{
  "entityType": "role",
  "schemaVersion": "role.v1",
  "slug": "role-19-3011-01",
  "socCode": "19-3011.01",
  "title": "Environmental Economists",
  "summary": "Conduct economic analysis related to environmental protection and use of the natural environment, such as water, air, land, and renewable energy resources. Evaluate and quantify benefits, costs, incentives, and impacts of alternative options using economic principles and statistical techniques.",
  "aliases": [
    "Environmental Economist",
    "Natural Resource Economist",
    "Research Economist",
    "Resource Economist",
    "Agricultural Economist",
    "Ecological Economist",
    "Energy Economist",
    "Environment and Natural Resources Economics Researcher",
    "Environmental Protection Economist",
    "Marine Resource Economist",
    "Natural Resource Specialist"
  ],
  "tasks": [
    {
      "text": "Write technical documents or academic articles to communicate study results or economic forecasts.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.b"
    },
    {
      "text": "Conduct research on economic and environmental topics, such as alternative fuel use, public and private land use, soil conservation, air and water pollution control, and endangered species protection.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.1.j"
    },
    {
      "text": "Collect and analyze data to compare the environmental implications of economic policy or practice alternatives.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.i"
    },
    {
      "text": "Assess the costs and benefits of various activities, policies, or regulations that affect the environment or natural resource stocks.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.i"
    },
    {
      "text": "Prepare and deliver presentations to communicate economic and environmental study results, to present policy recommendations, or to raise awareness of environmental consequences.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.6.c"
    },
    {
      "text": "Develop programs or policy recommendations to achieve environmental goals in cost-effective ways.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.g"
    },
    {
      "text": "Develop economic models, forecasts, or scenarios to predict future economic and environmental outcomes.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.u"
    },
    {
      "text": "Demonstrate or promote the economic benefits of sound environmental regulations.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.a.6.c"
    },
    {
      "text": "Conduct research to study the relationships among environmental problems and patterns of economic production and consumption.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.1.j"
    },
    {
      "text": "Perform complex, dynamic, and integrated mathematical modeling of ecological, environmental, or economic systems.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.u"
    },
    {
      "text": "Write social, legal, or economic impact statements to inform decision makers for natural resource policies, standards, or programs.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.6.n"
    },
    {
      "text": "Teach courses in environmental economics.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.3.b"
    }
  ],
  "emergingTasks": [],
  "activities": [
    {
      "name": "Prepare scientific or technical reports or presentations.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.6.c"
    },
    {
      "name": "Communicate results of environmental research.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.a.2.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Monitor market conditions or trends.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.2.h"
    },
    {
      "name": "Analyze market conditions or trends.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Interpret research or operational data.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.g"
    },
    {
      "name": "Identify sustainable business practices.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.1.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Advise others about environmental management or conservation.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.6.c"
    },
    {
      "name": "Promote environmental sustainability or conservation initiatives.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.a.6.c"
    },
    {
      "name": "Forecast economic, political, or social trends.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Prepare information or documentation related to legal or regulatory matters.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.6.n"
    },
    {
      "name": "Prepare proposal documents or grant applications.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.6.g"
    },
    {
      "name": "Research environmental impact of industrial or development activities.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.1.j"
    },
    {
      "name": "Develop environmental research methods.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.s"
    },
    {
      "name": "Plan environmental research.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.s"
    },
    {
      "name": "Develop mathematical models of environmental conditions.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.u"
    },
    {
      "name": "Appraise environmental impact of regulations or policies.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.i"
    },
    {
      "name": "Collect environmental data or samples.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.2.al"
    },
    {
      "name": "Research impacts of environmental conservation initiatives.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.1.j"
    },
    {
      "name": "Develop environmental sustainability plans or projects.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.g"
    },
    {
      "name": "Teach classes in area of specialization.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.3.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Teach social science courses at the college level.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.3.b"
    }
  ],
  "capabilities": [
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 4.67
    },
    {
      "name": "Economics and Accounting",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 4.41
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Writing",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematical Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Listening",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Expression",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Expression",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.96
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Learning",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Problem Sensitivity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Number Facility",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Clarity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Near Vision",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Computers and Electronics",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.7
    },
    {
      "name": "Complex Problem Solving",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Judgment and Decision Making",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Recognition",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Speaking",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.5
    },
    {
      "name": "Monitoring",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.5
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Analysis",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Learning Strategies",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Instructing",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Fluency of Ideas",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Originality",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Category Flexibility",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Education and Training",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.19
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Evaluation",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Management of Financial Resources",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Selective Attention",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Law and Government",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.07
    },
    {
      "name": "Social Perceptiveness",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordination",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    }
  ],
  "skills": [
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Writing",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Listening",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Learning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Recognition",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Complex Problem Solving",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Analysis",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Learning Strategies",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Instructing",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Management",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Social Perceptiveness",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "MySQL",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Word",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Visual Studio",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft PowerPoint",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Outlook",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Excel",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Access",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Visualization",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Negotiation",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Geography",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Psychology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Biology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Minitab",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Physics",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chemistry",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Finger Dexterity",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Telecommunications",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Depth Perception",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Foreign Language",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Presentation Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Installation",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Equipment Selection",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Equipment Maintenance",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    }
  ],
  "tools": [
    {
      "example": "C",
      "category": "Development environment software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "C#",
      "category": "Object or component oriented development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "C++",
      "category": "Object or component oriented development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "ESRI ArcGIS software",
      "category": "Geographic information system",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "IBM SPSS Statistics",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Access",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Excel",
      "category": "Spreadsheet software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Office software",
      "category": "Office suite software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Outlook",
      "category": "Electronic mail software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft PowerPoint",
      "category": "Presentation software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft SQL Server",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Visual Basic",
      "category": "Development environment software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications VBA",
      "category": "Development environment software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Visual Studio",
      "category": "Development environment software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Word",
      "category": "Word processing software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "MySQL",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Python",
      "category": "Object or component oriented development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "SAS",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Tableau",
      "category": "Business intelligence and data analysis software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "The MathWorks MATLAB",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Aptech Systems GAUSS",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Camfit Data Limited Microfit",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Econometric Software LIMDEP",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Estima Regression Analysis of Time Series RATS",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Formula translation/translator FORTRAN",
      "category": "Development environment software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "General algebraic modeling system GAMS",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Geographic information system GIS software",
      "category": "Geographic information system",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Global Insight AREMOS",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Insightful S-PLUS",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Minitab",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Quantitative Micro Software EViews",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "StataCorp Stata",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Structure query language SQL",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Web browser software",
      "category": "Internet browser software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Wolfram Research Mathematica",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    }
  ],
  "workContext": [
    {
      "name": "E-Mail",
      "value": 4.81
    },
    {
      "name": "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals",
      "value": 4.77
    },
    {
      "name": "Freedom to Make Decisions",
      "value": 4.74
    },
    {
      "name": "Indoors, Environmentally Controlled",
      "value": 4.7
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Sitting",
      "value": 4.56
    },
    {
      "name": "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams",
      "value": 4.08
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Level of Competition",
      "value": 3.85
    },
    {
      "name": "Telephone Conversations",
      "value": 3.56
    },
    {
      "name": "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team",
      "value": 3.22
    },
    {
      "name": "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Public Speaking",
      "value": 2.93
    },
    {
      "name": "Contact With Others",
      "value": 2.85
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Letters and Memos",
      "value": 2.78
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Pressure",
      "value": 2.77
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities",
      "value": 2.58
    },
    {
      "name": "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers",
      "value": 2.52
    },
    {
      "name": "Deal With External Customers or the Public in General",
      "value": 2.44
    },
    {
      "name": "Physical Proximity",
      "value": 2.26
    },
    {
      "name": "Frequency of Decision Making",
      "value": 2.26
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls",
      "value": 2.15
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions",
      "value": 2.15
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks",
      "value": 2.15
    },
    {
      "name": "Conflict Situations",
      "value": 2.04
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Standing",
      "value": 1.93
    },
    {
      "name": "Consequence of Error",
      "value": 1.93
    },
    {
      "name": "Degree of Automation",
      "value": 1.85
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable",
      "value": 1.78
    },
    {
      "name": "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People",
      "value": 1.74
    },
    {
      "name": "Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions",
      "value": 1.37
    },
    {
      "name": "Health and Safety of Other Workers",
      "value": 1.33
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Walking or Running",
      "value": 1.33
    },
    {
      "name": "In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment",
      "value": 1.3
    },
    {
      "name": "Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled",
      "value": 1.22
    },
    {
      "name": "Outdoors, Under Cover",
      "value": 1.19
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures",
      "value": 1.11
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Contaminants",
      "value": 1.11
    },
    {
      "name": "Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment",
      "value": 1.08
    },
    {
      "name": "Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People",
      "value": 1.07
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings",
      "value": 1.07
    }
  ],
  "preparation": {
    "jobZone": "5",
    "jobZoneName": "Job Zone Five: Extensive Preparation Needed",
    "education": "Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree).",
    "experience": "Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations. Many require more than five years of experience. For example, surgeons must complete four years of college and an additional five to seven years of specialized medical training to be able to do their job.",
    "svpRange": "(8.0 and above)",
    "educationDistribution": [
      {
        "label": "Doctoral Degree",
        "percentage": 44.44
      },
      {
        "label": "Master's Degree",
        "percentage": 40.74
      },
      {
        "label": "Bachelor's Degree",
        "percentage": 11.11
      },
      {
        "label": "Post-Doctoral Training",
        "percentage": 3.7
      }
    ]
  },
  "personFit": [
    {
      "name": "Investigative",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 7
    },
    {
      "name": "Enterprising",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 4.11
    },
    {
      "name": "Conventional",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 4.08
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