{
  "entityType": "role",
  "schemaVersion": "role.v1",
  "slug": "role-27-2023-00",
  "socCode": "27-2023.00",
  "title": "Umpires, Referees, and Other Sports Officials",
  "summary": "Officiate at competitive athletic or sporting events. Detect infractions of rules and decide penalties according to established regulations. Includes all sporting officials, referees, and competition judges.",
  "aliases": [
    "Horse Show Judge",
    "Major League Baseball Umpire (MLB Umpire)",
    "Referee",
    "Sports Official",
    "Basketball Referee",
    "Diving Judge",
    "Dressage Judge",
    "Football Referee",
    "Soccer Referee",
    "Softball Umpire",
    "Athletic Events Scorer",
    "Baseball Coach"
  ],
  "tasks": [
    {
      "text": "Officiate at sporting events, games, or competitions, to maintain standards of play and to ensure that game rules are observed.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.1.d"
    },
    {
      "text": "Judge performances in sporting competitions to award points, impose scoring penalties, and determine results.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.1.d"
    },
    {
      "text": "Inspect game sites for compliance with regulations or safety requirements.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.2.e"
    },
    {
      "text": "Resolve claims of rule infractions or complaints by participants and assess any necessary penalties, according to regulations.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.1.d"
    },
    {
      "text": "Verify scoring calculations before competition winners are announced.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.2.a"
    },
    {
      "text": "Signal participants or other officials to make them aware of infractions or to otherwise regulate play or competition.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.1.d"
    },
    {
      "text": "Teach and explain the rules and regulations governing a specific sport.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.5.a"
    },
    {
      "text": "Start races and competitions.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.1.d"
    },
    {
      "text": "Inspect sporting equipment or examine participants to ensure compliance with event and safety regulations.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.2.f"
    },
    {
      "text": "Compile scores and other athletic records.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.2.c"
    },
    {
      "text": "Verify credentials of participants in sporting events, and make other qualifying determinations, such as starting order or handicap number.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.2.a"
    },
    {
      "text": "Keep track of event times, including race times and elapsed time during game segments, starting or stopping play when necessary.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.1.d"
    }
  ],
  "emergingTasks": [],
  "activities": [
    {
      "name": "Inspect work sites to identify potential environmental or safety hazards.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.2.e"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inspect facilities, equipment or supplies to ensure conformance to standards.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.2.e"
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordinate athletic or sporting events or activities.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.1.d"
    },
    {
      "name": "Evaluate skills of athletes or performers.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.1.d"
    },
    {
      "name": "Monitor activities of individuals to ensure safety or compliance with rules.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.2.f"
    },
    {
      "name": "Determine operational compliance with regulations or standards.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.2.k"
    },
    {
      "name": "Verify accuracy of data.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.2.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Investigate work related complaints to determine corrective actions.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.1.v"
    },
    {
      "name": "Discuss performance, complaints, or violations with supervisors.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.a.2.c"
    },
    {
      "name": "Coach others.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.5.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Observe individuals' activities to gather information or compile evidence.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.1.o"
    },
    {
      "name": "Investigate personal characteristics or activities of individuals.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.1.o"
    },
    {
      "name": "Compile technical information or documentation.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.2.c"
    }
  ],
  "capabilities": [
    {
      "name": "Oral Expression",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Far Vision",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Near Vision",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Speaking",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Problem Sensitivity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Clarity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.43
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Listening",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Judgment and Decision Making",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Recognition",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Monitoring",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Flexibility of Closure",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Perceptual Speed",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Selective Attention",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Sharing",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Learning",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Learning Strategies",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Social Perceptiveness",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordination",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Complex Problem Solving",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Memorization",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Speed of Closure",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Trunk Strength",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Education and Training",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 2.9
    },
    {
      "name": "Instructing",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Management",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Expression",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Category Flexibility",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Stamina",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Administration and Management",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 2.85
    },
    {
      "name": "Writing",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 2.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Persuasion",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Negotiation",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.75
    }
  ],
  "skills": [
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Recognition",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Listening",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Social Perceptiveness",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Word",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft PowerPoint",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Outlook",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Excel",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Learning Strategies",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Complex Problem Solving",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Adobe Acrobat",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Learning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Management",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Instructing",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Writing",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Negotiation",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Visualization",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Psychology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Video Editing Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Analysis",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Email Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Depth Perception",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Database Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Finger Dexterity",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Biology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Physics",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Telecommunications",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Geography",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Foreign Language",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chemistry",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Equipment Selection",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Equipment Maintenance",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Presentation Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Installation",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    }
  ],
  "tools": [
    {
      "example": "Adobe Acrobat",
      "category": "Document management software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Excel",
      "category": "Spreadsheet software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Office software",
      "category": "Office suite software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Outlook",
      "category": "Electronic mail software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft PowerPoint",
      "category": "Presentation software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Word",
      "category": "Word processing software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Database software",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Email software",
      "category": "Electronic mail software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Video editing software",
      "category": "Video creation and editing software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Web browser software",
      "category": "Internet browser software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    }
  ],
  "workContext": [
    {
      "name": "Freedom to Make Decisions",
      "value": 4.52
    },
    {
      "name": "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Standing",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams",
      "value": 3.95
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate",
      "value": 3.95
    },
    {
      "name": "Contact With Others",
      "value": 3.9
    },
    {
      "name": "Physical Proximity",
      "value": 3.85
    },
    {
      "name": "E-Mail",
      "value": 3.76
    },
    {
      "name": "Level of Competition",
      "value": 3.48
    },
    {
      "name": "Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions",
      "value": 3.45
    },
    {
      "name": "Telephone Conversations",
      "value": 3.43
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Walking or Running",
      "value": 3.43
    },
    {
      "name": "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results",
      "value": 3.33
    },
    {
      "name": "Frequency of Decision Making",
      "value": 3.29
    },
    {
      "name": "Conflict Situations",
      "value": 3.19
    },
    {
      "name": "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People",
      "value": 3.14
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities",
      "value": 3.05
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Pressure",
      "value": 3.05
    },
    {
      "name": "Deal With External Customers or the Public in General",
      "value": 2.9
    },
    {
      "name": "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals",
      "value": 2.86
    },
    {
      "name": "Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled",
      "value": 2.67
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures",
      "value": 2.65
    },
    {
      "name": "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers",
      "value": 2.63
    },
    {
      "name": "Health and Safety of Other Workers",
      "value": 2.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks",
      "value": 2.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable",
      "value": 2.58
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions",
      "value": 2.48
    },
    {
      "name": "Public Speaking",
      "value": 2.43
    },
    {
      "name": "Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets",
      "value": 2.33
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body",
      "value": 2.29
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Letters and Memos",
      "value": 2.24
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions",
      "value": 2.2
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance",
      "value": 2.19
    },
    {
      "name": "Consequence of Error",
      "value": 2.19
    },
    {
      "name": "Indoors, Environmentally Controlled",
      "value": 2.14
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Sitting",
      "value": 2.1
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling",
      "value": 2.1
    },
    {
      "name": "Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People",
      "value": 2.05
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Contaminants",
      "value": 1.9
    },
    {
      "name": "Outdoors, Under Cover",
      "value": 1.8
    }
  ],
  "preparation": {
    "jobZone": "2",
    "jobZoneName": "Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed",
    "education": "Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not.",
    "experience": "Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little training or previous experience, while agricultural equipment operators can benefit from on-the job training.",
    "svpRange": "(Below 6.0)",
    "educationDistribution": [
      {
        "label": "High School Diploma",
        "percentage": 42.86
      },
      {
        "label": "Less than a High School Diploma",
        "percentage": 23.81
      },
      {
        "label": "Bachelor's Degree",
        "percentage": 14.29
      },
      {
        "label": "Post-Secondary Certificate",
        "percentage": 9.52
      },
      {
        "label": "Associate's Degree (or other 2-year degree)",
        "percentage": 4.76
      },
      {
        "label": "Doctoral Degree",
        "percentage": 4.76
      }
    ]
  },
  "personFit": [
    {
      "name": "Athletics",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 6.78
    },
    {
      "name": "Dependability",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 6
    },
    {
      "name": "Enterprising",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 5.77
    },
    {
      "name": "Attention to Detail",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 5
    },
    {
      "name": "Conventional",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 4.53
    },
    {
      "name": "Realistic",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 4.3
    },
    {
      "name": "Integrity",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Social",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 3.44
    },
    {
      "name": "Public Speaking",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 3.21
    },
    {
      "name": "Self-Control",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Management/Administration",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 2.79
    },
    {
      "name": "Teaching/Education",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 2.61
    },
    {
      "name": "Protective Service",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 2.6
    },
    {
      "name": "Stress Tolerance",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 2.43
    },
    {
      "name": "Self-Confidence",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 2.36
    },
    {
      "name": "Cautiousness",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 1.99
    }
  ],
  "relatedRoles": [
    {
      "socCode": "27-2022.00",
      "slug": "role-27-2022-00",
      "title": "Coaches and Scouts",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "27-2021.00",
      "slug": "role-27-2021-00",
      "title": "Athletes and Sports Competitors",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "39-3091.00",
      "slug": "role-39-3091-00",
      "title": "Amusement and Recreation Attendants",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "39-1014.00",
      "slug": "role-39-1014-00",
      "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "39-9031.00",
      "slug": "role-39-9031-00",
      "title": "Exercise Trainers and Group Fitness Instructors",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "33-1012.00",
      "slug": "role-33-1012-00",
      "title": "First-Line Supervisors of Police and Detectives",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "39-2011.00",
      "slug": "role-39-2011-00",
      "title": "Animal Trainers",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "13-1041.00",
      "slug": "role-13-1041-00",
      "title": "Compliance Officers",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "25-3021.00",
      "slug": "role-25-3021-00",
      "title": "Self-Enrichment Teachers",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "33-3011.00",
      "slug": "role-33-3011-00",
      "title": "Bailiffs",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "29-9091.00",
      "slug": "role-29-9091-00",
      "title": "Athletic Trainers",
      "tier": "Supplemental"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "39-9032.00",
      "slug": "role-39-9032-00",
      "title": "Recreation Workers",
      "tier": "Supplemental"
    }
  ],
  "careerClusters": [
    {
      "cluster": "Arts, Entertainment, & Design",
      "slug": "arts-entertainment-design"
    }
  ],
  "educationLevel": {
    "category": "High school diploma or equivalent",
    "slug": "high-school-diploma-or-equivalent"
  },
  "studyPrograms": [],
  "market": {
    "medianWage": 38820,
    "meanWage": 52800,
    "pct10Wage": 25070,
    "pct25Wage": 30920,
    "pct75Wage": 53560,
    "pct90Wage": 93180,
    "employment": 15080,
    "areaTitle": "U.S."
  },
  "industries": {
    "top": [
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