entityType = "role"
schemaVersion = "role.v1"
slug = "role-29-1022-00"
socCode = "29-1022.00"
title = "Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons"
summary = "Perform surgery and related procedures on the hard and soft tissues of the oral and maxillofacial regions to treat diseases, injuries, or defects. May diagnose problems of the oral and maxillofacial regions. May perform surgery to improve function or appearance."
aliases = ["Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS)", "Oral Surgeon", "Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon (OMS)", "Surgeon", "Dental Surgeon", "Maxillofacial Surgeon"]

[preparation]
jobZone = "5"
jobZoneName = "Job Zone Five: Extensive Preparation Needed"
education = "Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree)."
experience = "Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations. Many require more than five years of experience. For example, surgeons must complete four years of college and an additional five to seven years of specialized medical training to be able to do their job."
svpRange = "(8.0 and above)"

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Post-Doctoral Training"
percentage = 72.2

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Doctoral Degree"
percentage = 19.84

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "First Professional Degree"
percentage = 7.96

[educationLevel]
category = "Doctoral or professional degree"
slug = "doctoral-or-professional-degree"

[market]
meanWage = 360240
pct10Wage = 82960
pct25Wage = 236780
employment = 5330
areaTitle = "U.S."

[industries]
count = 2

[[industries.top]]
naics = "62"
slug = "62"
title = "Health Care and Social Assistance"
level = "Sector"
employment = 5290
lq = 6.62

[[industries.top]]
naics = "61"
slug = "61"
title = "Educational Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 40
medianWage = 71180

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "62"
slug = "62"
title = "Health Care and Social Assistance"
level = "Sector"
employment = 5290
lq = 6.62

[aiOutlook]
teleworkable = false
usageRelease = "2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2"

[aiOutlook.index]
value = 19
percentile = 16
band = "Low"
version = "ai-exposure-index-v1"
componentCount = 3

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 42
source = "felten_aioe"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 11
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 4
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"

[aiOutlook.freyHistorical]
source = "frey"
label = "Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)"
value = 0.0036
percentile = 1
band = "Low"
note = "A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking."

[aiOutlook.eloundou]
alpha = 0
beta = 0.04
gamma = 0.08

[aiOutlook.bls]
growthPercent = 4.1
growthPercentile = 65
direction = "About average"
annualOpeningsThousands = 0.2
annualOpeningsPercentile = 2
employment2024Thousands = 6.1
employment2034Thousands = 6.4

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.)"
value = -0.2389668
percentile = 42
band = "Moderate"
note = "How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "eloundou_gamma"
label = "LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou)"
value = 0.08
percentile = 11
band = "Low"
note = "Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "microsoft_applicability"
label = "AI assistant applicability (Microsoft)"
value = 0.026061889306944117
percentile = 4
band = "Low"
note = "How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement."

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Collaborate with other professionals, such as restorative dentists and orthodontists, to plan treatment."
usagePercent = 0.0015406168218923706
importance = 4.66

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "bls_employment_projections"
version = "2024-2034"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "dingel_neiman"
version = "dingel-neiman-workathome"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "felten_aioe"
version = "felten-raj-seamans-aioe"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "frey_osborne"
version = "frey-osborne-automation"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"
version = "working-with-ai"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"
version = "gpts-are-gpts"

[counts]
tasks = 14
skills = 32
capabilities = 120
tools = 10
relatedRoles = 20

[source]
dataset = "gold.onet_role_starter_surface"
version = "30.3"
generatedAt = "2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00"
contentHash = "b79a70e460338775"

[[tasks]]
text = "Administer general and local anesthetics."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Collaborate with other professionals, such as restorative dentists and orthodontists, to plan treatment."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.2.d"

[[tasks]]
text = "Evaluate the position of the wisdom teeth to determine whether problems exist currently or might occur in the future."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.a.4.f"

[[tasks]]
text = "Perform surgery to prepare the mouth for dental implants and to aid in the regeneration of deficient bone and gum tissues."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.l"

[[tasks]]
text = "Remove impacted, damaged, and non-restorable teeth."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.l"

[[tasks]]
text = "Treat infections of the oral cavity, salivary glands, jaws, and neck."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.l"

[[tasks]]
text = "Remove tumors and other abnormal growths of the oral and facial regions, using surgical instruments."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.l"

[[tasks]]
text = "Provide emergency treatment of facial injuries including facial lacerations, intra-oral lacerations, and fractured facial bones."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.g"

[[tasks]]
text = "Treat problems affecting the oral mucosa, such as mouth ulcers and infections."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.l"

[[tasks]]
text = "Restore form and function by moving skin, bone, nerves, and other tissues from other parts of the body to reconstruct the jaws and face."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.l"

[[tasks]]
text = "Perform surgery on the mouth and jaws to treat conditions such as cleft lip, cleft palate, and jaw growth problems."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.l"

[[tasks]]
text = "Perform minor cosmetic procedures, such as chin and cheekbone enhancements."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.l"

[[emergingTasks]]
text = "Evaluate and treat problems related to the temperomandibular joint (TMJ)."

[[activities]]
name = "Operate on patients to treat conditions."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.l"

[[activities]]
name = "Treat chronic diseases or disorders."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.l"

[[activities]]
name = "Administer anesthetics or sedatives to control pain."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Treat dental problems or diseases."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.l"

[[activities]]
name = "Analyze patient data to determine patient needs or treatment goals."
iwa = "4.A.2.a.4.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Collaborate with healthcare professionals to plan or provide treatment."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.2.d"

[[activities]]
name = "Treat acute illnesses, infections, or injuries."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.l"

[[activities]]
name = "Treat medical emergencies."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.5.g"

[[capabilities]]
name = "Medicine and Dentistry"
family = "knowledge"
value = 5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Biology"
family = "knowledge"
value = 4.41

[[capabilities]]
name = "English Language"
family = "knowledge"
value = 4.4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Customer and Personal Service"
family = "knowledge"
value = 4.32

[[capabilities]]
name = "Arm-Hand Steadiness"
family = "ability"
value = 4.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 4.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Judgment and Decision Making"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 4.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Finger Dexterity"
family = "ability"
value = 4.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Near Vision"
family = "ability"
value = 4.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Problem Sensitivity"
family = "ability"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Control Precision"
family = "ability"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Active Listening"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speaking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Active Learning"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Monitoring"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Written Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Information Ordering"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Manual Dexterity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Psychology"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Clarity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Coordination"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Written Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Selective Attention"
family = "ability"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Writing"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Science"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Education and Training"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.45

[[capabilities]]
name = "Chemistry"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.43

[[capabilities]]
name = "Administration and Management"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.41

[[capabilities]]
name = "Time Management"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Personnel and Human Resources"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Category Flexibility"
family = "ability"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Flexibility of Closure"
family = "ability"
value = 3.38

[[skills]]
name = "Biology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "English Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Finger Dexterity"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Information Ordering"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Listening"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Learning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Psychology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Writing"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Chemistry"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Time Management"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Visualization"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Systems Analysis"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Mathematics"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Learning Strategies"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Instructing"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Negotiation"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Physics"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Depth Perception"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Telecommunications"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Foreign Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Equipment Selection"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Equipment Maintenance"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Geography"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Medical Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Installation"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[tools]]
example = "Ada"
category = "Development environment software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Apteryx Imaging Suite"
category = "Graphics or photo imaging software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "DecisionBase TiME for OMS"
category = "Medical software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "DentalEye"
category = "Graphics or photo imaging software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Dolphin Imaging & Management Solutions Dolphin Management"
category = "Medical software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "DSN Software Oral Surgery-Exec"
category = "Medical software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Gendex Dental Systems VixWin PRO"
category = "Graphics or photo imaging software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Kodak Dental Systems Kodak Cosmetic Imaging Module"
category = "Graphics or photo imaging software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Planmeca Oy Dimaxis"
category = "Graphics or photo imaging software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Sirona SIDEXIS XG"
category = "Graphics or photo imaging software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Disease or Infections"
value = 4.97

[[workContext]]
name = "Physical Proximity"
value = 4.96

[[workContext]]
name = "Telephone Conversations"
value = 4.94

[[workContext]]
name = "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams"
value = 4.94

[[workContext]]
name = "Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets"
value = 4.94

[[workContext]]
name = "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results"
value = 4.94

[[workContext]]
name = "Freedom to Make Decisions"
value = 4.93

[[workContext]]
name = "Health and Safety of Other Workers"
value = 4.85

[[workContext]]
name = "Contact With Others"
value = 4.84

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate"
value = 4.83

[[workContext]]
name = "Frequency of Decision Making"
value = 4.8

[[workContext]]
name = "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers"
value = 4.76

[[workContext]]
name = "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team"
value = 4.75

[[workContext]]
name = "Indoors, Environmentally Controlled"
value = 4.75

[[workContext]]
name = "Written Letters and Memos"
value = 4.67

[[workContext]]
name = "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities"
value = 4.65

[[workContext]]
name = "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals"
value = 4.6

[[workContext]]
name = "Deal With External Customers or the Public in General"
value = 4.44

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls"
value = 4.27

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Standing"
value = 4.26

[[workContext]]
name = "Consequence of Error"
value = 4.1

[[workContext]]
name = "E-Mail"
value = 4.09

[[workContext]]
name = "Level of Competition"
value = 4.05

[[workContext]]
name = "Time Pressure"
value = 3.58

[[workContext]]
name = "Conflict Situations"
value = 3.51

[[workContext]]
name = "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People"
value = 3.42

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions"
value = 3.4

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks"
value = 3.29

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body"
value = 3.27

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Contaminants"
value = 3.22

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Radiation"
value = 3.01

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Hazardous Equipment"
value = 2.79

[[workContext]]
name = "Public Speaking"
value = 2.66

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable"
value = 2.52

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Hazardous Conditions"
value = 2.3

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions"
value = 2.28

[[workContext]]
name = "Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection"
value = 2.25

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Walking or Running"
value = 2.16

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings"
value = 1.94

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Sitting"
value = 1.92

[[personFit]]
name = "Attention to Detail"
family = "work_style"
value = 10

[[personFit]]
name = "Integrity"
family = "work_style"
value = 9

[[personFit]]
name = "Cautiousness"
family = "work_style"
value = 8

[[personFit]]
name = "Intellectual Curiosity"
family = "work_style"
value = 7

[[personFit]]
name = "Health Care Service"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 6.67

[[personFit]]
name = "Cooperation"
family = "work_style"
value = 6

[[personFit]]
name = "Investigative"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 5.84

[[personFit]]
name = "Realistic"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 5.75

[[personFit]]
name = "Achievement Orientation"
family = "work_style"
value = 5

[[personFit]]
name = "Medical Science"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 4.61

[[personFit]]
name = "Social"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 4.47

[[personFit]]
name = "Life Science"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 4.43

[[personFit]]
name = "Self-Control"
family = "work_style"
value = 4

[[personFit]]
name = "Conventional"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 3.6

[[personFit]]
name = "Stress Tolerance"
family = "work_style"
value = 3

[[personFit]]
name = "Dependability"
family = "work_style"
value = 2.93

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1243.00"
slug = "role-29-1243-00"
title = "Pediatric Surgeons"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1242.00"
slug = "role-29-1242-00"
title = "Orthopedic Surgeons, Except Pediatric"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1024.00"
slug = "role-29-1024-00"
title = "Prosthodontists"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1021.00"
slug = "role-29-1021-00"
title = "Dentists, General"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1241.00"
slug = "role-29-1241-00"
title = "Ophthalmologists, Except Pediatric"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1213.00"
slug = "role-29-1213-00"
title = "Dermatologists"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1023.00"
slug = "role-29-1023-00"
title = "Orthodontists"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1229.03"
slug = "role-29-1229-03"
title = "Urologists"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1081.00"
slug = "role-29-1081-00"
title = "Podiatrists"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1214.00"
slug = "role-29-1214-00"
title = "Emergency Medicine Physicians"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1211.00"
slug = "role-29-1211-00"
title = "Anesthesiologists"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1229.04"
slug = "role-29-1229-04"
title = "Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Physicians"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Healthcare & Human Services"
slug = "healthcare-human-services"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Dental, Medical, and Veterinary Residency Programs"
slug = "dental-medical-and-veterinary-residency-programs"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Health Professions and Related Programs"
slug = "health-professions-and-related-programs"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "frey_osborne"
label = "Computerization probability"
score = 0.0036
scale = "0-1 probability"
release = "2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "AI occupational exposure"
score = -0.2389668
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_image_generation_aioe"
label = "Image generation occupational exposure"
score = -0.0439961
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_language_modeling_aioe"
label = "Language modeling occupational exposure"
score = -0.3302738
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"
