entityType = "role"
schemaVersion = "role.v1"
slug = "role-19-1029-03"
socCode = "19-1029.03"
title = "Geneticists"
summary = "Research and study the inheritance of traits at the molecular, organism or population level. May evaluate or treat patients with genetic disorders."
aliases = ["Cardiovascular Geneticist", "Medical Geneticist", "Research Scientist", "Scientist", "Academic Pediatric Geneticist", "Behavioral Geneticist", "Clinical Biochemical Geneticist", "Clinical Cytogeneticist", "Clinical Geneticist", "Clinical Molecular Geneticist", "Computational Geneticist", "Crop Quantitative Geneticist"]
emergingTasks = []

[preparation]
jobZone = "5"
jobZoneName = "Job Zone Five: Extensive Preparation Needed"
education = "Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree)."
experience = "Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations. Many require more than five years of experience. For example, surgeons must complete four years of college and an additional five to seven years of specialized medical training to be able to do their job."
svpRange = "(8.0 and above)"

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Post-Doctoral Training"
percentage = 36

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Master's Degree"
percentage = 32

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Doctoral Degree"
percentage = 20

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Bachelor's Degree"
percentage = 4

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Post-Baccalaureate Certificate"
percentage = 4

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Post-Master's Certificate"
percentage = 4

[educationLevel]
category = "Bachelor's degree"
slug = "bachelor-s-degree"

[market]
medianWage = 93330
meanWage = 100440
pct10Wage = 54500
pct25Wage = 67950
pct75Wage = 121350
pct90Wage = 159780
employment = 59710
areaTitle = "U.S."

[industries]
count = 15

[[industries.top]]
naics = "54"
slug = "54"
title = "Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 21620
medianWage = 97840
lq = 5.18

[[industries.top]]
naics = "61"
slug = "61"
title = "Educational Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 5590
medianWage = 63290
lq = 1.06

[[industries.top]]
naics = "31-33"
slug = "31-33"
title = "Manufacturing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 4180
medianWage = 108160
lq = 0.85

[[industries.top]]
naics = "62"
slug = "62"
title = "Health Care and Social Assistance"
level = "Sector"
employment = 2440
medianWage = 91830
lq = 0.27

[[industries.top]]
naics = "42"
slug = "42"
title = "Wholesale Trade"
level = "Sector"
employment = 1200
medianWage = 103890
lq = 0.51

[[industries.top]]
naics = "56"
slug = "56"
title = "Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 900
medianWage = 92020
lq = 0.26

[[industries.top]]
naics = "541380"
slug = "541380"
title = "Testing Laboratories and Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 880
medianWage = 61800
lq = 13.34

[[industries.top]]
naics = "541330"
slug = "541330"
title = "Engineering Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 800
medianWage = 85560
lq = 1.79

[[industries.top]]
naics = "561320"
slug = "561320"
title = "Temporary Help Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 660
medianWage = 82570
lq = 0.64

[[industries.top]]
naics = "55"
slug = "55"
title = "Management of Companies and Enterprises"
level = "Sector"
employment = 550
medianWage = 122580
lq = 0.51

[[industries.top]]
naics = "541720"
slug = "541720"
title = "Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities"
level = "National industry"
employment = 220
medianWage = 98890
lq = 9.35

[[industries.top]]
naics = "81"
slug = "81"
title = "Other Services (except Public Administration)"
level = "Sector"
employment = 200
medianWage = 64090
lq = 0.12

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "541380"
slug = "541380"
title = "Testing Laboratories and Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 880
lq = 13.34

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "541720"
slug = "541720"
title = "Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities"
level = "National industry"
employment = 220
lq = 9.35

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "54"
slug = "54"
title = "Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 21620
lq = 5.18

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "541330"
slug = "541330"
title = "Engineering Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 800
lq = 1.79

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "61"
slug = "61"
title = "Educational Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 5590
lq = 1.06

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "11"
slug = "11"
title = "Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting"
level = "Sector"
employment = 140
lq = 0.85

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "31-33"
slug = "31-33"
title = "Manufacturing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 4180
lq = 0.85

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "561320"
slug = "561320"
title = "Temporary Help Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 660
lq = 0.64

[aiOutlook]
teleworkable = true
usageRelease = "2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2"

[aiOutlook.index]
value = 73
percentile = 74
band = "High"
version = "ai-exposure-index-v1"
componentCount = 3

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 74
source = "felten_aioe"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 67
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 77
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"

[aiOutlook.freyHistorical]
source = "frey"
label = "Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)"
value = 0.015
percentile = 11
band = "Low"
note = "A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking."

[aiOutlook.eloundou]
alpha = 0.20930232558139533
beta = 0.5116279069767442
gamma = 0.813953488372093

[aiOutlook.bls]
growthPercent = 1.2
growthPercentile = 33
direction = "About average"
annualOpeningsThousands = 4.8
annualOpeningsPercentile = 48
employment2024Thousands = 63.7
employment2034Thousands = 64.5

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.)"
value = 1.010193
percentile = 74
band = "High"
note = "How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "eloundou_gamma"
label = "LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou)"
value = 0.813953488372093
percentile = 67
band = "High"
note = "Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "microsoft_applicability"
label = "AI assistant applicability (Microsoft)"
value = 0.2403715887208747
percentile = 77
band = "High"
note = "How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement."

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Create or use statistical models for the analysis of genetic data."
usagePercent = 0.028450057310945777
importance = 3.52

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Search scientific literature to select and modify methods and procedures most appropriate for genetic research goals."
usagePercent = 0.013762843608905177
importance = 4.36

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Evaluate genetic data by performing appropriate mathematical or statistical calculations and analyses."
usagePercent = 0.01201681121076049
importance = 4.22

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Review, approve, or interpret genetic laboratory results."
usagePercent = 0.004929973830055586
importance = 4.32

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Collaborate with biologists and other professionals to conduct appropriate genetic and biochemical analyses."
usagePercent = 0.004827266041929427
importance = 3.62

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Plan or conduct basic genomic and biological research related to areas such as regulation of gene expression, protein interactions, metabolic networks, and nucleic acid or protein complexes."
usagePercent = 0.0035947725844155307
importance = 4.38

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "bls_employment_projections"
version = "2024-2034"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "dingel_neiman"
version = "dingel-neiman-workathome"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "felten_aioe"
version = "felten-raj-seamans-aioe"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "frey_osborne"
version = "frey-osborne-automation"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"
version = "working-with-ai"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"
version = "gpts-are-gpts"

[aiPlaybook]
trustedTaskCount = 7
taskCount = 8
totalSample = 734
autonomyMedian = 4
dominantCollaboration = "task iteration"
automationShare = 24.2
augmentationShare = 53.43
workUsePercent = 45.59
release = "2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2"

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "task iteration"
percent = 24.34

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "learning"
percent = 23.78

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "directive"
percent = 21.12

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "validation"
percent = 5.31

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "feedback loop"
percent = 3.08

[[aiPlaybook.useCase]]
label = "work"
percent = 45.59

[[aiPlaybook.useCase]]
label = "coursework"
percent = 45.45

[[aiPlaybook.useCase]]
label = "personal"
percent = 4.62

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Prepare results of experimental findings for presentation at professional conferences or in scientific journals."
usagePercent = 0.02430303787973497
collaboration = "task iteration"
autonomyMedian = 4
sampleCount = 243

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Evaluate genetic data by performing appropriate mathematical or statistical calculations and analyses."
usagePercent = 0.012901612701587697
collaboration = "learning"
autonomyMedian = 4
sampleCount = 129

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Search scientific literature to select and modify methods and procedures most appropriate for genetic research goals."
usagePercent = 0.010901362670333791
collaboration = "learning"
autonomyMedian = 3
sampleCount = 109

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Analyze determinants responsible for specific inherited traits, and devise methods for altering traits or producing new traits."
usagePercent = 0.0068008501062632835
collaboration = "learning"
autonomyMedian = 4
sampleCount = 68

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Review, approve, or interpret genetic laboratory results."
usagePercent = 0.005900737592199025
collaboration = "learning"
autonomyMedian = 3
sampleCount = 59

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Create or use statistical models for the analysis of genetic data."
usagePercent = 0.00580072509063633
collaboration = "learning"
autonomyMedian = 4
sampleCount = 58

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Plan or conduct basic genomic and biological research related to areas such as regulation of gene expression, protein interactions, metabolic networks, and nucleic acid or protein complexes."
usagePercent = 0.004900612576572072
collaboration = "learning"
autonomyMedian = 4
sampleCount = 49

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Search scientific literature to select and modify methods and procedures most appropriate for genetic research goals."
humanNeededPercent = 99.08256880733946
sampleCount = 109

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Analyze determinants responsible for specific inherited traits, and devise methods for altering traits or producing new traits."
humanNeededPercent = 95.58823529411765
sampleCount = 68

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Review, approve, or interpret genetic laboratory results."
humanNeededPercent = 88.13559322033898
sampleCount = 59

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Prepare results of experimental findings for presentation at professional conferences or in scientific journals."
humanNeededPercent = 83.1275720164609
sampleCount = 243

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Plan or conduct basic genomic and biological research related to areas such as regulation of gene expression, protein interactions, metabolic networks, and nucleic acid or protein complexes."
humanNeededPercent = 81.63265306122449
sampleCount = 49

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Evaluate genetic data by performing appropriate mathematical or statistical calculations and analyses."
humanNeededPercent = 72.86821705426357
sampleCount = 129

[[aiPlaybook.seedPrompts]]
prompt = "Let's work through this together, step by step: prepare results of experimental findings for presentation at professional conferences or in scientific journals. I'll give feedback as we go."
collaboration = "task iteration"

[[aiPlaybook.seedPrompts]]
prompt = "Teach me how to evaluate genetic data by performing appropriate mathematical or statistical calculations and analyses, then check my work as I try it myself."
collaboration = "learning"

[[aiPlaybook.seedPrompts]]
prompt = "Teach me how to search scientific literature to select and modify methods and procedures most appropriate for genetic research goals, then check my work as I try it myself."
collaboration = "learning"

[[aiPlaybook.seedPrompts]]
prompt = "Teach me how to analyze determinants responsible for specific inherited traits, and devise methods for altering traits or producing new traits, then check my work as I try it myself."
collaboration = "learning"

[[aiPlaybook.seedPrompts]]
prompt = "Teach me how to review, approve, or interpret genetic laboratory results, then check my work as I try it myself."
collaboration = "learning"

[counts]
tasks = 24
skills = 44
capabilities = 120
tools = 36
relatedRoles = 20

[source]
dataset = "gold.onet_role_starter_surface"
version = "30.3"
generatedAt = "2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00"
contentHash = "79679fda0d61d0fc"

[[tasks]]
text = "Supervise or direct the work of other geneticists, biologists, technicians, or biometricians working on genetics research projects."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.b.4.a"

[[tasks]]
text = "Prepare results of experimental findings for presentation at professional conferences or in scientific journals."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Plan or conduct basic genomic and biological research related to areas such as regulation of gene expression, protein interactions, metabolic networks, and nucleic acid or protein complexes."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.p"

[[tasks]]
text = "Write grants and papers or attend fundraising events to seek research funds."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.g"

[[tasks]]
text = "Search scientific literature to select and modify methods and procedures most appropriate for genetic research goals."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.b.3.a"

[[tasks]]
text = "Maintain laboratory notebooks that record research methods, procedures, and results."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.h"

[[tasks]]
text = "Review, approve, or interpret genetic laboratory results."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.a.4.g"

[[tasks]]
text = "Attend clinical and research conferences and read scientific literature to keep abreast of technological advances and current genetic research findings."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.b.3.a"

[[tasks]]
text = "Evaluate genetic data by performing appropriate mathematical or statistical calculations and analyses."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.p"

[[tasks]]
text = "Extract deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or perform diagnostic tests involving processes such as gel electrophoresis, Southern blot analysis, and polymerase chain reaction analysis."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.a.4.j"

[[tasks]]
text = "Analyze determinants responsible for specific inherited traits, and devise methods for altering traits or producing new traits."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.p"

[[tasks]]
text = "Evaluate, diagnose, or treat genetic diseases."
type = "Supplemental"
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.p"

[[activities]]
name = "Prepare proposal documents or grant applications."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.g"

[[activities]]
name = "Inspect equipment to ensure proper functioning."
iwa = "4.A.1.b.2.g"

[[activities]]
name = "Plan natural resources conservation or restoration programs."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.g"

[[activities]]
name = "Train personnel in technical or scientific procedures."
iwa = "4.A.4.b.3.d"

[[activities]]
name = "Instruct college students in physical or life sciences."
iwa = "4.A.4.b.3.b"

[[activities]]
name = "Research diseases or parasites."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.p"

[[activities]]
name = "Develop technical or scientific databases."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Develop software or applications for scientific or technical use."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.b"

[[activities]]
name = "Collaborate with technical specialists to resolve design or development problems."
iwa = "4.A.4.b.1.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Collaborate on research activities with scientists or technical specialists."
iwa = "4.A.4.a.2.b"

[[activities]]
name = "Review professional literature to maintain professional knowledge."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.3.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Attend conferences or workshops to maintain professional knowledge."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.3.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Supervise scientific or technical personnel."
iwa = "4.A.4.b.4.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Interpret research or operational data."
iwa = "4.A.2.a.4.g"

[[activities]]
name = "Prepare scientific or technical reports or presentations."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Record research or operational data."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.h"

[[activities]]
name = "Analyze biological samples."
iwa = "4.A.2.a.4.j"

[[activities]]
name = "Research genetic characteristics or expression."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.p"

[[activities]]
name = "Establish standards for medical care."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.2.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Plan biological research."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.s"

[[capabilities]]
name = "Biology"
family = "knowledge"
value = 4.84

[[capabilities]]
name = "Written Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 4.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Written Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 4.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "English Language"
family = "knowledge"
value = 4.28

[[capabilities]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 4.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 4.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 4.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Science"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Active Listening"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Writing"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speaking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Active Learning"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Judgment and Decision Making"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Problem Sensitivity"
family = "ability"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Category Flexibility"
family = "ability"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Mathematics"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Learning Strategies"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Fluency of Ideas"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Information Ordering"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Mathematical Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Near Vision"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Clarity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Monitoring"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Instructing"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Originality"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Number Facility"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Education and Training"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.72

[[capabilities]]
name = "Mathematics"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.71

[[capabilities]]
name = "Systems Analysis"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Flexibility of Closure"
family = "ability"
value = 3.5

[[capabilities]]
name = "Chemistry"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.46

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
family = "ability"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Coordination"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Persuasion"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Management of Personnel Resources"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[skills]]
name = "Biology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "English Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Writing"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Listening"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Learning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Mathematics"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Learning Strategies"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Information Ordering"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Instructing"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Systems Analysis"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Chemistry"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Unix"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Time Management"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Negotiation"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Word"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft PowerPoint"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Excel"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Access"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Linux"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Github"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Visualization"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Finger Dexterity"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Physics"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Sage Accounting Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Email Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Depth Perception"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Database Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Bioinformatics Databases"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Psychology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Telecommunications"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Geography"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Foreign Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Equipment Selection"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[tools]]
example = "R"
category = "Object or component oriented development software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "C++"
category = "Object or component oriented development software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Git"
category = "File versioning software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "GitHub"
category = "Application server software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Linux"
category = "Operating system software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Access"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Excel"
category = "Spreadsheet software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Office software"
category = "Office suite software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft PowerPoint"
category = "Presentation software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Word"
category = "Word processing software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Oracle Java"
category = "Object or component oriented development software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Perl"
category = "Object or component oriented development software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Python"
category = "Object or component oriented development software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "SAS"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Structured query language SQL"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "UNIX"
category = "Operating system software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Basic Local Alignment Search Tool BLAST"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Bioinformatics databases"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "ClustalW"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Database software"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA sequence analysis software"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Email software"
category = "Electronic mail software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Formula translation/translator FORTRAN"
category = "Development environment software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Golden Helix HelixTree"
category = "Data mining software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "HapMap"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Insightful S-PLUS"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Mendel"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Visual C# .NET"
category = "Object or component oriented development software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "PHYLIP"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Plate reader software"
category = "Medical software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "RTI International SUDAAN"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Sage Accounting Software"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "SAS JMP"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "SAS/Genetics"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Ward Systems Group GeneHunter"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Web browser software"
category = "Internet browser software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[workContext]]
name = "E-Mail"
value = 4.96

[[workContext]]
name = "Indoors, Environmentally Controlled"
value = 4.72

[[workContext]]
name = "Freedom to Make Decisions"
value = 4.64

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate"
value = 4.64

[[workContext]]
name = "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams"
value = 4.6

[[workContext]]
name = "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals"
value = 4.24

[[workContext]]
name = "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team"
value = 4.04

[[workContext]]
name = "Level of Competition"
value = 4.04

[[workContext]]
name = "Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets"
value = 3.76

[[workContext]]
name = "Contact With Others"
value = 3.68

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Sitting"
value = 3.48

[[workContext]]
name = "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results"
value = 3.25

[[workContext]]
name = "Telephone Conversations"
value = 3.2

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks"
value = 3.17

[[workContext]]
name = "Health and Safety of Other Workers"
value = 3.16

[[workContext]]
name = "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities"
value = 3.04

[[workContext]]
name = "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers"
value = 3.04

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls"
value = 3.04

[[workContext]]
name = "Frequency of Decision Making"
value = 3.04

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Hazardous Conditions"
value = 3

[[workContext]]
name = "Physical Proximity"
value = 2.92

[[workContext]]
name = "Time Pressure"
value = 2.92

[[workContext]]
name = "Written Letters and Memos"
value = 2.88

[[workContext]]
name = "Public Speaking"
value = 2.84

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions"
value = 2.72

[[workContext]]
name = "Consequence of Error"
value = 2.62

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Standing"
value = 2.6

[[workContext]]
name = "Conflict Situations"
value = 2.2

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable"
value = 2.2

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Contaminants"
value = 2.16

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Disease or Infections"
value = 1.96

[[workContext]]
name = "Degree of Automation"
value = 1.96

[[workContext]]
name = "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People"
value = 1.92

[[workContext]]
name = "Deal With External Customers or the Public in General"
value = 1.88

[[workContext]]
name = "Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection"
value = 1.72

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Walking or Running"
value = 1.68

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Radiation"
value = 1.56

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures"
value = 1.48

[[workContext]]
name = "Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled"
value = 1.44

[[workContext]]
name = "Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions"
value = 1.44

[[personFit]]
name = "Investigative"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 7

[[personFit]]
name = "Dependability"
family = "work_style"
value = 7

[[personFit]]
name = "Life Science"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 6.86

[[personFit]]
name = "Medical Science"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 6.59

[[personFit]]
name = "Attention to Detail"
family = "work_style"
value = 6

[[personFit]]
name = "Mathematics/Statistics"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 5.2

[[personFit]]
name = "Integrity"
family = "work_style"
value = 5

[[personFit]]
name = "Conventional"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 4.78

[[personFit]]
name = "Realistic"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 4.05

[[personFit]]
name = "Physical Science"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 4.05

[[personFit]]
name = "Cautiousness"
family = "work_style"
value = 4

[[personFit]]
name = "Health Care Service"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 3.55

[[personFit]]
name = "Information Technology"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 3.26

[[personFit]]
name = "Intellectual Curiosity"
family = "work_style"
value = 3

[[personFit]]
name = "Artistic"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 2.95

[[personFit]]
name = "Social"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 2.91

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "19-1029.02"
slug = "role-19-1029-02"
title = "Molecular and Cellular Biologists"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "19-1021.00"
slug = "role-19-1021-00"
title = "Biochemists and Biophysicists"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "19-1042.00"
slug = "role-19-1042-00"
title = "Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "19-1029.01"
slug = "role-19-1029-01"
title = "Bioinformatics Scientists"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "19-1022.00"
slug = "role-19-1022-00"
title = "Microbiologists"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "19-1029.04"
slug = "role-19-1029-04"
title = "Biologists"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-1222.00"
slug = "role-29-1222-00"
title = "Physicians, Pathologists"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-2011.00"
slug = "role-29-2011-00"
title = "Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technologists"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "29-2011.01"
slug = "role-29-2011-01"
title = "Cytogenetic Technologists"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "19-1041.00"
slug = "role-19-1041-00"
title = "Epidemiologists"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "19-4021.00"
slug = "role-19-4021-00"
title = "Biological Technicians"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "17-2031.00"
slug = "role-17-2031-00"
title = "Bioengineers and Biomedical Engineers"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Agriculture"
slug = "agriculture"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Energy & Natural Resources"
slug = "energy-natural-resources"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Healthcare & Human Services"
slug = "healthcare-human-services"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Biological and Biomedical Sciences"
slug = "biological-and-biomedical-sciences"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Mathematics and Statistics"
slug = "mathematics-and-statistics"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Multi/Interdisciplinary Studies"
slug = "multi-interdisciplinary-studies"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Psychology"
slug = "psychology"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "frey_osborne"
label = "Computerization probability"
score = 0.015
scale = "0-1 probability"
release = "2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "AI occupational exposure"
score = 1.010193
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_image_generation_aioe"
label = "Image generation occupational exposure"
score = 1.285429
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_language_modeling_aioe"
label = "Language modeling occupational exposure"
score = 0.8829154
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"
