entityType = "role"
schemaVersion = "role.v1"
slug = "role-29-1211-00"
socCode = "29-1211.00"
title = "Anesthesiologists"
summary = "Administer anesthetics and analgesics for pain management prior to, during, or after surgery."
aliases = ["Medical Doctor (MD)", "Obstetrical Anesthesiologist", "Staff Anesthesiologist", "Staff Anesthetist", "Ambulatory Anesthesiologist", "Anaesthesiologist", "Anesthesiologist", "Anesthesiology Pain Management Physician", "Anesthesiology Physician", "Anesthetist", "Cardiac Anesthesiologist", "DO Physician (Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine Physician)"]
aiSignals = []

[preparation]
jobZone = "5"
jobZoneName = "Job Zone Five: Extensive Preparation Needed"
education = "Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree)."
experience = "Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations. Many require more than five years of experience. For example, surgeons must complete four years of college and an additional five to seven years of specialized medical training to be able to do their job."
svpRange = "(8.0 and above)"

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Post-Doctoral Training"
percentage = 69.18

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Doctoral Degree"
percentage = 24.71

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "First Professional Degree"
percentage = 4.85

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Master's Degree"
percentage = 1.26

[educationLevel]
category = "Doctoral or professional degree"
slug = "doctoral-or-professional-degree"

[market]
meanWage = 336640
pct10Wage = 124450
pct25Wage = 186680
employment = 41890
areaTitle = "U.S."

[industries]
count = 2

[[industries.top]]
naics = "62"
slug = "62"
title = "Health Care and Social Assistance"
level = "Sector"
employment = 40890
lq = 6.51

[[industries.top]]
naics = "61"
slug = "61"
title = "Educational Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 680
medianWage = 217170
lq = 0.18

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "62"
slug = "62"
title = "Health Care and Social Assistance"
level = "Sector"
employment = 40890
lq = 6.51

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "61"
slug = "61"
title = "Educational Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 680
lq = 0.18

[aiOutlook]
usageRelease = "2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2"

[aiOutlook.index]
value = 25
percentile = 22
band = "Low"
version = "ai-exposure-index-v1"
componentCount = 2

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 44
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 6
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"

[aiOutlook.eloundou]
alpha = 0
beta = 0.25
gamma = 0.5

[aiOutlook.bls]
growthPercent = 3.2
growthPercentile = 54
direction = "About average"
annualOpeningsThousands = 1.3
annualOpeningsPercentile = 20
employment2024Thousands = 45.3
employment2034Thousands = 46.7

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "eloundou_gamma"
label = "LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou)"
value = 0.5
percentile = 44
band = "Moderate"
note = "Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "microsoft_applicability"
label = "AI assistant applicability (Microsoft)"
value = 0.03636659578414024
percentile = 6
band = "Low"
note = "How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement."

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Instruct individuals and groups on ways to preserve health and prevent disease."
usagePercent = 0.0031839414319108986
importance = 3.48

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "bls_employment_projections"
version = "2024-2034"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"
version = "working-with-ai"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"
version = "gpts-are-gpts"

[counts]
tasks = 18
skills = 38
capabilities = 120
tools = 18
relatedRoles = 20

[source]
dataset = "gold.onet_role_starter_surface"
version = "30.3"
generatedAt = "2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00"
contentHash = "32dff445e501286d"

[[tasks]]
text = "Monitor patient before, during, and after anesthesia and counteract adverse reactions or complications."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.a.2.e"

[[tasks]]
text = "Provide and maintain life support and airway management and help prepare patients for emergency surgery."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.g"

[[tasks]]
text = "Record type and amount of anesthesia and patient condition throughout procedure."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.k"

[[tasks]]
text = "Administer anesthetic or sedation during medical procedures, using local, intravenous, spinal, or caudal methods."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Examine patient, obtain medical history, and use diagnostic tests to determine risk during surgical, obstetrical, and other medical procedures."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.b.2.i"

[[tasks]]
text = "Position patient on operating table to maximize patient comfort and surgical accessibility."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.k"

[[tasks]]
text = "Coordinate administration of anesthetics with surgeons during operation."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.2.d"

[[tasks]]
text = "Decide when patients have recovered or stabilized enough to be sent to another room or ward or to be sent home following outpatient surgery."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.a.2.e"

[[tasks]]
text = "Confer with other medical professionals to determine type and method of anesthetic or sedation to render patient insensible to pain."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.2.d"

[[tasks]]
text = "Order laboratory tests, x-rays, and other diagnostic procedures."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.c.3.b"

[[tasks]]
text = "Inform students and staff of types and methods of anesthesia administration, signs of complications, and emergency methods to counteract reactions."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.b.3.f"

[[tasks]]
text = "Provide medical care and consultation in many settings, prescribing medication and treatment and referring patients for surgery."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.a"

[[emergingTasks]]
text = "Place invasive intravascular monitors into patients."

[[emergingTasks]]
text = "Teach anesthesiology principles to residents."

[[activities]]
name = "Administer anesthetics or sedatives to control pain."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Monitor patient conditions during treatments, procedures, or activities."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.2.e"

[[activities]]
name = "Implement advanced life support techniques."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.g"

[[activities]]
name = "Prepare patients physically for medical procedures."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.k"

[[activities]]
name = "Record patient medical histories."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.k"

[[activities]]
name = "Examine patients to assess general physical condition."
iwa = "4.A.1.b.2.i"

[[activities]]
name = "Position patients for treatment or examination."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.k"

[[activities]]
name = "Monitor patient progress or responses to treatments."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.2.e"

[[activities]]
name = "Collaborate with healthcare professionals to plan or provide treatment."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.2.d"

[[activities]]
name = "Supervise patient care personnel."
iwa = "4.A.4.b.4.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Order medical diagnostic or clinical tests."
iwa = "4.A.4.c.3.b"

[[activities]]
name = "Diagnose medical conditions."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.1.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Direct healthcare delivery programs."
iwa = "4.A.4.b.4.j"

[[activities]]
name = "Refer patients to other healthcare practitioners or health resources."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Prescribe treatments or therapies."
iwa = "4.A.4.c.3.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Prescribe medications."
iwa = "4.A.4.c.3.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Train medical providers."
iwa = "4.A.4.b.3.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Schedule medical facility use."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.5.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Provide health and wellness advice to patients, program participants, or caregivers."
iwa = "4.A.4.b.6.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Conduct research to increase knowledge about medical issues."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.s"

[[capabilities]]
name = "Problem Sensitivity"
family = "ability"
value = 5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Medicine and Dentistry"
family = "knowledge"
value = 4.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 4.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 4.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Biology"
family = "knowledge"
value = 4.27

[[capabilities]]
name = "Written Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 4.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 4.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Active Listening"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Monitoring"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Judgment and Decision Making"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 4.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 4.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Near Vision"
family = "ability"
value = 4.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Writing"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Science"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Written Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speaking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Information Ordering"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Selective Attention"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Time Management"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Flexibility of Closure"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Perceptual Speed"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Arm-Hand Steadiness"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Clarity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "English Language"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.68

[[capabilities]]
name = "Active Learning"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Operations Monitoring"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Chemistry"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Customer and Personal Service"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.57

[[capabilities]]
name = "Psychology"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.43

[[capabilities]]
name = "Learning Strategies"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Service Orientation"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Systems Evaluation"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Fluency of Ideas"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Finger Dexterity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Physics"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.23

[[skills]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Biology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Listening"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Writing"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Information Ordering"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Time Management"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "English Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Chemistry"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Learning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Psychology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Learning Strategies"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Finger Dexterity"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Physics"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Mathematics"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Systems Analysis"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Instructing"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Word"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft PowerPoint"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Outlook"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Excel"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Access"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Negotiation"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Visualization"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Depth Perception"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Foreign Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Telecommunications"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Equipment Selection"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Geography"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Presentation Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Medical Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Installation"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Equipment Maintenance"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[tools]]
example = "Epic Systems"
category = "Medical software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "MEDITECH software"
category = "Medical software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Access"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Excel"
category = "Spreadsheet software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Outlook"
category = "Electronic mail software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft PowerPoint"
category = "Presentation software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Word"
category = "Word processing software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "AetherPalm InfusiCalc"
category = "Medical software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Anesthesia machine software"
category = "Medical software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "AtStaff Physician Scheduler"
category = "Calendar and scheduling software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Drug database software"
category = "Medical software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "EDImis Anesthesia Manager"
category = "Medical software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Electronic medical record EMR software"
category = "Medical software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Healthpac Medical Billing"
category = "Billing and invoicing software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Medical calculator software"
category = "Medical software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Skyscape 5-Minute Clinical Consult"
category = "Medical software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Skyscape AnesthesiaDrugs"
category = "Medical software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Web browser software"
category = "Internet browser software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[workContext]]
name = "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams"
value = 4.93

[[workContext]]
name = "Indoors, Environmentally Controlled"
value = 4.91

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate"
value = 4.85

[[workContext]]
name = "Contact With Others"
value = 4.8

[[workContext]]
name = "Physical Proximity"
value = 4.74

[[workContext]]
name = "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results"
value = 4.73

[[workContext]]
name = "Freedom to Make Decisions"
value = 4.73

[[workContext]]
name = "Frequency of Decision Making"
value = 4.71

[[workContext]]
name = "Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets"
value = 4.66

[[workContext]]
name = "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team"
value = 4.65

[[workContext]]
name = "Telephone Conversations"
value = 4.61

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Disease or Infections"
value = 4.58

[[workContext]]
name = "Consequence of Error"
value = 4.53

[[workContext]]
name = "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals"
value = 4.45

[[workContext]]
name = "E-Mail"
value = 4.39

[[workContext]]
name = "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities"
value = 4.28

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Contaminants"
value = 4.24

[[workContext]]
name = "Health and Safety of Other Workers"
value = 4.22

[[workContext]]
name = "Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection"
value = 4.04

[[workContext]]
name = "Time Pressure"
value = 4

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Radiation"
value = 3.87

[[workContext]]
name = "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers"
value = 3.85

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls"
value = 3.83

[[workContext]]
name = "Level of Competition"
value = 3.81

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks"
value = 3.78

[[workContext]]
name = "Deal With External Customers or the Public in General"
value = 3.7

[[workContext]]
name = "Written Letters and Memos"
value = 3.42

[[workContext]]
name = "Conflict Situations"
value = 3.21

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Standing"
value = 3.21

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Sitting"
value = 3.16

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable"
value = 3.13

[[workContext]]
name = "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People"
value = 3.03

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions"
value = 2.91

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Hazardous Conditions"
value = 2.8

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions"
value = 2.61

[[workContext]]
name = "Public Speaking"
value = 2.51

[[workContext]]
name = "Degree of Automation"
value = 2.35

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions"
value = 2.26

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Hazardous Equipment"
value = 2.23

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Walking or Running"
value = 2.15

[[personFit]]
name = "Integrity"
family = "work_style"
value = 10

[[personFit]]
name = "Cautiousness"
family = "work_style"
value = 9

[[personFit]]
name = "Intellectual Curiosity"
family = "work_style"
value = 8

[[personFit]]
name = "Cooperation"
family = "work_style"
value = 7

[[personFit]]
name = "Health Care Service"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 6.67

[[personFit]]
name = "Achievement Orientation"
family = "work_style"
value = 6

[[personFit]]
name = "Investigative"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 5.73

[[personFit]]
name = "Medical Science"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 5.48

[[personFit]]
name = "Social"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 5.25

[[personFit]]
name = "Realistic"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 5.18

[[personFit]]
name = "Self-Control"
family = "work_style"
value = 5

[[personFit]]
name = "Life Science"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 4.15

[[personFit]]
name = "Stress Tolerance"
family = "work_style"
value = 4

[[personFit]]
name = "Conventional"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 3.69

[[personFit]]
name = "Teaching/Education"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 3.27

[[personFit]]
name = "Adaptability"
family = "work_style"
value = 3

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1243.00"
slug = "role-29-1243-00"
title = "Pediatric Surgeons"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1242.00"
slug = "role-29-1242-00"
title = "Orthopedic Surgeons, Except Pediatric"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1212.00"
slug = "role-29-1212-00"
title = "Cardiologists"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1151.00"
slug = "role-29-1151-00"
title = "Nurse Anesthetists"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1071.01"
slug = "role-29-1071-01"
title = "Anesthesiologist Assistants"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1214.00"
slug = "role-29-1214-00"
title = "Emergency Medicine Physicians"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1216.00"
slug = "role-29-1216-00"
title = "General Internal Medicine Physicians"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1218.00"
slug = "role-29-1218-00"
title = "Obstetricians and Gynecologists"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1171.00"
slug = "role-29-1171-00"
title = "Nurse Practitioners"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1071.00"
slug = "role-29-1071-00"
title = "Physician Assistants"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-2043.00"
slug = "role-29-2043-00"
title = "Paramedics"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1229.04"
slug = "role-29-1229-04"
title = "Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Physicians"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Healthcare & Human Services"
slug = "healthcare-human-services"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Health Professions and Related Programs"
slug = "health-professions-and-related-programs"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Medical Residency/Fellowship Programs"
slug = "medical-residency-fellowship-programs"
