{
  "entityType": "role",
  "schemaVersion": "role.v1",
  "slug": "role-19-2012-00",
  "socCode": "19-2012.00",
  "title": "Physicists",
  "summary": "Conduct research into physical phenomena, develop theories on the basis of observation and experiments, and devise methods to apply physical laws and theories.",
  "aliases": [
    "Health Physicist",
    "Physicist",
    "Research Scientist",
    "Scientist",
    "Biophysics Scientist",
    "Medical Physicist",
    "Research Consultant",
    "Research Physicist",
    "Aerodynamicist",
    "Aerophysicist",
    "Astrophysicist",
    "Atmospheric Physicist"
  ],
  "tasks": [
    {
      "text": "Perform complex calculations as part of the analysis and evaluation of data, using computers.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.d"
    },
    {
      "text": "Analyze data from research conducted to detect and measure physical phenomena.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.a"
    },
    {
      "text": "Describe and express observations and conclusions in mathematical terms.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.6.c"
    },
    {
      "text": "Design computer simulations to model physical data so that it can be better understood.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.u"
    },
    {
      "text": "Write research proposals to receive funding.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.6.g"
    },
    {
      "text": "Teach physics to students.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.3.b"
    },
    {
      "text": "Report experimental results by writing papers for scientific journals or by presenting information at scientific conferences.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.6.c"
    },
    {
      "text": "Observe the structure and properties of matter, and the transformation and propagation of energy, using equipment such as masers, lasers, and telescopes, to explore and identify the basic principles governing these phenomena.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.3.i"
    },
    {
      "text": "Develop theories and laws on the basis of observation and experiments, and apply these theories and laws to problems in areas such as nuclear energy, optics, and aerospace technology.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.u"
    },
    {
      "text": "Collaborate with other scientists in the design, development, and testing of experimental, industrial, or medical equipment, instrumentation, and procedures.",
      "type": "Supplemental",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.a.2.b"
    }
  ],
  "emergingTasks": [
    {
      "text": "Perform peer reviews of scientific papers."
    }
  ],
  "activities": [
    {
      "name": "Apply mathematical principles or statistical approaches to solve problems in scientific or applied fields.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.d"
    },
    {
      "name": "Prepare scientific or technical reports or presentations.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.6.c"
    },
    {
      "name": "Analyze geological or geographical data.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Develop theories or models of physical phenomena.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.u"
    },
    {
      "name": "Collaborate on research activities with scientists or technical specialists.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.a.2.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Operate laboratory or field equipment.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.a.3.i"
    },
    {
      "name": "Instruct college students in physical or life sciences.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.3.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Prepare proposals or grant applications to obtain project funding.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.6.g"
    }
  ],
  "capabilities": [
    {
      "name": "Physics",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 4.92
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 4.82
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematical Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Science",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Engineering and Technology",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 4.54
    },
    {
      "name": "Computers and Electronics",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 4.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Number Facility",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Speaking",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Expression",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Fluency of Ideas",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Originality",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Listening",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Writing",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Learning",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Expression",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Problem Sensitivity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Learning Strategies",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Complex Problem Solving",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Category Flexibility",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Near Vision",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Recognition",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Clarity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Judgment and Decision Making",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.75
    },
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.69
    },
    {
      "name": "Instructing",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Visualization",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Education and Training",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.41
    },
    {
      "name": "Programming",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Analysis",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Evaluation",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Speed of Closure",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Flexibility of Closure",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.38
    }
  ],
  "skills": [
    {
      "name": "Physics",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Writing",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Listening",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Learning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Recognition",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Learning Strategies",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Complex Problem Solving",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Visualization",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Instructing",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Analysis",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Social Perceptiveness",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chemistry",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Management",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Unix",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "MySQL",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Word",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Windows",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Visual Studio",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft PowerPoint",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Excel",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Access",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Linux",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Adobe Photoshop",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Negotiation",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Finger Dexterity",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Depth Perception",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Xfig",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Statistical Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Scilab",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "SQLite",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Psychology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "OpenStack",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gnuplot",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    }
  ],
  "tools": [
    {
      "example": "Eclipse IDE",
      "category": "Development environment software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Python",
      "category": "Object or component oriented development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Adobe Photoshop",
      "category": "Graphics or photo imaging software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Amazon Web Services AWS software",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Ansible software",
      "category": "Expert system software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Autodesk AutoCAD",
      "category": "Computer aided design CAD software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "C",
      "category": "Development environment software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "C++",
      "category": "Object or component oriented development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Extensible markup language XML",
      "category": "Enterprise application integration software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Git",
      "category": "File versioning software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "JavaScript",
      "category": "Web platform development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Linux",
      "category": "Operating system software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Access",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Azure software",
      "category": "Development environment software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Excel",
      "category": "Spreadsheet software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Office software",
      "category": "Office suite software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft PowerPoint",
      "category": "Presentation software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Visual Basic",
      "category": "Development environment software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Visual Studio",
      "category": "Development environment software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Windows",
      "category": "Operating system software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Word",
      "category": "Word processing software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "MySQL",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Oracle Database",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Oracle Java",
      "category": "Object or component oriented development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Perl",
      "category": "Object or component oriented development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Puppet",
      "category": "Configuration management software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Structured query language SQL",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "The MathWorks MATLAB",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "UNIX",
      "category": "Operating system software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Adobe Audition",
      "category": "Music or sound editing software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Aptech Systems GAUSS",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Canu",
      "category": "Development environment software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "CERN Physics Analysis Workstation PAW",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "CERN ROOT",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "COMSOL Multiphysics",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Criss Software XRF11",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Database application software",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Dose modeling software",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Enterprise resource planning ERP system",
      "category": "Enterprise resource planning ERP software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System EPICS",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    }
  ],
  "workContext": [
    {
      "name": "E-Mail",
      "value": 4.92
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Sitting",
      "value": 4.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals",
      "value": 4.5
    },
    {
      "name": "Freedom to Make Decisions",
      "value": 4.42
    },
    {
      "name": "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams",
      "value": 4.36
    },
    {
      "name": "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team",
      "value": 4.13
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate",
      "value": 3.78
    },
    {
      "name": "Indoors, Environmentally Controlled",
      "value": 3.73
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities",
      "value": 3.6
    },
    {
      "name": "Telephone Conversations",
      "value": 3.53
    },
    {
      "name": "Contact With Others",
      "value": 3.39
    },
    {
      "name": "Level of Competition",
      "value": 3.31
    },
    {
      "name": "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results",
      "value": 3.26
    },
    {
      "name": "Public Speaking",
      "value": 3.13
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Pressure",
      "value": 3.05
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Letters and Memos",
      "value": 2.92
    },
    {
      "name": "Health and Safety of Other Workers",
      "value": 2.87
    },
    {
      "name": "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers",
      "value": 2.6
    },
    {
      "name": "Physical Proximity",
      "value": 2.53
    },
    {
      "name": "Frequency of Decision Making",
      "value": 2.48
    },
    {
      "name": "Deal With External Customers or the Public in General",
      "value": 2.16
    },
    {
      "name": "Conflict Situations",
      "value": 2.13
    },
    {
      "name": "Consequence of Error",
      "value": 2.13
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks",
      "value": 2.07
    },
    {
      "name": "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People",
      "value": 2.04
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions",
      "value": 2
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable",
      "value": 1.8
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Standing",
      "value": 1.76
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls",
      "value": 1.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Degree of Automation",
      "value": 1.57
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Radiation",
      "value": 1.52
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Walking or Running",
      "value": 1.42
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Disease or Infections",
      "value": 1.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Hazardous Conditions",
      "value": 1.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets",
      "value": 1.34
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Contaminants",
      "value": 1.21
    },
    {
      "name": "Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled",
      "value": 1.2
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Hazardous Equipment",
      "value": 1.2
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings",
      "value": 1.2
    },
    {
      "name": "Outdoors, Under Cover",
      "value": 1.14
    }
  ],
  "preparation": {
    "jobZone": "5",
    "jobZoneName": "Job Zone Five: Extensive Preparation Needed",
    "education": "Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree).",
    "experience": "Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations. Many require more than five years of experience. For example, surgeons must complete four years of college and an additional five to seven years of specialized medical training to be able to do their job.",
    "svpRange": "(8.0 and above)",
    "educationDistribution": [
      {
        "label": "Doctoral Degree",
        "percentage": 49.04
      },
      {
        "label": "Post-Doctoral Training",
        "percentage": 39.06
      },
      {
        "label": "Post-Master's Certificate",
        "percentage": 8.14
      },
      {
        "label": "Bachelor's Degree",
        "percentage": 3.77
      }
    ]
  },
  "personFit": [
    {
      "name": "Investigative",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 7
    },
    {
      "name": "Physical Science",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 6.83
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics/Statistics",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 6.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Dependability",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 6
    },
    {
      "name": "Attention to Detail",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 5
    },
    {
      "name": "Realistic",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 4.94
    },
    {
      "name": "Conventional",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 4.8
    },
    {
      "name": "Engineering",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 4.2
    },
    {
      "name": "Integrity",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Technology",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 3.74
    },
    {
      "name": "Intellectual Curiosity",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Artistic",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 2.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Teaching/Education",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 2.61
    },
    {
      "name": "Innovation",
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