# Clinical and Counseling Psychologists

> Assess, diagnose, and treat mental and emotional disorders of individuals through observation, interview, and psychological tests. Help individuals with distress or maladjustment understand their problems through their knowledge of case history, interviews with patients, and theory. Provide individual or group counseling services to assist individuals in achieving more effective personal, social, educational, and vocational development and adjustment. May design behavior modification programs and consult with medical personnel regarding the best treatment for patients.
- **Entity Type:** role
- **Schema Version:** role.v1
- **Soc Code:** 19-3033.00
- **Summary:** Assess, diagnose, and treat mental and emotional disorders of individuals through observation, interview, and psychological tests. Help individuals with distress or maladjustment understand their problems through their knowledge of case history, interviews with patients, and theory. Provide individual or group counseling services to assist individuals in achieving more effective personal, social, educational, and vocational development and adjustment. May design behavior modification programs and consult with medical personnel regarding the best treatment for patients.

## Aliases

- Clinical Psychologist
- Counseling Psychologist
- Psychologist
- Psychotherapist
- Case Manager
- Counselor
- LPC (Licensed Professional Counselor)
- Licensed Clinical Psychologist
- Licensed Psychologist
- Therapist
- Applied Behavior Science Specialist (ABSS)
- Assessment Coordinator

## Tasks

| Text | Type | Iwa |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Conduct assessments of patients' risk for harm to self or others. | Core | 4.A.2.a.1.f |
| Document patient information including session notes, progress notes, recommendations, and treatment plans. | Core | 4.A.3.b.6.h |
| Identify psychological, emotional, or behavioral issues and diagnose disorders, using information obtained from interviews, tests, records, or reference materials. | Core | 4.A.2.b.1.f |
| Write reports on clients and maintain required paperwork. | Core | 4.A.3.b.6.c |
| Counsel individuals, groups, or families to help them understand problems, deal with crisis situations, define goals, and develop realistic action plans. | Core | 4.A.4.b.6.j |
| Interact with clients to assist them in gaining insight, defining goals, and planning action to achieve effective personal, social, educational, or vocational development and adjustment. | Core | 4.A.4.b.6.j |
| Collect information about individuals or clients, using interviews, case histories, observational techniques, and other assessment methods. | Core | 4.A.1.a.1.l |
| Evaluate the effectiveness of counseling or treatments and the accuracy and completeness of diagnoses, modifying plans or diagnoses as necessary. | Core | 4.A.2.a.1.b |
| Use a variety of treatment methods, such as psychotherapy, hypnosis, behavior modification, stress reduction therapy, psychodrama, or play therapy. | Core | 4.A.4.b.6.j |
| Develop therapeutic and treatment plans based on clients' interests, abilities, or needs. | Core | 4.A.4.b.6.j |
| Develop and implement individual treatment plans, specifying type, frequency, intensity, and duration of therapy. | Core | 4.A.2.b.2.l |
| Maintain current knowledge of relevant research. | Core | 4.A.2.b.3.a |

## Emerging Tasks


## Activities

| Name | Iwa |
| --- | --- |
| Collect information from people through observation, interviews, or surveys. | 4.A.1.a.1.l |
| Counsel clients on mental health or personal achievement. | 4.A.4.b.6.j |
| Record research or operational data. | 4.A.3.b.6.h |
| Diagnose neural or psychological disorders. | 4.A.2.b.1.f |
| Prepare scientific or technical reports or presentations. | 4.A.3.b.6.c |
| Advise others on healthcare matters. | 4.A.4.b.6.f |
| Collect archival data. | 4.A.1.a.1.d |
| Evaluate the effectiveness of counseling or educational programs. | 4.A.2.a.1.b |
| Modify treatment plans to accommodate client needs. | 4.A.2.b.2.a |
| Administer standardized physical or psychological tests. | 4.A.4.c.2.b |
| Design psychological or educational treatment procedures or programs. | 4.A.2.b.2.l |
| Direct medical science or healthcare programs. | 4.A.4.b.4.e |
| Collaborate with other professionals to assess client needs or plan treatments. | 4.A.4.a.2.d |
| Review professional literature to maintain professional knowledge. | 4.A.2.b.3.a |
| Advise others on educational matters. | 4.A.4.b.6.g |
| Supervise trainees. | 4.A.4.b.4.a |
| Develop educational programs. | 4.A.2.b.2.l |
| Plan social sciences research. | 4.A.2.b.2.s |
| Evaluate patient functioning, capabilities, or health. | 4.A.2.a.1.f |
| Write reports or evaluations. | 4.A.3.b.6.c |
| Train staff members. | 4.A.4.b.3.d |
| Supervise workers providing client or patient services. | 4.A.4.b.4.a |

## Capabilities

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Psychology | knowledge | 5 |
| Therapy and Counseling | knowledge | 5 |
| Reading Comprehension | essential_skill | 4.75 |
| Oral Expression | ability | 4.62 |
| Written Comprehension | ability | 4.5 |
| Social Perceptiveness | transferable_skill | 4.38 |
| Oral Comprehension | ability | 4.38 |
| Problem Sensitivity | ability | 4.38 |
| Active Listening | essential_skill | 4.25 |
| Writing | essential_skill | 4.25 |
| Critical Thinking | essential_skill | 4.25 |
| Written Expression | ability | 4.25 |
| Speaking | essential_skill | 4.12 |
| English Language | knowledge | 4.12 |
| Deductive Reasoning | ability | 4 |
| Inductive Reasoning | ability | 4 |
| Speech Recognition | ability | 4 |
| Speech Clarity | ability | 4 |
| Active Learning | essential_skill | 3.88 |
| Education and Training | knowledge | 3.88 |
| Monitoring | essential_skill | 3.75 |
| Service Orientation | transferable_skill | 3.75 |
| Complex Problem Solving | transferable_skill | 3.75 |
| Judgment and Decision Making | transferable_skill | 3.75 |
| Fluency of Ideas | ability | 3.75 |
| Customer and Personal Service | knowledge | 3.72 |
| Learning Strategies | essential_skill | 3.62 |
| Sociology and Anthropology | knowledge | 3.6 |
| Coordination | transferable_skill | 3.5 |
| Persuasion | transferable_skill | 3.5 |
| Originality | ability | 3.38 |
| Information Ordering | ability | 3.38 |
| Category Flexibility | ability | 3.38 |
| Instructing | transferable_skill | 3.25 |
| Time Management | transferable_skill | 3.25 |
| Selective Attention | ability | 3.25 |
| Near Vision | ability | 3.25 |
| Negotiation | transferable_skill | 3.12 |
| Systems Analysis | transferable_skill | 3 |
| Systems Evaluation | transferable_skill | 3 |

## Skills

| Name | Type |
| --- | --- |
| Psychology | Specialized Skill |
| Reading Comprehension | Common Skill |
| Social Perceptiveness | Common Skill |
| Writing | Common Skill |
| Critical Thinking | Common Skill |
| Active Listening | Common Skill |
| English Language | Common Skill |
| Speech Recognition | Specialized Skill |
| Inductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Deductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Active Learning | Common Skill |
| Complex Problem Solving | Common Skill |
| Learning Strategies | Specialized Skill |
| Microsoft Teams | Specialized Skill |
| Information Ordering | Specialized Skill |
| Time Management | Common Skill |
| Instructing | Specialized Skill |
| Negotiation | Common Skill |
| Systems Analysis | Specialized Skill |
| Microsoft Word | Common Skill |
| Microsoft PowerPoint | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Outlook | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Excel | Common Skill |
| Google Sheets | Common Skill |
| Google Docs | Specialized Skill |
| Google Meet | Specialized Skill |
| Biology | Specialized Skill |
| Mathematics | Common Skill |
| Telecommunications | Specialized Skill |
| Visualization | Specialized Skill |
| Statistical Software | Specialized Skill |
| Foreign Language | Common Skill |
| Chemistry | Specialized Skill |
| Geography | Specialized Skill |
| Depth Perception | Common Skill |
| Physics | Specialized Skill |
| Project Management Software | Specialized Skill |
| Presentation Software | Specialized Skill |
| Medical Software | Specialized Skill |
| Installation | Specialized Skill |

## Tools

| Example | Category | Hot | In Demand |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Microsoft Teams | Project management software | yes | yes |
| Zoom | Video conferencing software | yes | yes |
| eClinicalWorks EHR software | Medical software | yes | no |
| Google Docs | Word processing software | yes | no |
| Google Sheets | Spreadsheet software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Excel | Spreadsheet software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Office software | Office suite software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Outlook | Electronic mail software | yes | no |
| Microsoft PowerPoint | Presentation software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Word | Word processing software | yes | no |
| Google Meet | Video conferencing software | no | yes |
| Addison Health Systems WritePad EHR | Medical software | no | no |
| Anasazi Software Client Data System | Medical software | no | no |
| Athena Software Penelope Case Management | Medical software | no | no |
| B Sharp Technologies B Care | Medical software | no | no |
| BlackHawk Canyon Publishers PracticianWorks | Medical software | no | no |
| Blueberry Harbor Software Clinical Record Keeper | Medical software | no | no |
| Bluewater Management Systems BMCASE | Medical software | no | no |
| BRB Software HorizonMIS | Medical software | no | no |
| Clinivate Clinitrak | Medical software | no | no |
| Comprehensive Affect Testing System CATS | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| Core Solutions Care Enterprise | Medical software | no | no |
| DocuTrac QuicDoc | Medical software | no | no |
| Fagerman Technologies MedLook | Medical software | no | no |
| Health Care Software HCS INTERACTANT | Medical software | no | no |
| Healthcare common procedure coding system HCPCS | Medical software | no | no |
| ICANotes | Medical software | no | no |
| JTL Enterprises MedIntake | Medical software | no | no |
| Mdansby The PsychReport | Medical software | no | no |
| MedEZ behavioral healthcare and substance abuse software | Medical software | no | no |
| Medical Outcome Systems eMINI Software Suite | Medical software | no | no |
| Medicine Rules PowerSEAT 360 | Medical software | no | no |
| MICA Information Systems MICA-MED Practice Manager | Medical software | no | no |
| MPMsoft billing | Billing and invoicing software | no | no |
| MS*Health Software/CMHC | Medical software | no | no |
| My Clients Plus | Medical software | no | no |
| Neuro Innovations Therapist's Toolkit | Medical software | no | no |
| Neurobehavioral Systems Presentation | Medical software | no | no |
| Noldus Information Technology The Observer XT | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| O*NET OnLine | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |

## Work Context

| Name | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams | 4.8 |
| Spend Time Sitting | 4.78 |
| Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals | 4.68 |
| E-Mail | 4.64 |
| Freedom to Make Decisions | 4.64 |
| Contact With Others | 4.52 |
| Indoors, Environmentally Controlled | 4.46 |
| Telephone Conversations | 4.4 |
| Frequency of Decision Making | 4.12 |
| Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results | 4.04 |
| Written Letters and Memos | 4 |
| Consequence of Error | 3.64 |
| Importance of Being Exact or Accurate | 3.56 |
| Time Pressure | 3.56 |
| Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People | 3.48 |
| Deal With External Customers or the Public in General | 3.44 |
| Physical Proximity | 3.44 |
| Level of Competition | 3.32 |
| Conflict Situations | 3.28 |
| Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team | 3.08 |
| Health and Safety of Other Workers | 2.88 |
| Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities | 2.56 |
| Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers | 2.56 |
| Public Speaking | 2.44 |
| Exposed to Disease or Infections | 2.32 |
| Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People | 2.28 |
| Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable | 1.92 |
| Importance of Repeating Same Tasks | 1.84 |
| Spend Time Standing | 1.78 |
| Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions | 1.68 |
| Spend Time Walking or Running | 1.67 |
| Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls | 1.67 |
| Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled | 1.52 |
| In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment | 1.52 |
| Degree of Automation | 1.48 |
| Outdoors, Under Cover | 1.38 |
| Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions | 1.33 |
| Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions | 1.28 |
| Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures | 1.24 |
| Exposed to Contaminants | 1.24 |

## Preparation

- **Job Zone:** 5
- **Job Zone Name:** Job Zone Five: Extensive Preparation Needed
- **Education:** Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree).
- **Experience:** Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations. Many require more than five years of experience. For example, surgeons must complete four years of college and an additional five to seven years of specialized medical training to be able to do their job.
- **Svp Range:** (8.0 and above)

### Education Distribution

| Label | Percentage |
| --- | --- |
| Post-Doctoral Training | 48 |
| Doctoral Degree | 44 |
| Master's Degree | 8 |

## Person Fit

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Attention to Detail | work_style | 10 |
| Integrity | work_style | 9 |
| Intellectual Curiosity | work_style | 8 |
| Cooperation | work_style | 7 |
| Social Science | specific_interest_area | 6.72 |
| Social | career_interest_type | 6.57 |
| Social Service | specific_interest_area | 6.49 |
| Achievement Orientation | work_style | 6 |
| Professional Advising | specific_interest_area | 5.83 |
| Health Care Service | specific_interest_area | 5.73 |
| Investigative | career_interest_type | 5.58 |
| Teaching/Education | specific_interest_area | 5 |
| Social Orientation | work_style | 5 |
| Self-Control | work_style | 4 |
| Conventional | career_interest_type | 3.49 |
| Artistic | career_interest_type | 3.06 |

## Related Roles

| Soc Code | Slug | Title | Tier |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 21-1023.00 | role-21-1023-00 | Mental Health and Substance Abuse Social Workers | Primary-Short |
| 21-1013.00 | role-21-1013-00 | Marriage and Family Therapists | Primary-Short |
| 21-1014.00 | role-21-1014-00 | Mental Health Counselors | Primary-Short |
| 29-1223.00 | role-29-1223-00 | Psychiatrists | Primary-Short |
| 21-1022.00 | role-21-1022-00 | Healthcare Social Workers | Primary-Short |
| 19-3034.00 | role-19-3034-00 | School Psychologists | Primary-Long |
| 19-3039.02 | role-19-3039-02 | Neuropsychologists | Primary-Long |
| 19-3039.03 | role-19-3039-03 | Clinical Neuropsychologists | Primary-Long |
| 29-1141.02 | role-29-1141-02 | Advanced Practice Psychiatric Nurses | Primary-Long |
| 21-1011.00 | role-21-1011-00 | Substance Abuse and Behavioral Disorder Counselors | Primary-Long |
| 29-2053.00 | role-29-2053-00 | Psychiatric Technicians | Supplemental |
| 21-1015.00 | role-21-1015-00 | Rehabilitation Counselors | Supplemental |

## Career Clusters

| Cluster | Slug |
| --- | --- |
| Healthcare & Human Services | healthcare-human-services |

## Education Level

- **Category:** Doctoral or professional degree

## Study Programs

| Title | Slug |
| --- | --- |
| Health Professions and Related Programs | health-professions-and-related-programs |
| Psychology | psychology |

## Market

- **Median Wage:** 95830
- **Mean Wage:** 106850
- **Pct10Wage:** 50470
- **Pct25Wage:** 67470
- **Pct75Wage:** 131510
- **Pct90Wage:** 170150
- **Employment:** 72190
- **Area Title:** U.S.

## Industries


### Top

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Median Wage | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 62 | 62 | Health Care and Social Assistance | Sector | 60400 | 95990 | 5.58 |
| 621330 | 621330 | Offices of Mental Health Practitioners (except Physicians) | National industry | 27950 | 95750 | 246.87 |
| 621420 | 621420 | Outpatient Mental Health and Substance Abuse Centers | National industry | 4740 | 85940 | 32.7 |
| 61 | 61 | Educational Services | Sector | 3040 | 83780 | 0.48 |
| 624120 | 624120 | Services for the Elderly and Persons with Disabilities | National industry | 2150 | 80430 | 1.9 |
| 54 | 54 | Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services | Sector | 1970 | 87060 | 0.39 |
| 621340 | 621340 | Offices of Physical, Occupational and Speech Therapists, and Audiologists | National industry | 1030 | 82030 | 4.62 |
| 623220 | 623220 | Residential Mental Health and Substance Abuse Facilities | National industry | 890 | 74980 | 7.35 |
| 541720 | 541720 | Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities | National industry | 480 |  | 16.86 |
| 56 | 56 | Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services | Sector | 450 |  | 0.11 |
| 561320 | 561320 | Temporary Help Services | National industry | 380 |  | 0.31 |
| 623210 | 623210 | Residential Intellectual and Developmental Disability Facilities | National industry | 330 | 73170 | 1.81 |

### Concentrated

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 621330 | 621330 | Offices of Mental Health Practitioners (except Physicians) | National industry | 27950 | 246.87 |
| 621420 | 621420 | Outpatient Mental Health and Substance Abuse Centers | National industry | 4740 | 32.7 |
| 541720 | 541720 | Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities | National industry | 480 | 16.86 |
| 623220 | 623220 | Residential Mental Health and Substance Abuse Facilities | National industry | 890 | 7.35 |
| 62 | 62 | Health Care and Social Assistance | Sector | 60400 | 5.58 |
| 621340 | 621340 | Offices of Physical, Occupational and Speech Therapists, and Audiologists | National industry | 1030 | 4.62 |
| 624120 | 624120 | Services for the Elderly and Persons with Disabilities | National industry | 2150 | 1.9 |
| 623210 | 623210 | Residential Intellectual and Developmental Disability Facilities | National industry | 330 | 1.81 |
- **Count:** 16

## Ai Signals


## Ai Outlook


### Index

- **Value:** 62
- **Percentile:** 61
- **Band:** Moderate
- **Version:** ai-exposure-index-v1

#### Components

| Percentile | Source |
| --- | --- |
| 53 | openai_gpts_are_gpts |
| 72 | microsoft_working_with_ai |
- **Component Count:** 2

### Exposure

| Source | Label | Value | Percentile | Band | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| eloundou_gamma | LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou) | 0.6481481481481481 | 53 | Moderate | Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank. |
| microsoft_applicability | AI assistant applicability (Microsoft) | 0.21139365489709533 | 72 | High | How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement. |

### Eloundou

- **Alpha:** 0.09259259259259259
- **Beta:** 0.37037037037037035
- **Gamma:** 0.6481481481481481

### Usage Tasks

| Task | Usage Percent | Importance |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Advise clients on how they could be helped by counseling. | 0.025779654819665664 | 3.92 |
| Plan, supervise, and conduct psychological research and write papers describing research results. | 0.007497668533209536 | 2.89 |
| Collect information about individuals or clients, using interviews, case histories, observational techniques, and other assessment methods. | 0.005854343923191008 | 4.39 |
| Consult with other professionals, agencies, or universities to discuss therapies, treatments, counseling resources or techniques, and to share occupational information. | 0.004416434889424795 | 3.58 |
| Document patient information including session notes, progress notes, recommendations, and treatment plans. | 0.0031839414319108986 | 4.8 |
| Consult with or provide consultation to other doctors, therapists, or clinicians regarding patient care. | 0.0018487401862708444 | 3.96 |
- **Usage Release:** 2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2

### Bls

- **Growth Percent:** 11.2
- **Growth Percentile:** 94
- **Direction:** Growing fast
- **Annual Openings Thousands:** 4.8
- **Annual Openings Percentile:** 48
- **Employment2024Thousands:** 76.3
- **Employment2034Thousands:** 84.8

### Sources

| Source | Version |
| --- | --- |
| bls_employment_projections | 2024-2034 |
| microsoft_working_with_ai | working-with-ai |
| openai_gpts_are_gpts | gpts-are-gpts |

## Counts

- **Tasks:** 30
- **Skills:** 43
- **Capabilities:** 120
- **Tools:** 57
- **Related Roles:** 20

## Source

- **Dataset:** gold.onet_role_starter_surface
- **Version:** 30.3
- **Generated At:** 2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00
- **Content Hash:** a67f9cce9c947a5c