entityType = "role"
schemaVersion = "role.v1"
slug = "role-27-1021-00"
socCode = "27-1021.00"
title = "Commercial and Industrial Designers"
summary = "Design and develop manufactured products, such as cars, home appliances, and children's toys. Combine artistic talent with research on product use, marketing, and materials to create the most functional and appealing product design."
aliases = ["Design Engineer", "Designer", "Industrial Designer", "Product Designer", "Mechanical Designer", "Mold Designer", "Product Design Engineer", "Product Development Engineer", "Sign Designer", "Art Glass Designer", "Automobile Designer", "Bank Note Designer"]
emergingTasks = []

[preparation]
jobZone = "4"
jobZoneName = "Job Zone Four: Considerable Preparation Needed"
education = "Most of these occupations require a four-year bachelor's degree, but some do not."
experience = "A considerable amount of work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is needed for these occupations. For example, an accountant must complete four years of college and work for several years in accounting to be considered qualified."
svpRange = "(7.0 to < 8.0)"

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Bachelor's Degree"
percentage = 67.92

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Some College Courses"
percentage = 15.23

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Associate's Degree (or other 2-year degree)"
percentage = 12.26

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "High School Diploma"
percentage = 4.3

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Post-Secondary Certificate"
percentage = 0.29

[educationLevel]
category = "Bachelor's degree"
slug = "bachelor-s-degree"

[market]
medianWage = 79450
meanWage = 88000
pct10Wage = 49390
pct25Wage = 62040
pct75Wage = 103170
pct90Wage = 134840
employment = 30250
areaTitle = "U.S."

[industries]
count = 22

[[industries.top]]
naics = "31-33"
slug = "31-33"
title = "Manufacturing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 10250
medianWage = 76240
lq = 4.09

[[industries.top]]
naics = "54"
slug = "54"
title = "Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 7130
medianWage = 89920
lq = 3.37

[[industries.top]]
naics = "42"
slug = "42"
title = "Wholesale Trade"
level = "Sector"
employment = 4610
medianWage = 82300
lq = 3.89

[[industries.top]]
naics = "55"
slug = "55"
title = "Management of Companies and Enterprises"
level = "Sector"
employment = 3220
medianWage = 98240
lq = 5.84

[[industries.top]]
naics = "541330"
slug = "541330"
title = "Engineering Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 1650
medianWage = 81870
lq = 7.27

[[industries.top]]
naics = "44-45"
slug = "44-45"
title = "Retail Trade"
level = "Sector"
employment = 1510
medianWage = 67980
lq = 0.49

[[industries.top]]
naics = "23"
slug = "23"
title = "Construction"
level = "Sector"
employment = 1290
medianWage = 72640
lq = 0.81

[[industries.top]]
naics = "56"
slug = "56"
title = "Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 1090
medianWage = 79490
lq = 0.62

[[industries.top]]
naics = "541380"
slug = "541380"
title = "Testing Laboratories and Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 620
medianWage = 102860
lq = 18.55

[[industries.top]]
naics = "238220"
slug = "238220"
title = "Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors"
level = "National industry"
employment = 570
medianWage = 66930
lq = 2.29

[[industries.top]]
naics = "561320"
slug = "561320"
title = "Temporary Help Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 490
medianWage = 90790
lq = 0.94

[[industries.top]]
naics = "51"
slug = "51"
title = "Information"
level = "Sector"
employment = 230
medianWage = 108530
lq = 0.4

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "339910"
slug = "339910"
title = "Jewelry and Silverware Manufacturing"
level = "National industry"
employment = 160
lq = 40.94

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "541380"
slug = "541380"
title = "Testing Laboratories and Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 620
lq = 18.55

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "541330"
slug = "541330"
title = "Engineering Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 1650
lq = 7.27

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "55"
slug = "55"
title = "Management of Companies and Enterprises"
level = "Sector"
employment = 3220
lq = 5.84

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "31-33"
slug = "31-33"
title = "Manufacturing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 10250
lq = 4.09

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "42"
slug = "42"
title = "Wholesale Trade"
level = "Sector"
employment = 4610
lq = 3.89

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "54"
slug = "54"
title = "Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 7130
lq = 3.37

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "238220"
slug = "238220"
title = "Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors"
level = "National industry"
employment = 570
lq = 2.29

[aiOutlook]
teleworkable = true
usageRelease = "2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2"

[aiOutlook.index]
value = 74
percentile = 75
band = "High"
version = "ai-exposure-index-v1"
componentCount = 3

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 69
source = "felten_aioe"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 83
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 70
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"

[aiOutlook.freyHistorical]
source = "frey"
label = "Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)"
value = 0.037
percentile = 21
band = "Low"
note = "A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking."

[aiOutlook.eloundou]
alpha = 0
beta = 0.46551724137931033
gamma = 0.9310344827586207

[aiOutlook.bls]
growthPercent = 3.2
growthPercentile = 54
direction = "About average"
annualOpeningsThousands = 2.5
annualOpeningsPercentile = 33
employment2024Thousands = 30.6
employment2034Thousands = 31.6

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.)"
value = 0.867039
percentile = 69
band = "High"
note = "How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "eloundou_gamma"
label = "LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou)"
value = 0.9310344827586207
percentile = 83
band = "High"
note = "Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "microsoft_applicability"
label = "AI assistant applicability (Microsoft)"
value = 0.20896089453522876
percentile = 70
band = "High"
note = "How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement."

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Read publications, attend showings, and study competing products and design styles and motifs to obtain perspective and generate design concepts."
usagePercent = 0.009140993143228065
importance = 3.09

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Advise corporations on issues involving corporate image projects or problems."
usagePercent = 0.009038285355101906
importance = 1.91

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Modify and refine designs, using working models, to conform with customer specifications, production limitations, or changes in design trends."
usagePercent = 0.005648928346938691
importance = 4.34

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Participate in new product planning or market research, including studying the potential need for new products."
usagePercent = 0.002567694703153951
importance = 3.28

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "bls_employment_projections"
version = "2024-2034"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "dingel_neiman"
version = "dingel-neiman-workathome"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "felten_aioe"
version = "felten-raj-seamans-aioe"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "frey_osborne"
version = "frey-osborne-automation"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"
version = "working-with-ai"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"
version = "gpts-are-gpts"

[aiPlaybook]
trustedTaskCount = 2
taskCount = 4
totalSample = 208
autonomyMedian = 4
dominantCollaboration = "directive"
automationShare = 30.18
augmentationShare = 43.79
workUsePercent = 54.44
release = "2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2"

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "directive"
percent = 30.18

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "task iteration"
percent = 25.44

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "learning"
percent = 9.47

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "validation"
percent = 8.88

[[aiPlaybook.useCase]]
label = "work"
percent = 54.44

[[aiPlaybook.useCase]]
label = "personal"
percent = 31.95

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Read publications, attend showings, and study competing products and design styles and motifs to obtain perspective and generate design concepts."
usagePercent = 0.010801350168771096
collaboration = "task iteration"
autonomyMedian = 4
sampleCount = 108

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Advise corporations on issues involving corporate image projects or problems."
usagePercent = 0.006100762595324416
collaboration = "directive"
autonomyMedian = 4
sampleCount = 61

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Advise corporations on issues involving corporate image projects or problems."
humanNeededPercent = 100
sampleCount = 61

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Read publications, attend showings, and study competing products and design styles and motifs to obtain perspective and generate design concepts."
humanNeededPercent = 92.5925925925926
sampleCount = 108

[[aiPlaybook.seedPrompts]]
prompt = "Let's work through this together, step by step: read publications, attend showings, and study competing products and design styles and motifs to obtain perspective and generate design concepts. I'll give feedback as we go."
collaboration = "task iteration"

[[aiPlaybook.seedPrompts]]
prompt = "Do this for me: advise corporations on issues involving corporate image projects or problems. Give me a finished draft I can review and adjust."
collaboration = "directive"

[counts]
tasks = 17
skills = 57
capabilities = 120
tools = 61
relatedRoles = 20

[source]
dataset = "gold.onet_role_starter_surface"
version = "30.3"
generatedAt = "2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00"
contentHash = "409591e172a9f604"

[[tasks]]
text = "Prepare sketches of ideas, detailed drawings, illustrations, artwork, or blueprints, using drafting instruments, paints and brushes, or computer-aided design equipment."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.o"

[[tasks]]
text = "Modify and refine designs, using working models, to conform with customer specifications, production limitations, or changes in design trends."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.t"

[[tasks]]
text = "Evaluate feasibility of design ideas, based on factors such as appearance, safety, function, serviceability, budget, production costs/methods, and market characteristics."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.a.1.e"

[[tasks]]
text = "Confer with engineering, marketing, production, or sales departments, or with customers, to establish and evaluate design concepts for manufactured products."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.2.h"

[[tasks]]
text = "Present designs and reports to customers or design committees for approval and discuss need for modification."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.a.1.a"

[[tasks]]
text = "Develop industrial standards and regulatory guidelines."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.e"

[[tasks]]
text = "Research production specifications, costs, production materials, and manufacturing methods and provide cost estimates and itemized production requirements."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.b.3.b"

[[tasks]]
text = "Coordinate the look and function of product lines."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.t"

[[tasks]]
text = "Direct and coordinate the fabrication of models or samples and the drafting of working drawings and specification sheets from sketches."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.b.4.i"

[[tasks]]
text = "Develop manufacturing procedures and monitor the manufacture of their designs in a factory to improve operations and product quality."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.a.2.b"

[[tasks]]
text = "Investigate product characteristics such as the product's safety and handling qualities, its market appeal, how efficiently it can be produced, and ways of distributing, using, and maintaining it."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.n"

[[tasks]]
text = "Participate in new product planning or market research, including studying the potential need for new products."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.n"

[[activities]]
name = "Draw detailed or technical illustrations."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.o"

[[activities]]
name = "Coordinate construction or installation activities."
iwa = "4.A.4.b.4.i"

[[activities]]
name = "Develop artistic or design concepts for decoration, exhibition, or commercial purposes."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.t"

[[activities]]
name = "Collaborate with others to develop or refine designs."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.2.h"

[[activities]]
name = "Present work to clients for approval."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.1.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Evaluate quality of materials or products."
iwa = "4.A.2.a.1.e"

[[activities]]
name = "Evaluate potential of products, technologies, or resources."
iwa = "4.A.2.a.1.g"

[[activities]]
name = "Evaluate characteristics of products."
iwa = "4.A.2.a.1.g"

[[activities]]
name = "Monitor current trends."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.2.h"

[[activities]]
name = "Conduct research to inform art, designs, or other work."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.3.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Estimate costs for projects or productions."
iwa = "4.A.1.b.3.b"

[[activities]]
name = "Monitor the productivity or efficiency of industrial operations."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.2.b"

[[activities]]
name = "Establish standards for products, processes, or procedures."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.2.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Coordinate design activities."
iwa = "4.A.4.b.4.e"

[[activities]]
name = "Build models, patterns, or templates."
iwa = "4.A.3.a.2.aj"

[[activities]]
name = "Conduct market research."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.n"

[[activities]]
name = "Develop safety standards, policies, or procedures."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.e"

[[activities]]
name = "Develop promotional strategies or plans."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.c"

[[capabilities]]
name = "Design"
family = "knowledge"
value = 4.71

[[capabilities]]
name = "Engineering and Technology"
family = "knowledge"
value = 4.7

[[capabilities]]
name = "Production and Processing"
family = "knowledge"
value = 4.04

[[capabilities]]
name = "Mechanical"
family = "knowledge"
value = 4.04

[[capabilities]]
name = "Active Listening"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Computers and Electronics"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.9

[[capabilities]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Fluency of Ideas"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Originality"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Near Vision"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Written Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Visualization"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Mathematics"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.72

[[capabilities]]
name = "Problem Sensitivity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Information Ordering"
family = "ability"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
family = "ability"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "English Language"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.57

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speaking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Clarity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Operations Analysis"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Judgment and Decision Making"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Time Management"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Visual Color Discrimination"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Writing"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Monitoring"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Coordination"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Persuasion"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Technology Design"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Written Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Category Flexibility"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Flexibility of Closure"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Selective Attention"
family = "ability"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Physics"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.1

[[skills]]
name = "Active Listening"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Visualization"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Mathematics"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Information Ordering"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "English Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft PowerPoint"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Excel"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Adobe Photoshop"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Adobe Illustrator"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Time Management"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Writing"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Physics"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Systems Analysis"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Word"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Project"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Access"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "JQuery"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Autodesk Revit"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Apple IOS"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Apache Maven"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Adobe InDesign"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Adobe After Effects"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Adobe Acrobat"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Learning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Negotiation"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Learning Strategies"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Instructing"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Finger Dexterity"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Chemistry"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Verilog"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Siemens NX"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "PTC Creo Parametric"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Minitab"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[tools]]
example = "Adobe Creative Cloud software"
category = "Graphics or photo imaging software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Adobe Illustrator"
category = "Graphics or photo imaging software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Adobe Photoshop"
category = "Graphics or photo imaging software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Dassault Systemes SolidWorks"
category = "Computer aided design CAD software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Figma"
category = "Graphical user interface development software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Excel"
category = "Spreadsheet software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Office software"
category = "Office suite software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft PowerPoint"
category = "Presentation software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Adobe Acrobat"
category = "Document management software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Adobe After Effects"
category = "Video creation and editing software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Adobe InDesign"
category = "Desktop publishing software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Apache Maven"
category = "Development environment software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Apple iOS"
category = "Operating system software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Autodesk AutoCAD"
category = "Computer aided design CAD software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Autodesk Revit"
category = "Computer aided design CAD software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "C"
category = "Development environment software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "C#"
category = "Object or component oriented development software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "C++"
category = "Object or component oriented development software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Cascading style sheets CSS"
category = "Web platform development software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "ESRI ArcGIS software"
category = "Geographic information system"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Hypertext markup language HTML"
category = "Web platform development software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "JavaScript"
category = "Web platform development software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "jQuery"
category = "Object or component oriented development software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Access"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Project"
category = "Project management software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Word"
category = "Word processing software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Python"
category = "Object or component oriented development software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "SAP software"
category = "Enterprise resource planning ERP software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "The MathWorks MATLAB"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Trimble SketchUp Pro"
category = "Graphics or photo imaging software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "1CadCam Unigraphics"
category = "Computer aided manufacturing CAM software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Adobe FreeHand MX"
category = "Graphics or photo imaging software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt"
category = "Computer aided design CAD software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Autodesk 3ds Max"
category = "Video creation and editing software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Autodesk AliasStudio"
category = "Computer aided design CAD software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Autodesk Maya"
category = "Computer aided design CAD software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Chaos Group V-Ray"
category = "Video creation and editing software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Corel CorelDraw Graphics Suite"
category = "Graphics or photo imaging software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Corel Painter"
category = "Graphics or photo imaging software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Dassault Systemes CATIA"
category = "Computer aided design CAD software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[workContext]]
name = "E-Mail"
value = 5

[[workContext]]
name = "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams"
value = 4.99

[[workContext]]
name = "Indoors, Environmentally Controlled"
value = 4.94

[[workContext]]
name = "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team"
value = 4.71

[[workContext]]
name = "Telephone Conversations"
value = 4.67

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate"
value = 4.4

[[workContext]]
name = "Contact With Others"
value = 4.38

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Sitting"
value = 4.38

[[workContext]]
name = "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results"
value = 4.28

[[workContext]]
name = "Frequency of Decision Making"
value = 4.08

[[workContext]]
name = "Time Pressure"
value = 4.03

[[workContext]]
name = "Deal With External Customers or the Public in General"
value = 4.01

[[workContext]]
name = "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals"
value = 3.75

[[workContext]]
name = "Freedom to Make Decisions"
value = 3.71

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks"
value = 3.67

[[workContext]]
name = "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities"
value = 3.62

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable"
value = 3.5

[[workContext]]
name = "Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets"
value = 3.39

[[workContext]]
name = "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers"
value = 3.28

[[workContext]]
name = "Level of Competition"
value = 3.21

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Hazardous Equipment"
value = 3.09

[[workContext]]
name = "Health and Safety of Other Workers"
value = 2.98

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls"
value = 2.96

[[workContext]]
name = "Physical Proximity"
value = 2.94

[[workContext]]
name = "Consequence of Error"
value = 2.92

[[workContext]]
name = "Conflict Situations"
value = 2.75

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions"
value = 2.65

[[workContext]]
name = "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People"
value = 2.62

[[workContext]]
name = "Written Letters and Memos"
value = 2.55

[[workContext]]
name = "Public Speaking"
value = 2.49

[[workContext]]
name = "Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled"
value = 2.39

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Contaminants"
value = 2.27

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions"
value = 2.18

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Walking or Running"
value = 2.08

[[workContext]]
name = "In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment"
value = 2.03

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Standing"
value = 2.03

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures"
value = 1.95

[[workContext]]
name = "Degree of Automation"
value = 1.95

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings"
value = 1.71

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions"
value = 1.59

[[personFit]]
name = "Applied Arts and Design"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 6.67

[[personFit]]
name = "Artistic"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 5.54

[[personFit]]
name = "Visual Arts"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 5.29

[[personFit]]
name = "Engineering"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 5.03

[[personFit]]
name = "Realistic"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 4.62

[[personFit]]
name = "Investigative"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 4.06

[[personFit]]
name = "Attention to Detail"
family = "work_style"
value = 4

[[personFit]]
name = "Enterprising"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 3.7

[[personFit]]
name = "Conventional"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 3.47

[[personFit]]
name = "Mechanics/Electronics"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 3.14

[[personFit]]
name = "Marketing/Advertising"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 3

[[personFit]]
name = "Intellectual Curiosity"
family = "work_style"
value = 3

[[personFit]]
name = "Innovation"
family = "work_style"
value = 2.8

[[personFit]]
name = "Construction/Woodwork"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 2.7

[[personFit]]
name = "Public Speaking"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 2.55

[[personFit]]
name = "Mathematics/Statistics"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 2.41

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "17-3013.00"
slug = "role-17-3013-00"
title = "Mechanical Drafters"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-4061.00"
slug = "role-51-4061-00"
title = "Model Makers, Metal and Plastic"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-6092.00"
slug = "role-51-6092-00"
title = "Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-4062.00"
slug = "role-51-4062-00"
title = "Patternmakers, Metal and Plastic"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "27-1022.00"
slug = "role-27-1022-00"
title = "Fashion Designers"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "17-2112.00"
slug = "role-17-2112-00"
title = "Industrial Engineers"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "51-4192.00"
slug = "role-51-4192-00"
title = "Layout Workers, Metal and Plastic"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "17-3027.00"
slug = "role-17-3027-00"
title = "Mechanical Engineering Technologists and Technicians"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "17-2112.03"
slug = "role-17-2112-03"
title = "Manufacturing Engineers"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "17-2131.00"
slug = "role-17-2131-00"
title = "Materials Engineers"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "17-2141.00"
slug = "role-17-2141-00"
title = "Mechanical Engineers"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "27-1012.00"
slug = "role-27-1012-00"
title = "Craft Artists"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Advanced Manufacturing"
slug = "advanced-manufacturing"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Energy & Natural Resources"
slug = "energy-natural-resources"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Engineering/Engineering-Related Technologies/Technicians"
slug = "engineering-engineering-related-technologies-technicians"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Visual and Performing Arts"
slug = "visual-and-performing-arts"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "frey_osborne"
label = "Computerization probability"
score = 0.037
scale = "0-1 probability"
release = "2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "AI occupational exposure"
score = 0.867039
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_image_generation_aioe"
label = "Image generation occupational exposure"
score = 1.973451
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_language_modeling_aioe"
label = "Language modeling occupational exposure"
score = 0.5598583
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"
