{
  "entityType": "role",
  "schemaVersion": "role.v1",
  "slug": "role-19-3094-00",
  "socCode": "19-3094.00",
  "title": "Political Scientists",
  "summary": "Study the origin, development, and operation of political systems. May study topics, such as public opinion, political decisionmaking, and ideology. May analyze the structure and operation of governments, as well as various political entities. May conduct public opinion surveys, analyze election results, or analyze public documents.",
  "aliases": [
    "Citizen Participation Specialist",
    "Government Affairs Researcher",
    "Government Affairs Specialist",
    "Health Policy Analyst",
    "Legislative Affairs Specialist",
    "Legislative Analyst",
    "Legislative Liaison",
    "Legislative Policy Analyst",
    "Local Governance Specialist",
    "Medical Policy Analyst",
    "Policy Advisor",
    "Policy Analyst"
  ],
  "tasks": [
    {
      "text": "Teach political science.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.3.b"
    },
    {
      "text": "Develop and test theories, using information from interviews, newspapers, periodicals, case law, historical papers, polls, or statistical sources.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.u"
    },
    {
      "text": "Maintain current knowledge of government policy decisions.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.3.a"
    },
    {
      "text": "Disseminate research results through academic publications, written reports, or public presentations.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.6.c"
    },
    {
      "text": "Advise political science students.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.6.g"
    },
    {
      "text": "Collect, analyze, and interpret data, such as election results and public opinion surveys, reporting on findings, recommendations, and conclusions.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.g"
    },
    {
      "text": "Interpret and analyze policies, public issues, legislation, or the operations of governments, businesses, and organizations.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.1.r"
    },
    {
      "text": "Identify issues for research and analysis.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.s"
    },
    {
      "text": "Serve on committees.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.4.b"
    },
    {
      "text": "Forecast political, economic, and social trends.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.b"
    },
    {
      "text": "Consult with and advise government officials, civic bodies, research agencies, the media, political parties, and others concerned with political issues.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.6.h"
    },
    {
      "text": "Evaluate programs and policies, and make related recommendations to institutions and organizations.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.1.b"
    }
  ],
  "emergingTasks": [],
  "activities": [
    {
      "name": "Advise students on academic or career matters.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.6.g"
    },
    {
      "name": "Advise others on educational matters.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.6.g"
    },
    {
      "name": "Serve on institutional or departmental committees.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.4.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Instruct college students in social sciences or humanities disciplines.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.3.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Prepare scientific or technical reports or presentations.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.6.c"
    },
    {
      "name": "Plan social sciences research.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.s"
    },
    {
      "name": "Develop theories or models of physical phenomena.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.u"
    },
    {
      "name": "Review professional literature to maintain professional knowledge.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.3.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Interpret research or operational data.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.g"
    },
    {
      "name": "Conduct research on social issues.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.1.r"
    },
    {
      "name": "Evaluate civic projects or public policies.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.1.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Advise others on matters of public policy.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.6.h"
    },
    {
      "name": "Prepare information or documentation related to legal or regulatory matters.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.6.n"
    },
    {
      "name": "Forecast economic, political, or social trends.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Present information to the public.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.a.3.b"
    }
  ],
  "capabilities": [
    {
      "name": "Law and Government",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 4.65
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.62
    },
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 4.42
    },
    {
      "name": "Education and Training",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 4.27
    },
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Listening",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Speaking",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Learning",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Expression",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Writing",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Expression",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Clarity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Recognition",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Social Perceptiveness",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Complex Problem Solving",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Judgment and Decision Making",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Problem Sensitivity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Near Vision",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Learning Strategies",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.5
    },
    {
      "name": "Instructing",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.5
    },
    {
      "name": "History and Archeology",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.42
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Communications and Media",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.28
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Sociology and Anthropology",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.19
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Evaluation",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Geography",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Fluency of Ideas",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Originality",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Category Flexibility",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Philosophy and Theology",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.08
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordination",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Service Orientation",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Analysis",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Computers and Electronics",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3
    }
  ],
  "skills": [
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Listening",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Learning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Writing",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Recognition",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Social Perceptiveness",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Complex Problem Solving",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Word",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft PowerPoint",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Outlook",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Excel",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Learning Strategies",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Instructing",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Geography",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Analysis",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Visio",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft SharePoint",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Access",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Adobe Acrobat",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Management",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Negotiation",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Foreign Language",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Psychology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Visualization",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "WinBUGS",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Publisher",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Email Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Telecommunications",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Finger Dexterity",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Depth Perception",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Biology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Physics",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chemistry",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Presentation Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    }
  ],
  "tools": [
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Excel",
      "category": "Spreadsheet software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Office software",
      "category": "Office suite software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Outlook",
      "category": "Electronic mail software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft PowerPoint",
      "category": "Presentation software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Word",
      "category": "Word processing software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Adobe Acrobat",
      "category": "Document management software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "IBM SPSS Statistics",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Access",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Active Server Pages ASP",
      "category": "Web platform development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft SharePoint",
      "category": "Document management software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Visio",
      "category": "Process mapping and design software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Python",
      "category": "Object or component oriented development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "R",
      "category": "Object or component oriented development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "SAP software",
      "category": "Enterprise resource planning ERP software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "SAS",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Tableau",
      "category": "Business intelligence and data analysis software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Bare Bones Software BBEdit",
      "category": "Data base management system software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "CQ Press Political Reference Suite",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Data visualization software",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "DataMystic TextPipe Pro",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "EBSCO Publishing Academic Search Premier",
      "category": "Information retrieval or search software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "EBSCO Publishing Political Science Complete",
      "category": "Information retrieval or search software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Email software",
      "category": "Electronic mail software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Europa World Plus",
      "category": "Information retrieval or search software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "FedStats",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Gale Expanded Academic ASAP PLUS",
      "category": "Information retrieval or search software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "IDM Computer Solutions UltraEdit",
      "category": "Data base management system software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Interuniversity Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) database",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "JSTOR database",
      "category": "Information retrieval or search software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "JudgeIt II",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Library of Congress E-resources Online Catalog",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Publisher",
      "category": "Desktop publishing software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Oxford Reference Online",
      "category": "Information retrieval or search software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "ProQuest Public Affairs Information Service (PAIS) database",
      "category": "Information retrieval or search software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "ProQuest Worldwide Political Science Abstracts",
      "category": "Information retrieval or search software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Sage Reference Online",
      "category": "Information retrieval or search software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "StataCorp Stata",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Structure query language SQL",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "WinBUGS",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    }
  ],
  "workContext": [
    {
      "name": "E-Mail",
      "value": 5
    },
    {
      "name": "Freedom to Make Decisions",
      "value": 4.85
    },
    {
      "name": "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals",
      "value": 4.81
    },
    {
      "name": "Indoors, Environmentally Controlled",
      "value": 4.68
    },
    {
      "name": "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams",
      "value": 4.5
    },
    {
      "name": "Level of Competition",
      "value": 4.32
    },
    {
      "name": "Public Speaking",
      "value": 4.19
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Sitting",
      "value": 4.04
    },
    {
      "name": "Contact With Others",
      "value": 3.92
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate",
      "value": 3.8
    },
    {
      "name": "Telephone Conversations",
      "value": 3.72
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Letters and Memos",
      "value": 3.6
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Pressure",
      "value": 3.27
    },
    {
      "name": "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team",
      "value": 3.08
    },
    {
      "name": "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results",
      "value": 3.04
    },
    {
      "name": "Frequency of Decision Making",
      "value": 2.92
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities",
      "value": 2.83
    },
    {
      "name": "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People",
      "value": 2.72
    },
    {
      "name": "Deal With External Customers or the Public in General",
      "value": 2.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Conflict Situations",
      "value": 2.5
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Standing",
      "value": 2.4
    },
    {
      "name": "Physical Proximity",
      "value": 2.32
    },
    {
      "name": "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers",
      "value": 2.24
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks",
      "value": 2.16
    },
    {
      "name": "Consequence of Error",
      "value": 2.08
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable",
      "value": 2.04
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions",
      "value": 1.85
    },
    {
      "name": "Health and Safety of Other Workers",
      "value": 1.65
    },
    {
      "name": "Degree of Automation",
      "value": 1.64
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Walking or Running",
      "value": 1.4
    },
    {
      "name": "Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled",
      "value": 1.38
    },
    {
      "name": "In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment",
      "value": 1.27
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Disease or Infections",
      "value": 1.2
    },
    {
      "name": "Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People",
      "value": 1.19
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls",
      "value": 1.19
    },
    {
      "name": "Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions",
      "value": 1.16
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures",
      "value": 1.16
    },
    {
      "name": "Outdoors, Under Cover",
      "value": 1.15
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles",
      "value": 1.08
    },
    {
      "name": "Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment",
      "value": 1.08
    }
  ],
  "preparation": {
    "jobZone": "5",
    "jobZoneName": "Job Zone Five: Extensive Preparation Needed",
    "education": "Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree).",
    "experience": "Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations. Many require more than five years of experience. For example, surgeons must complete four years of college and an additional five to seven years of specialized medical training to be able to do their job.",
    "svpRange": "(8.0 and above)",
    "educationDistribution": [
      {
        "label": "Doctoral Degree",
        "percentage": 88.46
      },
      {
        "label": "Master's Degree",
        "percentage": 7.69
      },
      {
        "label": "Post-Doctoral Training",
        "percentage": 3.85
      }
    ]
  },
  "personFit": [
    {
      "name": "Social Science",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 6.81
    },
    {
      "name": "Investigative",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 6.71
    },
    {
      "name": "Politics",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 5.76
    },
    {
      "name": "Humanities",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 5.34
    },
    {
      "name": "Attention to Detail",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 5
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