# Epidemiologists

> Investigate and describe the determinants and distribution of disease, disability, or health outcomes. May develop the means for prevention and control.
- **Entity Type:** role
- **Schema Version:** role.v1
- **Soc Code:** 19-1041.00
- **Summary:** Investigate and describe the determinants and distribution of disease, disability, or health outcomes. May develop the means for prevention and control.

## Aliases

- Epidemiologist
- Infection Control Practitioner (ICP)
- Nurse Epidemiologist
- Research Epidemiologist
- Chronic Disease Epidemiologist
- Communicable Diseases Specialist
- Environmental Epidemiologist
- Epidemiology Investigator
- Public Health Epidemiologist
- State Epidemiologist
- Clinical Epidemiologist
- Clinical Lab Scientist (Clinical Laboratory Scientist)

## Tasks

| Text | Type | Iwa |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Communicate research findings on various types of diseases to health practitioners, policy makers, and the public. | Core | 4.A.3.b.6.c |
| Oversee public health programs, including statistical analysis, health care planning, surveillance systems, and public health improvement. | Core | 4.A.4.b.4.e |
| Investigate diseases or parasites to determine cause and risk factors, progress, life cycle, or mode of transmission. | Core | 4.A.1.a.1.p |
| Monitor and report incidents of infectious diseases to local and state health agencies. | Core | 4.A.4.b.1.c |
| Educate healthcare workers, patients, and the public about infectious and communicable diseases, including disease transmission and prevention. | Core | 4.A.4.b.3.d |
| Plan and direct studies to investigate human or animal disease, preventive methods, and treatments for disease. | Core | 4.A.2.b.2.s |
| Provide expertise in the design, management and evaluation of study protocols and health status questionnaires, sample selection, and analysis. | Core | 4.A.2.b.2.s |
| Write articles for publication in professional journals. | Core | 4.A.3.b.6.p |
| Identify and analyze public health issues related to foodborne parasitic diseases and their impact on public policies, scientific studies, or surveys. | Core | 4.A.2.a.4.f |
| Write grant applications to fund epidemiologic research. | Core | 4.A.3.b.6.g |
| Plan, administer and evaluate health safety standards and programs to improve public health, conferring with health department, industry personnel, physicians, and others. | Core | 4.A.3.b.2.f |
| Conduct research to develop methodologies, instrumentation, and procedures for medical application, analyzing data and presenting findings. | Core | 4.A.1.a.1.p |

## Emerging Tasks

| Text |
| --- |
| Teach epidemiology to students in public health programs. |

## Activities

| Name | Iwa |
| --- | --- |
| Communicate with government agencies. | 4.A.4.b.1.c |
| Prepare scientific or technical reports or presentations. | 4.A.3.b.6.c |
| Train personnel in technical or scientific procedures. | 4.A.4.b.3.d |
| Write articles, books or other original materials in area of expertise. | 4.A.3.b.6.p |
| Write grant proposals. | 4.A.3.b.6.g |
| Prepare proposals or grant applications to obtain project funding. | 4.A.3.b.6.g |
| Direct medical science or healthcare programs. | 4.A.4.b.4.e |
| Research diseases or parasites. | 4.A.1.a.1.p |
| Plan biological research. | 4.A.2.b.2.s |
| Establish standards for products, processes, or procedures. | 4.A.3.b.2.f |
| Develop methods of social or economic research. | 4.A.2.b.2.s |
| Analyze health-related data. | 4.A.2.a.4.f |
| Research topics in area of expertise. | 4.A.2.b.3.a |
| Present research results to others. | 4.A.3.b.6.c |
| Advise others on healthcare matters. | 4.A.4.b.6.f |
| Supervise scientific or technical personnel. | 4.A.4.b.4.a |
| Instruct college students in physical or life sciences. | 4.A.4.b.3.b |
| Analyze biological samples. | 4.A.2.a.4.j |

## Capabilities

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Mathematics | knowledge | 4.5 |
| Oral Comprehension | ability | 4.38 |
| Written Comprehension | ability | 4.38 |
| Inductive Reasoning | ability | 4.38 |
| Biology | knowledge | 4.26 |
| Reading Comprehension | essential_skill | 4.25 |
| Critical Thinking | essential_skill | 4.25 |
| Complex Problem Solving | transferable_skill | 4.25 |
| Judgment and Decision Making | transferable_skill | 4.25 |
| Oral Expression | ability | 4.25 |
| Written Expression | ability | 4.25 |
| Problem Sensitivity | ability | 4.25 |
| Active Listening | essential_skill | 4.12 |
| Writing | essential_skill | 4.12 |
| Speaking | essential_skill | 4.12 |
| Science | essential_skill | 4.12 |
| Deductive Reasoning | ability | 4.12 |
| Active Learning | essential_skill | 4 |
| Systems Analysis | transferable_skill | 4 |
| Systems Evaluation | transferable_skill | 4 |
| Medicine and Dentistry | knowledge | 4 |
| English Language | knowledge | 4 |
| Fluency of Ideas | ability | 4 |
| Category Flexibility | ability | 4 |
| Speech Clarity | ability | 4 |
| Social Perceptiveness | transferable_skill | 3.88 |
| Originality | ability | 3.88 |
| Mathematics | essential_skill | 3.75 |
| Coordination | transferable_skill | 3.75 |
| Information Ordering | ability | 3.75 |
| Near Vision | ability | 3.75 |
| Speech Recognition | ability | 3.75 |
| Monitoring | essential_skill | 3.62 |
| Mathematical Reasoning | ability | 3.62 |
| Flexibility of Closure | ability | 3.62 |
| Computers and Electronics | knowledge | 3.53 |
| Learning Strategies | essential_skill | 3.5 |
| Communications and Media | knowledge | 3.47 |
| Education and Training | knowledge | 3.42 |
| Number Facility | ability | 3.38 |

## Skills

| Name | Type |
| --- | --- |
| Mathematics | Common Skill |
| Inductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Biology | Specialized Skill |
| Reading Comprehension | Common Skill |
| Critical Thinking | Common Skill |
| Complex Problem Solving | Common Skill |
| Writing | Common Skill |
| Deductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Active Listening | Common Skill |
| Systems Analysis | Specialized Skill |
| English Language | Common Skill |
| Active Learning | Common Skill |
| Social Perceptiveness | Common Skill |
| Speech Recognition | Specialized Skill |
| Information Ordering | Specialized Skill |
| Microsoft PowerPoint | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Excel | Common Skill |
| Learning Strategies | Specialized Skill |
| Time Management | Common Skill |
| Instructing | Specialized Skill |
| Visualization | Specialized Skill |
| Microsoft Word | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Outlook | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Access | Specialized Skill |
| Facebook | Specialized Skill |
| Negotiation | Common Skill |
| Psychology | Specialized Skill |
| Geography | Specialized Skill |
| Telecommunications | Specialized Skill |
| Chemistry | Specialized Skill |
| Statistical Software | Specialized Skill |
| GeoDA | Specialized Skill |
| Database Software | Specialized Skill |
| Finger Dexterity | Common Skill |
| Foreign Language | Common Skill |
| Physics | Specialized Skill |
| Depth Perception | Common Skill |
| Equipment Selection | Specialized Skill |
| Presentation Software | Specialized Skill |
| Installation | Specialized Skill |

## Tools

| Example | Category | Hot | In Demand |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Microsoft Excel | Spreadsheet software | yes | yes |
| Microsoft Office software | Office suite software | yes | yes |
| Microsoft PowerPoint | Presentation software | yes | yes |
| R | Object or component oriented development software | yes | yes |
| SAS | Analytical or scientific software | yes | yes |
| ESRI ArcGIS software | Map creation software | yes | no |
| Facebook | Web page creation and editing software | yes | no |
| IBM SPSS Statistics | Analytical or scientific software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Access | Data base user interface and query software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Outlook | Electronic mail software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Word | Word processing software | yes | no |
| Python | Object or component oriented development software | yes | no |
| Structured query language SQL | Data base user interface and query software | yes | no |
| Tableau | Business intelligence and data analysis software | yes | no |
| Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC WONDER | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Epi Info | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| Circle Systems Stat/Transfer | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| Cytel Egret | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| Data visualization software | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| Database software | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| Disease Mapping and Analysis Program DMAP | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| Epicenter Software Epilog | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| EpiData Analysis | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| Esri ArcGIS | Geographic information system | no | no |
| ESRI ArcInfo | Geographic information system | no | no |
| ESRI ArcView | Geographic information system | no | no |
| Expert Health Data Programming Vitalnet | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| GeoDa | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| Geographic information system GIS software | Geographic information system | no | no |
| HiroSoft EPICURE | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| Meta-analysis with interactive explanations MIX | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health NIOSH Life Table Analysis System | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| Pan American Health Organization SIGEpi | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| RTI International SUDAAN | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| SaTScan | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| Signal detection software | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| StataCorp Stata | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| Statistical processing software | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| Statistical software | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |
| TerraSeer ClusterSeer | Analytical or scientific software | no | no |

## Work Context

| Name | Value |
| --- | --- |
| E-Mail | 4.95 |
| Indoors, Environmentally Controlled | 4.74 |
| Importance of Being Exact or Accurate | 4.68 |
| Telephone Conversations | 4.67 |
| Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams | 4.67 |
| Freedom to Make Decisions | 4.58 |
| Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals | 4.53 |
| Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team | 4.5 |
| Contact With Others | 4.21 |
| Spend Time Sitting | 4.21 |
| Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities | 3.89 |
| Written Letters and Memos | 3.76 |
| Time Pressure | 3.58 |
| Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results | 3.56 |
| Deal With External Customers or the Public in General | 3.42 |
| Level of Competition | 3.42 |
| Frequency of Decision Making | 3.22 |
| Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers | 3.21 |
| Public Speaking | 2.95 |
| Health and Safety of Other Workers | 2.89 |
| Physical Proximity | 2.74 |
| Conflict Situations | 2.68 |
| Importance of Repeating Same Tasks | 2.61 |
| Exposed to Disease or Infections | 2.39 |
| Spend Time Standing | 2.33 |
| Consequence of Error | 2.28 |
| Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People | 2.22 |
| Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions | 2.21 |
| Degree of Automation | 2.21 |
| In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment | 2.05 |
| Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled | 2 |
| Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls | 1.89 |
| Spend Time Walking or Running | 1.84 |
| Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets | 1.78 |
| Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable | 1.68 |
| Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions | 1.63 |
| Exposed to Contaminants | 1.63 |
| Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection | 1.56 |
| Outdoors, Under Cover | 1.42 |
| Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures | 1.32 |

## Preparation

- **Job Zone:** 5
- **Job Zone Name:** Job Zone Five: Extensive Preparation Needed
- **Education:** Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree).
- **Experience:** Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations. Many require more than five years of experience. For example, surgeons must complete four years of college and an additional five to seven years of specialized medical training to be able to do their job.
- **Svp Range:** (8.0 and above)

### Education Distribution

| Label | Percentage |
| --- | --- |
| Master's Degree | 66.67 |
| Post-Doctoral Training | 22.22 |
| Doctoral Degree | 11.11 |

## Person Fit

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Dependability | work_style | 8 |
| Investigative | career_interest_type | 7 |
| Attention to Detail | work_style | 7 |
| Medical Science | specific_interest_area | 6.68 |
| Life Science | specific_interest_area | 6.15 |
| Integrity | work_style | 6 |
| Mathematics/Statistics | specific_interest_area | 5.55 |
| Social Science | specific_interest_area | 5.31 |
| Public Speaking | specific_interest_area | 5 |
| Cautiousness | work_style | 5 |
| Social | career_interest_type | 4.11 |
| Intellectual Curiosity | work_style | 4 |
| Health Care Service | specific_interest_area | 3.81 |
| Conventional | career_interest_type | 3.63 |
| Teaching/Education | specific_interest_area | 3.53 |
| Management/Administration | specific_interest_area | 3.04 |

## Related Roles

| Soc Code | Slug | Title | Tier |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 29-1229.05 | role-29-1229-05 | Preventive Medicine Physicians | Primary-Short |
| 19-1042.00 | role-19-1042-00 | Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists | Primary-Short |
| 29-1141.04 | role-29-1141-04 | Clinical Nurse Specialists | Primary-Short |
| 19-1029.03 | role-19-1029-03 | Geneticists | Primary-Short |
| 29-1222.00 | role-29-1222-00 | Physicians, Pathologists | Primary-Short |
| 29-1216.00 | role-29-1216-00 | General Internal Medicine Physicians | Primary-Long |
| 19-1022.00 | role-19-1022-00 | Microbiologists | Primary-Long |
| 29-1214.00 | role-29-1214-00 | Emergency Medicine Physicians | Primary-Long |
| 19-3039.03 | role-19-3039-03 | Clinical Neuropsychologists | Primary-Long |
| 19-3039.02 | role-19-3039-02 | Neuropsychologists | Primary-Long |
| 29-1229.01 | role-29-1229-01 | Allergists and Immunologists | Supplemental |
| 15-1211.01 | role-15-1211-01 | Health Informatics Specialists | Supplemental |

## Career Clusters

| Cluster | Slug |
| --- | --- |
| Public Service & Safety | public-service-safety |

## Education Level

- **Category:** Master's degree

## Study Programs

| Title | Slug |
| --- | --- |
| Biological and Biomedical Sciences | biological-and-biomedical-sciences |
| Health Professions and Related Programs | health-professions-and-related-programs |

## Market

- **Median Wage:** 83980
- **Mean Wage:** 94160
- **Pct10Wage:** 56950
- **Pct25Wage:** 68040
- **Pct75Wage:** 106040
- **Pct90Wage:** 134860
- **Employment:** 11460
- **Area Title:** U.S.

## Industries


### Top

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Median Wage | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 62 | 62 | Health Care and Social Assistance | Sector | 1730 | 96660 | 1.01 |
| 54 | 54 | Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services | Sector | 1170 | 108030 | 1.46 |
| 61 | 61 | Educational Services | Sector | 740 | 82500 | 0.73 |
| 81 | 81 | Other Services (except Public Administration) | Sector | 690 | 86310 | 2.1 |
| 56 | 56 | Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services | Sector | 260 |  | 0.39 |
| 55 | 55 | Management of Companies and Enterprises | Sector | 240 |  | 1.15 |
| 561320 | 561320 | Temporary Help Services | National industry | 230 |  | 1.17 |
| 31-33 | 31-33 | Manufacturing | Sector | 100 | 113530 | 0.11 |
| 541720 | 541720 | Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities | National industry | 90 | 159180 |  |

### Concentrated

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 81 | 81 | Other Services (except Public Administration) | Sector | 690 | 2.1 |
| 54 | 54 | Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services | Sector | 1170 | 1.46 |
| 561320 | 561320 | Temporary Help Services | National industry | 230 | 1.17 |
| 55 | 55 | Management of Companies and Enterprises | Sector | 240 | 1.15 |
| 62 | 62 | Health Care and Social Assistance | Sector | 1730 | 1.01 |
| 61 | 61 | Educational Services | Sector | 740 | 0.73 |
| 56 | 56 | Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services | Sector | 260 | 0.39 |
| 31-33 | 31-33 | Manufacturing | Sector | 100 | 0.11 |
- **Count:** 9

## Ai Signals

| Source | Label | Score | Scale | Release |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| frey_osborne | Computerization probability | 0.2 | 0-1 probability | 2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot |
| felten_aioe | AI occupational exposure | 1.436287 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |
| felten_image_generation_aioe | Image generation occupational exposure | 1.652554 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |
| felten_language_modeling_aioe | Language modeling occupational exposure | 1.284233 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |

## Ai Outlook


### Index

- **Value:** 79
- **Percentile:** 81
- **Band:** High
- **Version:** ai-exposure-index-v1

#### Components

| Percentile | Source |
| --- | --- |
| 98 | felten_aioe |
| 76 | openai_gpts_are_gpts |
| 62 | microsoft_working_with_ai |
- **Component Count:** 3

### Exposure

| Source | Label | Value | Percentile | Band | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| felten_aioe | Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.) | 1.436287 | 98 | High | How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss. |
| eloundou_gamma | LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou) | 0.8846153846153847 | 76 | High | Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank. |
| microsoft_applicability | AI assistant applicability (Microsoft) | 0.17709020329727643 | 62 | Moderate | How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement. |

### Frey Historical

- **Source:** frey
- **Label:** Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)
- **Value:** 0.2
- **Percentile:** 33
- **Band:** Low
- **Note:** A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking.
- **Teleworkable:** yes

### Eloundou

- **Alpha:** 0
- **Beta:** 0.44230769230769235
- **Gamma:** 0.8846153846153847

### Usage Tasks

| Task | Usage Percent | Importance |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Consult with and advise physicians, educators, researchers, government health officials and others regarding medical applications of sciences, such as physics, biology, and chemistry. | 0.06285716633320872 | 3.53 |
| Teach principles of medicine and medical and laboratory procedures to physicians, residents, students, and technicians. | 0.02074697320148392 | 2.93 |
| Educate healthcare workers, patients, and the public about infectious and communicable diseases, including disease transmission and prevention. | 0.00575163613506485 | 4.22 |
| Communicate research findings on various types of diseases to health practitioners, policy makers, and the public. | 0.0030812336437847413 | 4.53 |
- **Usage Release:** 2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2

### Bls

- **Growth Percent:** 16.2
- **Growth Percentile:** 97
- **Direction:** Growing fast
- **Annual Openings Thousands:** 0.8
- **Annual Openings Percentile:** 12
- **Employment2024Thousands:** 12.3
- **Employment2034Thousands:** 14.3

### Sources

| Source | Version |
| --- | --- |
| bls_employment_projections | 2024-2034 |
| dingel_neiman | dingel-neiman-workathome |
| felten_aioe | felten-raj-seamans-aioe |
| frey_osborne | frey-osborne-automation |
| microsoft_working_with_ai | working-with-ai |
| openai_gpts_are_gpts | gpts-are-gpts |

## Ai Playbook

- **Trusted Task Count:** 3
- **Task Count:** 4
- **Total Sample:** 393
- **Autonomy Median:** 4
- **Dominant Collaboration:** learning
- **Automation Share:** 12.36
- **Augmentation Share:** 74.72
- **Work Use Percent:** 17.86

### Collaboration

| Label | Percent |
| --- | --- |
| learning | 63.19 |
| directive | 12.36 |
| task iteration | 6.04 |
| validation | 5.49 |

### Use Case

| Label | Percent |
| --- | --- |
| coursework | 42.58 |
| personal | 31.87 |
| work | 17.86 |

### Delegated Tasks

| Task | Usage Percent | Collaboration | Autonomy Median | Sample Count |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Consult with and advise physicians, educators, researchers, government health officials and others regarding medical applications of sciences, such as physics, biology, and chemistry. | 0.0150018752344043 | learning | 4 | 150 |
| Educate healthcare workers, patients, and the public about infectious and communicable diseases, including disease transmission and prevention. | 0.01160145018127266 | learning | 3 | 116 |
| Teach principles of medicine and medical and laboratory procedures to physicians, residents, students, and technicians. | 0.009801225153144143 | learning | 4 | 98 |

### Boundary Tasks

| Task | Human Needed Percent | Sample Count |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Educate healthcare workers, patients, and the public about infectious and communicable diseases, including disease transmission and prevention. | 99.13793103448276 | 116 |
| Teach principles of medicine and medical and laboratory procedures to physicians, residents, students, and technicians. | 92.85714285714286 | 98 |
| Consult with and advise physicians, educators, researchers, government health officials and others regarding medical applications of sciences, such as physics, biology, and chemistry. | 85.33333333333334 | 150 |

### Seed Prompts

| Prompt | Collaboration |
| --- | --- |
| Teach me how to consult with and advise physicians, educators, researchers, government health officials and others regarding medical applications of sciences, such as physics, biology, and chemistry, then check my work as I try it myself. | learning |
| Teach me how to educate healthcare workers, patients, and the public about infectious and communicable diseases, including disease transmission and prevention, then check my work as I try it myself. | learning |
| Teach me how to teach principles of medicine and medical and laboratory procedures to physicians, residents, students, and technicians, then check my work as I try it myself. | learning |
- **Release:** 2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2

## Counts

- **Tasks:** 16
- **Skills:** 41
- **Capabilities:** 120
- **Tools:** 42
- **Related Roles:** 20

## Source

- **Dataset:** gold.onet_role_starter_surface
- **Version:** 30.3
- **Generated At:** 2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00
- **Content Hash:** 59a0089acf836533