{
  "entityType": "role",
  "schemaVersion": "role.v1",
  "slug": "role-19-3011-00",
  "socCode": "19-3011.00",
  "title": "Economists",
  "summary": "Conduct research, prepare reports, or formulate plans to address economic problems related to the production and distribution of goods and services or monetary and fiscal policy. May collect and process economic and statistical data using sampling techniques and econometric methods.",
  "aliases": [
    "Economic Analyst",
    "Economic Consultant",
    "Economist",
    "Forensic Economist",
    "Economic Advisor",
    "Economic Development Specialist",
    "Project Economist",
    "Research Economist",
    "Revenue Research Analyst",
    "Tax Economist",
    "Agricultural Economist",
    "Business Economist"
  ],
  "tasks": [
    {
      "text": "Study economic and statistical data in area of specialization, such as finance, labor, or agriculture.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.3.a"
    },
    {
      "text": "Compile, analyze, and report data to explain economic phenomena and forecast market trends, applying mathematical models and statistical techniques.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.b"
    },
    {
      "text": "Study the socioeconomic impacts of new public policies, such as proposed legislation, taxes, services, and regulations.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.1.r"
    },
    {
      "text": "Explain economic impact of policies to the public.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.a.1.b"
    },
    {
      "text": "Review documents written by others.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.1.b"
    },
    {
      "text": "Provide advice and consultation on economic relationships to businesses, public and private agencies, and other employers.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.6.e"
    },
    {
      "text": "Formulate recommendations, policies, or plans to solve economic problems or to interpret markets.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.6.h"
    },
    {
      "text": "Conduct research on economic issues, and disseminate research findings through technical reports or scientific articles in journals.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.6.c"
    },
    {
      "text": "Supervise research projects and students' study projects.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.4.a"
    },
    {
      "text": "Develop economic guidelines and standards, and prepare points of view used in forecasting trends and formulating economic policy.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.2.f"
    },
    {
      "text": "Teach theories, principles, and methods of economics.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.3.b"
    },
    {
      "text": "Testify at regulatory or legislative hearings concerning the estimated effects of changes in legislation or public policy, and present recommendations based on cost-benefit analyses.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.a.3.a"
    }
  ],
  "emergingTasks": [
    {
      "text": "Construct and manage economic datasets."
    },
    {
      "text": "Present research at seminars and conferences."
    },
    {
      "text": "Review documents written by others, such as referee reports."
    }
  ],
  "activities": [
    {
      "name": "Prepare scientific or technical reports or presentations.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.6.c"
    },
    {
      "name": "Testify at legal or legislative proceedings.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.a.3.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Conduct research on social issues.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.1.r"
    },
    {
      "name": "Explain regulations, policies, or procedures.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.a.1.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Present information to the public.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.a.3.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Review technical documents to plan work.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.1.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Proofread documents, records, or other files to ensure accuracy.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.3.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Review professional literature to maintain professional knowledge.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.3.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Advise others on business or operational matters.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.6.e"
    },
    {
      "name": "Forecast economic, political, or social trends.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Advise others on matters of public policy.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.6.h"
    },
    {
      "name": "Establish standards for products, processes, or procedures.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.2.f"
    },
    {
      "name": "Supervise trainees.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.4.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Instruct college students in social sciences or humanities disciplines.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.3.b"
    }
  ],
  "capabilities": [
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 4.54
    },
    {
      "name": "Economics and Accounting",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 4.46
    },
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematical Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 4.04
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Listening",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Writing",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Speaking",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Judgment and Decision Making",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Expression",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Expression",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Clarity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Fluency of Ideas",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Computers and Electronics",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.78
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Learning",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Complex Problem Solving",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Problem Sensitivity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Recognition",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Number Facility",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.5
    },
    {
      "name": "Near Vision",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.5
    },
    {
      "name": "Instructing",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Evaluation",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Learning Strategies",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Monitoring",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Analysis",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Education and Training",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Originality",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Category Flexibility",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Social Perceptiveness",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordination",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Persuasion",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Service Orientation",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Management",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    }
  ],
  "skills": [
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Writing",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Listening",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Complex Problem Solving",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Learning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Recognition",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft PowerPoint",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Excel",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Access",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Instructing",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Analysis",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Learning Strategies",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Unix Shell",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Unix",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Management",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Social Perceptiveness",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "MySQL",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Word",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Outlook",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Statistical Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Visualization",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Geography",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Negotiation",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Psychology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Minitab",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Internet Explorer",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "MediaWiki",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "LaTeX",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Telecommunications",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Foreign Language",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Depth Perception",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Finger Dexterity",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Physics",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Biology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    }
  ],
  "tools": [
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Access",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Excel",
      "category": "Spreadsheet software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Office software",
      "category": "Office suite software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Power BI",
      "category": "Business intelligence and data analysis software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft PowerPoint",
      "category": "Presentation software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Python",
      "category": "Object or component oriented development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "R",
      "category": "Object or component oriented development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "SAS",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Structured query language SQL",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Tableau",
      "category": "Business intelligence and data analysis software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "C++",
      "category": "Object or component oriented development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "IBM SPSS Statistics",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Outlook",
      "category": "Electronic mail software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft SQL Server",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Visual Basic",
      "category": "Development environment software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications VBA",
      "category": "Development environment software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Word",
      "category": "Word processing software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Mozilla Firefox",
      "category": "Internet browser software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "MySQL",
      "category": "Data base management system software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Oracle Java",
      "category": "Object or component oriented development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Teradata Database",
      "category": "Data base management system software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "The MathWorks MATLAB",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "UNIX",
      "category": "Operating system software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "UNIX Shell",
      "category": "Operating system software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "StataCorp Stata",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Statistical software",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Aptech Systems GAUSS",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Camfit Data Limited Microfit",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Corel QuattroPro",
      "category": "Spreadsheet software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Corel WordPerfect Office Suite",
      "category": "Office suite software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Econometric Software LIMDEP",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "ESRI ArcView",
      "category": "Geographic information system",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Estima Regression Analysis of Time Series RATS",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Estimates Delivery System EDS",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Formula translation/translator FORTRAN",
      "category": "Development environment software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Global Insight AREMOS",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "IBM Lotus 1-2-3",
      "category": "Spreadsheet software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Insightful S-PLUS",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "LaTeX",
      "category": "Desktop publishing software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "MacKichan Software Scientific Notebook",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    }
  ],
  "workContext": [
    {
      "name": "E-Mail",
      "value": 4.92
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Sitting",
      "value": 4.71
    },
    {
      "name": "Freedom to Make Decisions",
      "value": 4.61
    },
    {
      "name": "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams",
      "value": 4.43
    },
    {
      "name": "Telephone Conversations",
      "value": 4.42
    },
    {
      "name": "Indoors, Environmentally Controlled",
      "value": 4.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals",
      "value": 4.21
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate",
      "value": 4.08
    },
    {
      "name": "Level of Competition",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Letters and Memos",
      "value": 3.79
    },
    {
      "name": "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team",
      "value": 3.78
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Pressure",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Frequency of Decision Making",
      "value": 3.55
    },
    {
      "name": "Contact With Others",
      "value": 3.5
    },
    {
      "name": "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results",
      "value": 3.46
    },
    {
      "name": "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers",
      "value": 3.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities",
      "value": 3.21
    },
    {
      "name": "Public Speaking",
      "value": 3.04
    },
    {
      "name": "Deal With External Customers or the Public in General",
      "value": 2.79
    },
    {
      "name": "Physical Proximity",
      "value": 2.5
    },
    {
      "name": "Consequence of Error",
      "value": 2.33
    },
    {
      "name": "Conflict Situations",
      "value": 2.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks",
      "value": 2.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Standing",
      "value": 1.92
    },
    {
      "name": "Degree of Automation",
      "value": 1.92
    },
    {
      "name": "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People",
      "value": 1.83
    },
    {
      "name": "Health and Safety of Other Workers",
      "value": 1.79
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable",
      "value": 1.79
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls",
      "value": 1.54
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions",
      "value": 1.46
    },
    {
      "name": "In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment",
      "value": 1.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Walking or Running",
      "value": 1.33
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Disease or Infections",
      "value": 1.13
    },
    {
      "name": "Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People",
      "value": 1.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Outdoors, Under Cover",
      "value": 1.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions",
      "value": 1.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Contaminants",
      "value": 1.09
    },
    {
      "name": "Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled",
      "value": 1.08
    },
    {
      "name": "Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions",
      "value": 1.08
    },
    {
      "name": "In an Open Vehicle or Operating Equipment",
      "value": 1.04
    }
  ],
  "preparation": {
    "jobZone": "5",
    "jobZoneName": "Job Zone Five: Extensive Preparation Needed",
    "education": "Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree).",
    "experience": "Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations. Many require more than five years of experience. For example, surgeons must complete four years of college and an additional five to seven years of specialized medical training to be able to do their job.",
    "svpRange": "(8.0 and above)",
    "educationDistribution": [
      {
        "label": "Master's Degree",
        "percentage": 50
      },
      {
        "label": "Doctoral Degree",
        "percentage": 25
      },
      {
        "label": "Bachelor's Degree",
        "percentage": 20.83
      },
      {
        "label": "Post-Doctoral Training",
        "percentage": 4.17
      }
    ]
  },
  "personFit": [
    {
      "name": "Investigative",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 7
    },
    {
      "name": "Social Science",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 6.67
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics/Statistics",
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