = "Language modeling occupational exposure"
score = 1.155485
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"
