# Parking Enforcement Workers

> Patrol assigned area, such as public parking lot or city streets to issue tickets to overtime parking violators and illegally parked vehicles.
- **Entity Type:** role
- **Schema Version:** role.v1
- **Soc Code:** 33-3041.00
- **Summary:** Patrol assigned area, such as public parking lot or city streets to issue tickets to overtime parking violators and illegally parked vehicles.

## Aliases

- Parking Control Officer
- Parking Enforcement Officer (PEO)
- Parking Enforcer
- Ticket Writer
- Parking Enforcement Technician
- Parking Officer
- Parking Regulation Enforcement Officer
- Parking Technician
- Civilian Pay Technician (Civilian Pay Tech)
- Enforcement Officer
- Enforcement Safety Officer
- Meter Maid

## Tasks

| Text | Type | Iwa |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Enter and retrieve information pertaining to vehicle registration, identification, and status, using hand-held computers. | Core | 4.A.1.a.1.d |
| Patrol an assigned area by vehicle or on foot to ensure public compliance with existing parking ordinance. | Core | 4.A.1.a.2.g |
| Write warnings and citations for illegally parked vehicles. | Core | 4.A.4.c.1.d |
| Appear in court at hearings regarding contested traffic citations. | Core | 4.A.4.a.3.a |
| Respond to and make radio dispatch calls regarding parking violations and complaints. | Core | 4.A.4.a.2.g |
| Maintain assigned equipment and supplies, such as hand-held citation computers, citation books, rain gear, tire-marking chalk, and street cones. | Core | 4.A.4.c.3.a |
| Maintain close communications with dispatching personnel, using two-way radios or cell phones. | Core | 4.A.4.a.2.g |
| Perform simple vehicle maintenance procedures, such as checking oil and gas, and report mechanical problems to supervisors. | Core | 4.A.4.a.2.g |
| Observe and report hazardous conditions, such as missing traffic signals or signs, and street markings that need to be repainted. | Core | 4.A.1.a.2.i |
| Identify vehicles in violation of parking codes, checking with dispatchers when necessary to confirm identities or to determine whether vehicles need to be booted or towed. | Core | 4.A.1.a.2.g |
| Train new or temporary staff. | Core | 4.A.4.b.3.d |
| Mark tires of parked vehicles with chalk and record time of marking, and return at regular intervals to ensure that parking time limits are not exceeded. | Supplemental | 4.A.1.a.2.b |

## Emerging Tasks

| Text |
| --- |
| Perform traffic control duties such as setting up barricades and temporary signs, placing bags on parking meters to limit their use, or directing traffic or pedestrians. |

## Activities

| Name | Iwa |
| --- | --- |
| Patrol properties to maintain safety. | 4.A.1.a.2.g |
| Relay information about incidents or emergencies to personnel using phones or two-way radios. | 4.A.4.a.2.g |
| Issue warnings or citations. | 4.A.4.c.1.d |
| Monitor vehicle movement or location. | 4.A.1.a.2.b |
| Train employees in proper work procedures. | 4.A.4.b.3.d |
| Locate suspicious objects or vehicles. | 4.A.1.a.2.g |
| Communicate situation details to appropriate personnel. | 4.A.4.a.2.g |
| Monitor environmental conditions to detect hazards. | 4.A.1.a.2.i |
| Investigate transportation incidents, violations, or complaints. | 4.A.1.a.1.u |
| Relay information between personnel. | 4.A.4.a.2.c |
| Respond to customer problems or complaints. | 4.A.4.a.8.c |
| Maintain supply or equipment inventories. | 4.A.4.c.3.a |
| Inform the public about policies, services or procedures. | 4.A.4.a.1.b |
| Testify at legal or legislative proceedings. | 4.A.4.a.3.a |
| Confiscate prohibited or dangerous items. | 4.A.3.a.1.k |
| Block physical access to restricted areas. | 4.A.3.a.1.k |
| Direct vehicle traffic. | 4.A.3.a.2.r |
| Assist motorists or pedestrians. | 4.A.4.a.5.j |
| Use databases to locate investigation details or other information. | 4.A.1.a.1.d |
| Collect deposits, payments or fees. | 4.A.4.c.3.d |
| Maintain operational records. | 4.A.3.b.6.h |
| Maintain mechanical equipment. | 4.A.3.b.5.a |
| Evaluate employee performance. | 4.A.2.a.1.d |

## Capabilities

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| English Language | knowledge | 3.77 |
| Public Safety and Security | knowledge | 3.73 |
| Oral Expression | ability | 3.62 |
| Speech Clarity | ability | 3.38 |
| Law and Government | knowledge | 3.29 |
| Speaking | essential_skill | 3.25 |
| Monitoring | essential_skill | 3.25 |
| Oral Comprehension | ability | 3.25 |
| Information Ordering | ability | 3.25 |
| Near Vision | ability | 3.25 |
| Computers and Electronics | knowledge | 3.14 |
| Active Listening | essential_skill | 3.12 |
| Critical Thinking | essential_skill | 3.12 |
| Social Perceptiveness | transferable_skill | 3.12 |
| Written Expression | ability | 3.12 |
| Problem Sensitivity | ability | 3.12 |
| Far Vision | ability | 3.12 |
| Speech Recognition | ability | 3.12 |
| Education and Training | knowledge | 3.09 |
| Reading Comprehension | essential_skill | 3 |
| Coordination | transferable_skill | 3 |
| Service Orientation | transferable_skill | 3 |
| Time Management | transferable_skill | 3 |
| Written Comprehension | ability | 3 |
| Deductive Reasoning | ability | 3 |
| Inductive Reasoning | ability | 3 |
| Perceptual Speed | ability | 3 |
| Selective Attention | ability | 3 |
| Control Precision | ability | 3 |
| Writing | essential_skill | 2.88 |
| Active Learning | essential_skill | 2.88 |
| Instructing | transferable_skill | 2.88 |
| Judgment and Decision Making | transferable_skill | 2.88 |
| Category Flexibility | ability | 2.88 |
| Trunk Strength | ability | 2.88 |
| Visual Color Discrimination | ability | 2.88 |
| Psychology | knowledge | 2.76 |
| Persuasion | transferable_skill | 2.75 |
| Negotiation | transferable_skill | 2.75 |
| Complex Problem Solving | transferable_skill | 2.75 |

## Skills

| Name | Type |
| --- | --- |
| English Language | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Excel | Common Skill |
| Information Ordering | Specialized Skill |
| Speech Recognition | Specialized Skill |
| Social Perceptiveness | Common Skill |
| Critical Thinking | Common Skill |
| Active Listening | Common Skill |
| Time Management | Common Skill |
| Reading Comprehension | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Word | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Windows | Common Skill |
| Microsoft PowerPoint | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Outlook | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Access | Specialized Skill |
| Inductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Deductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Writing | Common Skill |
| Instructing | Specialized Skill |
| Active Learning | Common Skill |
| Psychology | Specialized Skill |
| Negotiation | Common Skill |
| Finger Dexterity | Common Skill |
| Depth Perception | Common Skill |
| Complex Problem Solving | Common Skill |
| Foreign Language | Common Skill |
| Mathematics | Common Skill |
| Physics | Specialized Skill |
| Learning Strategies | Specialized Skill |
| Equipment Maintenance | Specialized Skill |
| Telecommunications | Specialized Skill |
| Visualization | Specialized Skill |
| Systems Analysis | Specialized Skill |
| Geography | Specialized Skill |
| Biology | Specialized Skill |
| Chemistry | Specialized Skill |
| Equipment Selection | Specialized Skill |
| Presentation Software | Specialized Skill |
| Installation | Specialized Skill |

## Tools

| Example | Category | Hot | In Demand |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Microsoft Excel | Spreadsheet software | yes | yes |
| Microsoft Access | Data base user interface and query software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Office software | Office suite software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Outlook | Electronic mail software | yes | no |
| Microsoft PowerPoint | Presentation software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Windows | Operating system software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Word | Word processing software | yes | no |
| Complus Data Innovations FastTrack | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| Integrated Parking Solutions MApp | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| Ticket issuing software | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| Vehicle information databases | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| Web browser software | Internet browser software | no | no |

## Work Context

| Name | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions | 4.98 |
| Frequency of Decision Making | 4.87 |
| Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls | 4.68 |
| In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment | 4.63 |
| Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People | 4.47 |
| Deal With External Customers or the Public in General | 4.45 |
| Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team | 4.11 |
| Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams | 4.09 |
| Importance of Being Exact or Accurate | 4.01 |
| Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures | 4 |
| Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions | 3.97 |
| Contact With Others | 3.92 |
| Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results | 3.84 |
| Freedom to Make Decisions | 3.74 |
| Conflict Situations | 3.73 |
| Spend Time Sitting | 3.49 |
| Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals | 3.47 |
| Importance of Repeating Same Tasks | 3.45 |
| Spend Time Walking or Running | 3.38 |
| Exposed to Contaminants | 3.29 |
| Spend Time Standing | 3.22 |
| Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities | 3.16 |
| Health and Safety of Other Workers | 2.95 |
| Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment | 2.94 |
| Telephone Conversations | 2.83 |
| Time Pressure | 2.83 |
| E-Mail | 2.82 |
| Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People | 2.76 |
| Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body | 2.74 |
| Exposed to Hazardous Equipment | 2.71 |
| Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions | 2.67 |
| Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable | 2.61 |
| Consequence of Error | 2.6 |
| Outdoors, Under Cover | 2.57 |
| Degree of Automation | 2.53 |
| Written Letters and Memos | 2.51 |
| Level of Competition | 2.49 |
| Physical Proximity | 2.48 |
| Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers | 2.19 |
| Indoors, Environmentally Controlled | 1.92 |

## Preparation

- **Job Zone:** 2
- **Job Zone Name:** Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed
- **Education:** Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not.
- **Experience:** Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training.
- **Svp Range:** (Below 6.0)

### Education Distribution

| Label | Percentage |
| --- | --- |
| High School Diploma | 90.61 |
| Less than a High School Diploma | 4.33 |
| Some College Courses | 1.78 |
| Post-Secondary Certificate | 1.57 |
| Bachelor's Degree | 1.43 |
| Associate's Degree (or other 2-year degree) | 0.27 |

## Person Fit

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Realistic | career_interest_type | 6.37 |
| Conventional | career_interest_type | 5.11 |
| Protective Service | specific_interest_area | 3.85 |
| Enterprising | career_interest_type | 3.25 |
| Transportation/Machine Operation | specific_interest_area | 3.06 |
| Law | specific_interest_area | 2.68 |
| Social | career_interest_type | 2.61 |
| Dependability | work_style | 2.16 |
| Physical/Manual Labor | specific_interest_area | 2.02 |
| Attention to Detail | work_style | 2.02 |
| Self-Control | work_style | 1.84 |
| Integrity | work_style | 1.79 |
| Office Work | specific_interest_area | 1.74 |
| Information Technology | specific_interest_area | 1.65 |
| Mechanics/Electronics | specific_interest_area | 1.56 |
| Management/Administration | specific_interest_area | 1.56 |

## Related Roles

| Soc Code | Slug | Title | Tier |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 53-6021.00 | role-53-6021-00 | Parking Attendants | Primary-Short |
| 33-9032.00 | role-33-9032-00 | Security Guards | Primary-Short |
| 33-3052.00 | role-33-3052-00 | Transit and Railroad Police | Primary-Short |
| 53-4031.00 | role-53-4031-00 | Railroad Conductors and Yardmasters | Primary-Short |
| 53-3053.00 | role-53-3053-00 | Shuttle Drivers and Chauffeurs | Primary-Short |
| 47-4051.00 | role-47-4051-00 | Highway Maintenance Workers | Primary-Long |
| 43-5032.00 | role-43-5032-00 | Dispatchers, Except Police, Fire, and Ambulance | Primary-Long |
| 53-6051.07 | role-53-6051-07 | Transportation Vehicle, Equipment and Systems Inspectors, Except Aviation | Primary-Long |
| 53-6041.00 | role-53-6041-00 | Traffic Technicians | Primary-Long |
| 33-9091.00 | role-33-9091-00 | Crossing Guards and Flaggers | Primary-Long |
| 53-1043.00 | role-53-1043-00 | First-Line Supervisors of Material-Moving Machine and Vehicle Operators | Supplemental |
| 53-6061.00 | role-53-6061-00 | Passenger Attendants | Supplemental |

## Career Clusters

| Cluster | Slug |
| --- | --- |
| Public Service & Safety | public-service-safety |

## Education Level

- **Category:** High school diploma or equivalent

## Study Programs


## Market

- **Median Wage:** 47150
- **Mean Wage:** 51840
- **Pct10Wage:** 35410
- **Pct25Wage:** 39930
- **Pct75Wage:** 61210
- **Pct90Wage:** 76030
- **Employment:** 7770
- **Area Title:** U.S.

## Industries


### Top

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Median Wage | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 61 | 61 | Educational Services | Sector | 850 | 41140 | 1.24 |
| 81 | 81 | Other Services (except Public Administration) | Sector | 160 | 39070 | 0.72 |
| 71 | 71 | Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation | Sector | 120 | 39430 | 0.9 |
| 56 | 56 | Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services | Sector | 80 | 39680 |  |
| 62 | 62 | Health Care and Social Assistance | Sector | 30 | 52210 |  |

### Concentrated

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 61 | 61 | Educational Services | Sector | 850 | 1.24 |
| 71 | 71 | Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation | Sector | 120 | 0.9 |
| 81 | 81 | Other Services (except Public Administration) | Sector | 160 | 0.72 |
- **Count:** 5

## Ai Signals

| Source | Label | Score | Scale | Release |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| frey_osborne | Computerization probability | 0.84 | 0-1 probability | 2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot |
| felten_aioe | AI occupational exposure | -0.6239931 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |
| felten_image_generation_aioe | Image generation occupational exposure | -0.4256193 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |
| felten_language_modeling_aioe | Language modeling occupational exposure | -0.6273561 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |

## Ai Outlook


### Index

- **Value:** 42
- **Percentile:** 40
- **Band:** Moderate
- **Version:** ai-exposure-index-v1

#### Components

| Percentile | Source |
| --- | --- |
| 31 | felten_aioe |
| 42 | openai_gpts_are_gpts |
| 52 | microsoft_working_with_ai |
- **Component Count:** 3

### Exposure

| Source | Label | Value | Percentile | Band | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| felten_aioe | Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.) | -0.6239931 | 31 | Low | How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss. |
| eloundou_gamma | LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou) | 0.4615384615384615 | 42 | Moderate | Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank. |
| microsoft_applicability | AI assistant applicability (Microsoft) | 0.15312569455254846 | 52 | Moderate | How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement. |

### Frey Historical

- **Source:** frey
- **Label:** Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)
- **Value:** 0.84
- **Percentile:** 69
- **Band:** High
- **Note:** A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking.
- **Teleworkable:** no

### Eloundou

- **Alpha:** 0.1794871794871795
- **Beta:** 0.3205128205128205
- **Gamma:** 0.4615384615384615

### Usage Tasks

| Task | Usage Percent | Importance |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Provide information to the public regarding parking regulations and facilities, and the location of streets, buildings and points of interest. | 0.0019514479743970028 | 3.81 |
- **Usage Release:** 2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2

### Bls

- **Growth Percent:** -1.5
- **Growth Percentile:** 21
- **Direction:** Declining
- **Annual Openings Thousands:** 0.7
- **Annual Openings Percentile:** 11
- **Employment2024Thousands:** 8.4
- **Employment2034Thousands:** 8.2

### Sources

| Source | Version |
| --- | --- |
| bls_employment_projections | 2024-2034 |
| dingel_neiman | dingel-neiman-workathome |
| felten_aioe | felten-raj-seamans-aioe |
| frey_osborne | frey-osborne-automation |
| microsoft_working_with_ai | working-with-ai |
| openai_gpts_are_gpts | gpts-are-gpts |

## Counts

- **Tasks:** 22
- **Skills:** 38
- **Capabilities:** 120
- **Tools:** 12
- **Related Roles:** 20

## Source

- **Dataset:** gold.onet_role_starter_surface
- **Version:** 30.3
- **Generated At:** 2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00
- **Content Hash:** 096f8383d5ccbc1c