entityType = "role"
schemaVersion = "role.v1"
slug = "role-27-3091-00"
socCode = "27-3091.00"
title = "Interpreters and Translators"
summary = "Interpret oral or sign language, or translate written text from one language into another."
aliases = ["Interpreter", "Medical Interpreter", "Sign Language Interpreter", "Translator", "American Sign Language Interpreter (ASL Interpreter)", "Court Interpreter", "Educational Interpreter", "Linguist", "Spanish Interpreter", "Spanish Translator", "Arabic Translator", "Bilingual Interpreter"]
emergingTasks = []

[preparation]
jobZone = "4"
jobZoneName = "Job Zone Four: Considerable Preparation Needed"
education = "Most of these occupations require a four-year bachelor's degree, but some do not."
experience = "A considerable amount of work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is needed for these occupations. For example, an accountant must complete four years of college and work for several years in accounting to be considered qualified."
svpRange = "(7.0 to < 8.0)"

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Bachelor's Degree"
percentage = 54.72

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Master's Degree"
percentage = 27.88

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "High School Diploma"
percentage = 8.02

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Associate's Degree (or other 2-year degree)"
percentage = 4.42

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Post-Master's Certificate"
percentage = 3.69

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Post-Secondary Certificate"
percentage = 1.27

[educationLevel]
category = "Bachelor's degree"
slug = "bachelor-s-degree"

[market]
medianWage = 59440
meanWage = 64950
pct10Wage = 35630
pct25Wage = 45020
pct75Wage = 80020
pct90Wage = 99830
employment = 53360
areaTitle = "U.S."

[industries]
count = 18

[[industries.top]]
naics = "54"
slug = "54"
title = "Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 21060
medianWage = 59020
lq = 5.65

[[industries.top]]
naics = "61"
slug = "61"
title = "Educational Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 12180
medianWage = 60560
lq = 2.58

[[industries.top]]
naics = "62"
slug = "62"
title = "Health Care and Social Assistance"
level = "Sector"
employment = 9180
medianWage = 57530
lq = 1.15

[[industries.top]]
naics = "51"
slug = "51"
title = "Information"
level = "Sector"
employment = 2350
medianWage = 80120
lq = 2.34

[[industries.top]]
naics = "56"
slug = "56"
title = "Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 2190
medianWage = 33670
lq = 0.7

[[industries.top]]
naics = "31-33"
slug = "31-33"
title = "Manufacturing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 600
medianWage = 49600
lq = 0.14

[[industries.top]]
naics = "52"
slug = "52"
title = "Finance and Insurance"
level = "Sector"
employment = 470
medianWage = 51490
lq = 0.22

[[industries.top]]
naics = "81"
slug = "81"
title = "Other Services (except Public Administration)"
level = "Sector"
employment = 420
medianWage = 49900
lq = 0.27

[[industries.top]]
naics = "71"
slug = "71"
title = "Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation"
level = "Sector"
employment = 360
medianWage = 37960
lq = 0.39

[[industries.top]]
naics = "55"
slug = "55"
title = "Management of Companies and Enterprises"
level = "Sector"
employment = 330
medianWage = 58240
lq = 0.34

[[industries.top]]
naics = "48-49"
slug = "48-49"
title = "Transportation and Warehousing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 260
medianWage = 43870
lq = 0.1

[[industries.top]]
naics = "621340"
slug = "621340"
title = "Offices of Physical, Occupational and Speech Therapists, and Audiologists"
level = "National industry"
employment = 220
medianWage = 62630
lq = 1.33

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "54"
slug = "54"
title = "Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 21060
lq = 5.65

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "61"
slug = "61"
title = "Educational Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 12180
lq = 2.58

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "51"
slug = "51"
title = "Information"
level = "Sector"
employment = 2350
lq = 2.34

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "621340"
slug = "621340"
title = "Offices of Physical, Occupational and Speech Therapists, and Audiologists"
level = "National industry"
employment = 220
lq = 1.33

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "524114"
slug = "524114"
title = "Direct Health and Medical Insurance Carriers"
level = "National industry"
employment = 190
lq = 1.22

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "62"
slug = "62"
title = "Health Care and Social Assistance"
level = "Sector"
employment = 9180
lq = 1.15

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "56"
slug = "56"
title = "Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 2190
lq = 0.7

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "71"
slug = "71"
title = "Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation"
level = "Sector"
employment = 360
lq = 0.39

[aiOutlook]
teleworkable = false
usageRelease = "2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2"

[aiOutlook.index]
value = 85
percentile = 91
band = "High"
version = "ai-exposure-index-v1"
componentCount = 3

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 79
source = "felten_aioe"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 75
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 100
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"

[aiOutlook.freyHistorical]
source = "frey"
label = "Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)"
value = 0.38
percentile = 43
band = "Moderate"
note = "A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking."

[aiOutlook.eloundou]
alpha = 0.88
beta = 0.88
gamma = 0.88

[aiOutlook.bls]
growthPercent = 1.7
growthPercentile = 38
direction = "About average"
annualOpeningsThousands = 6.9
annualOpeningsPercentile = 55
employment2024Thousands = 75.3
employment2034Thousands = 76.6

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.)"
value = 1.111319
percentile = 79
band = "High"
note = "How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "eloundou_gamma"
label = "LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou)"
value = 0.88
percentile = 75
band = "High"
note = "Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "microsoft_applicability"
label = "AI assistant applicability (Microsoft)"
value = 0.4921989654086071
percentile = 100
band = "High"
note = "How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement."

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Read written materials, such as legal documents, scientific works, or news reports, and rewrite material into specified languages."
usagePercent = 0.4639310789658558
importance = 3.71

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Proofread, edit, and revise translated materials."
usagePercent = 0.2613913207810722
importance = 3.93

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Translate messages simultaneously or consecutively into specified languages, orally or by using hand signs, maintaining message content, context, and style as much as possible."
usagePercent = 0.08730161990723433
importance = 4.73

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Adapt translations to students' cognitive and grade levels, collaborating with educational team members as necessary."
usagePercent = 0.029271719615955035
importance = 4.42

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Check original texts or confer with authors to ensure that translations retain the content, meaning, and feeling of the original material."
usagePercent = 0.014687213702040599
importance = 4.3

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Follow ethical codes that protect the confidentiality of information."
usagePercent = 0.008524746414471117
importance = 4.86

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "bls_employment_projections"
version = "2024-2034"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "dingel_neiman"
version = "dingel-neiman-workathome"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "felten_aioe"
version = "felten-raj-seamans-aioe"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "frey_osborne"
version = "frey-osborne-automation"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"
version = "working-with-ai"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"
version = "gpts-are-gpts"

[aiPlaybook]
trustedTaskCount = 9
taskCount = 11
totalSample = 7072
autonomyMedian = 3
dominantCollaboration = "directive"
automationShare = 56.87
augmentationShare = 40.22
workUsePercent = 63.23
release = "2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2"

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "directive"
percent = 56.44

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "task iteration"
percent = 29.85

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "validation"
percent = 5.61

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "learning"
percent = 4.76

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "none"
percent = 0.81

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "feedback loop"
percent = 0.43

[[aiPlaybook.useCase]]
label = "work"
percent = 63.23

[[aiPlaybook.useCase]]
label = "personal"
percent = 31.63

[[aiPlaybook.useCase]]
label = "coursework"
percent = 4.53

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Read written materials, such as legal documents, scientific works, or news reports, and rewrite material into specified languages."
usagePercent = 0.45205650706338296
collaboration = "directive"
autonomyMedian = 3
sampleCount = 4520

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Proofread, edit, and revise translated materials."
usagePercent = 0.19572446555819475
collaboration = "directive"
autonomyMedian = 3
sampleCount = 1957

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Translate messages simultaneously or consecutively into specified languages, orally or by using hand signs, maintaining message content, context, and style as much as possible."
usagePercent = 0.02190273784223028
collaboration = "directive"
autonomyMedian = 3
sampleCount = 219

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Adapt translations to students' cognitive and grade levels, collaborating with educational team members as necessary."
usagePercent = 0.0077009626203275415
collaboration = "directive"
autonomyMedian = 2
sampleCount = 77

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Compile terminology and information to be used in translations, including technical terms such as those for legal or medical material."
usagePercent = 0.0071008876109513695
collaboration = "directive"
autonomyMedian = 4
sampleCount = 71

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Check original texts or confer with authors to ensure that translations retain the content, meaning, and feeling of the original material."
usagePercent = 0.006400800100012502
collaboration = "task iteration"
autonomyMedian = 3
sampleCount = 64

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Check translations of technical terms and terminology to ensure that they are accurate and remain consistent throughout translation revisions."
usagePercent = 0.00450056257032129
autonomyMedian = 3
sampleCount = 45

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Discuss translation requirements with clients and determine any fees to be charged for services provided."
usagePercent = 0.0037004625578197278
autonomyMedian = 4
sampleCount = 37

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Discuss translation requirements with clients and determine any fees to be charged for services provided."
humanNeededPercent = 100
sampleCount = 37

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Proofread, edit, and revise translated materials."
humanNeededPercent = 97.95605518650996
sampleCount = 1957

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Compile terminology and information to be used in translations, including technical terms such as those for legal or medical material."
humanNeededPercent = 95.77464788732394
sampleCount = 71

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Adapt translations to students' cognitive and grade levels, collaborating with educational team members as necessary."
humanNeededPercent = 94.8051948051948
sampleCount = 77

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Read written materials, such as legal documents, scientific works, or news reports, and rewrite material into specified languages."
humanNeededPercent = 93.51769911504425
sampleCount = 4520

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Check translations of technical terms and terminology to ensure that they are accurate and remain consistent throughout translation revisions."
humanNeededPercent = 93.33333333333333
sampleCount = 45

[[aiPlaybook.seedPrompts]]
prompt = "Do this for me: read written materials, such as legal documents, scientific works, or news reports, and rewrite material into specified languages. Give me a finished draft I can review and adjust."
collaboration = "directive"

[[aiPlaybook.seedPrompts]]
prompt = "Do this for me: proofread, edit, and revise translated materials. Give me a finished draft I can review and adjust."
collaboration = "directive"

[[aiPlaybook.seedPrompts]]
prompt = "Do this for me: translate messages simultaneously or consecutively into specified languages, orally or by using hand signs, maintaining message content, context, and style as much as possible. Give me a finished draft I can review and adjust."
collaboration = "directive"

[[aiPlaybook.seedPrompts]]
prompt = "Do this for me: adapt translations to students' cognitive and grade levels, collaborating with educational team members as necessary. Give me a finished draft I can review and adjust."
collaboration = "directive"

[[aiPlaybook.seedPrompts]]
prompt = "Do this for me: compile terminology and information to be used in translations, including technical terms such as those for legal or medical material. Give me a finished draft I can review and adjust."
collaboration = "directive"

[counts]
tasks = 17
skills = 39
capabilities = 120
tools = 28
relatedRoles = 20

[source]
dataset = "gold.onet_role_starter_surface"
version = "30.3"
generatedAt = "2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00"
contentHash = "16766948335bec2e"

[[tasks]]
text = "Follow ethical codes that protect the confidentiality of information."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.a.2.g"

[[tasks]]
text = "Translate messages simultaneously or consecutively into specified languages, orally or by using hand signs, maintaining message content, context, and style as much as possible."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.1.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Listen to speakers' statements to determine meanings and to prepare translations, using electronic listening systems as necessary."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.1.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Compile terminology and information to be used in translations, including technical terms such as those for legal or medical material."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.a.2.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Adapt translations to students' cognitive and grade levels, collaborating with educational team members as necessary."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.1.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Refer to reference materials, such as dictionaries, lexicons, encyclopedias, and computerized terminology banks, as needed to ensure translation accuracy."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.b.3.a"

[[tasks]]
text = "Check translations of technical terms and terminology to ensure that they are accurate and remain consistent throughout translation revisions."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.a.2.a"

[[tasks]]
text = "Identify and resolve conflicts related to the meanings of words, concepts, practices, or behaviors."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.1.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Check original texts or confer with authors to ensure that translations retain the content, meaning, and feeling of the original material."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.2.a.2.a"

[[tasks]]
text = "Compile information on content and context of information to be translated and on intended audience."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.a.2.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Adapt software and accompanying technical documents to another language and culture."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.1.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Educate students, parents, staff, and teachers about the roles and functions of educational interpreters."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.3.b"

[[activities]]
name = "Monitor work environment to ensure safety or adherence to specifications."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.2.g"

[[activities]]
name = "Maintain security."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.1.k"

[[activities]]
name = "Translate information for others."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.1.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Edit written materials."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.1.g"

[[activities]]
name = "Verify accuracy of data."
iwa = "4.A.2.a.2.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Conduct research to inform art, designs, or other work."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.3.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Compile technical information or documentation."
iwa = "4.A.2.a.2.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Confer with clients to determine needs."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.2.j"

[[activities]]
name = "Provide educational information to the public."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.3.b"

[[activities]]
name = "Train others on work processes."
iwa = "4.A.4.b.3.d"

[[capabilities]]
name = "English Language"
family = "knowledge"
value = 4.66

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 4.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Foreign Language"
family = "knowledge"
value = 4.13

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speaking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 4.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Active Listening"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Written Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Written Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Customer and Personal Service"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Clarity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Writing"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Information Ordering"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Monitoring"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Problem Sensitivity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Near Vision"
family = "ability"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Education and Training"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.39

[[capabilities]]
name = "Administrative"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.22

[[capabilities]]
name = "Active Learning"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Service Orientation"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Judgment and Decision Making"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Selective Attention"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Public Safety and Security"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.07

[[capabilities]]
name = "Law and Government"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.03

[[capabilities]]
name = "Learning Strategies"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Coordination"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Instructing"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Time Management"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Fluency of Ideas"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Originality"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Category Flexibility"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speed of Closure"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Time Sharing"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Auditory Attention"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[skills]]
name = "English Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Foreign Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Listening"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Writing"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Information Ordering"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft PowerPoint"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Excel"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Learning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Time Management"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Word"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Outlook"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Access"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Learning Strategies"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Instructing"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Visualization"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Psychology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Productivity Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Negotiation"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Mathematics"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Finger Dexterity"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Geography"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Systems Analysis"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Telecommunications"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Biology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Depth Perception"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Chemistry"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Physics"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Project Management Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Presentation Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Installation"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Equipment Selection"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Equipment Maintenance"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Excel"
category = "Spreadsheet software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Office software"
category = "Office suite software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft PowerPoint"
category = "Presentation software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Hypertext markup language HTML"
category = "Web platform development software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Access"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Outlook"
category = "Electronic mail software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Word"
category = "Word processing software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Productivity software"
category = "Project management software"
hot = false
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "AceTools.biz Ace Translator"
category = "Foreign language software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Adapt It"
category = "Foreign language software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "AmoK Translator"
category = "Foreign language software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Ashkon Translation Pad"
category = "Foreign language software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Babylon Online Translator"
category = "Foreign language software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "DocTranslate"
category = "Foreign language software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Electronic dictionaries"
category = "Dictionary software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "ExcelTrans Translator"
category = "Foreign language software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Extensible hypertext markup language XHTML"
category = "Web platform development software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Google Translate Client"
category = "Foreign language software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "HunterSoft Business Translator"
category = "Foreign language software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Intrado SchoolMessenger"
category = "Mobile messaging service software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "jalada GmbH Just Translate"
category = "Foreign language software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Language Engineering Corporation Translate Pro"
category = "Foreign language software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Lingoes"
category = "Foreign language software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "OmegaT"
category = "Foreign language software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Smart Link Corporation ImTranslator"
category = "Foreign language software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Stormdance CatsCradle"
category = "Foreign language software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Voice over internet protocol VoIP system software"
category = "Internet protocol IP multimedia subsystem software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Web browser software"
category = "Internet browser software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate"
value = 4.9

[[workContext]]
name = "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team"
value = 4.71

[[workContext]]
name = "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams"
value = 4.64

[[workContext]]
name = "Contact With Others"
value = 4.56

[[workContext]]
name = "E-Mail"
value = 4.52

[[workContext]]
name = "Frequency of Decision Making"
value = 4.52

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks"
value = 4.46

[[workContext]]
name = "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results"
value = 4.14

[[workContext]]
name = "Indoors, Environmentally Controlled"
value = 4.11

[[workContext]]
name = "Freedom to Make Decisions"
value = 4.06

[[workContext]]
name = "Time Pressure"
value = 4.02

[[workContext]]
name = "Level of Competition"
value = 3.89

[[workContext]]
name = "Telephone Conversations"
value = 3.64

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Sitting"
value = 3.61

[[workContext]]
name = "Consequence of Error"
value = 3.56

[[workContext]]
name = "Physical Proximity"
value = 3.53

[[workContext]]
name = "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals"
value = 3.42

[[workContext]]
name = "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers"
value = 3.28

[[workContext]]
name = "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People"
value = 3.18

[[workContext]]
name = "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities"
value = 3.15

[[workContext]]
name = "Conflict Situations"
value = 2.92

[[workContext]]
name = "Deal With External Customers or the Public in General"
value = 2.9

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Disease or Infections"
value = 2.85

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable"
value = 2.77

[[workContext]]
name = "Public Speaking"
value = 2.75

[[workContext]]
name = "Written Letters and Memos"
value = 2.75

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Standing"
value = 2.72

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Walking or Running"
value = 2.64

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions"
value = 2.62

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Contaminants"
value = 2.04

[[workContext]]
name = "Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions"
value = 1.92

[[workContext]]
name = "Health and Safety of Other Workers"
value = 1.91

[[workContext]]
name = "Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets"
value = 1.88

[[workContext]]
name = "Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People"
value = 1.81

[[workContext]]
name = "Degree of Automation"
value = 1.8

[[workContext]]
name = "Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection"
value = 1.67

[[workContext]]
name = "Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment"
value = 1.59

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls"
value = 1.55

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions"
value = 1.53

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Radiation"
value = 1.53

[[personFit]]
name = "Humanities"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 5.33

[[personFit]]
name = "Conventional"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 4.79

[[personFit]]
name = "Artistic"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 4.28

[[personFit]]
name = "Dependability"
family = "work_style"
value = 4

[[personFit]]
name = "Social"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 3.48

[[personFit]]
name = "Health Care Service"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 3.48

[[personFit]]
name = "Law"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 3.38

[[personFit]]
name = "Investigative"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 3.19

[[personFit]]
name = "Attention to Detail"
family = "work_style"
value = 3

[[personFit]]
name = "Integrity"
family = "work_style"
value = 2.76

[[personFit]]
name = "Personal Service"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 2.72

[[personFit]]
name = "Social Service"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 2.58

[[personFit]]
name = "Office Work"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 2.28

[[personFit]]
name = "Social Science"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 2.27

[[personFit]]
name = "Teaching/Education"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 2.12

[[personFit]]
name = "Public Speaking"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 2.03

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1127.00"
slug = "role-29-1127-00"
title = "Speech-Language Pathologists"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "25-1124.00"
slug = "role-25-1124-00"
title = "Foreign Language and Literature Teachers, Postsecondary"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "31-9099.01"
slug = "role-31-9099-01"
title = "Speech-Language Pathology Assistants"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "25-3011.00"
slug = "role-25-3011-00"
title = "Adult Basic Education, Adult Secondary Education, and English as a Second Language Instructors"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "25-1123.00"
slug = "role-25-1123-00"
title = "English Language and Literature Teachers, Postsecondary"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "25-3041.00"
slug = "role-25-3041-00"
title = "Tutors"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "43-9081.00"
slug = "role-43-9081-00"
title = "Proofreaders and Copy Markers"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "25-2031.00"
slug = "role-25-2031-00"
title = "Secondary School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "19-4061.00"
slug = "role-19-4061-00"
title = "Social Science Research Assistants"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "27-3042.00"
slug = "role-27-3042-00"
title = "Technical Writers"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "43-9022.00"
slug = "role-43-9022-00"
title = "Word Processors and Typists"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "25-4022.00"
slug = "role-25-4022-00"
title = "Librarians and Media Collections Specialists"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Education"
slug = "education"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Public Service & Safety"
slug = "public-service-safety"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group Studies"
slug = "area-ethnic-cultural-gender-and-group-studies"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Education"
slug = "education"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Foreign Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics"
slug = "foreign-languages-literatures-and-linguistics"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Legal Professions and Studies"
slug = "legal-professions-and-studies"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Multi/Interdisciplinary Studies"
slug = "multi-interdisciplinary-studies"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "frey_osborne"
label = "Computerization probability"
score = 0.38
scale = "0-1 probability"
release = "2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "AI occupational exposure"
score = 1.111319
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_image_generation_aioe"
label = "Image generation occupational exposure"
score = -0.0626596
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_language_modeling_aioe"
label = "Language modeling occupational exposure"
score = 1.351959
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"
