entityType = "role"
schemaVersion = "role.v1"
slug = "role-15-2041-01"
socCode = "15-2041.01"
title = "Biostatisticians"
summary = "Develop and apply biostatistical theory and methods to the study of life sciences."
aliases = ["Biometrician", "Biostatistician", "Research Scientist", "Statistical Scientist", "Biostatistical Consultant", "Bioinformatics Scientist", "Biomathematician", "Clinical Biostatistician", "NGS Biostatistician (Next-Generation Sequencing)", "Postdoctoral Fellow", "Research Biostatistician", "Statistical Programmer"]
emergingTasks = []

[preparation]
jobZone = "5"
jobZoneName = "Job Zone Five: Extensive Preparation Needed"
education = "Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree)."
experience = "Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations. Many require more than five years of experience. For example, surgeons must complete four years of college and an additional five to seven years of specialized medical training to be able to do their job."
svpRange = "(8.0 and above)"

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Master's Degree"
percentage = 58.33

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Doctoral Degree"
percentage = 29.17

[[preparation.educationDistribution]]
label = "Bachelor's Degree"
percentage = 12.5

[educationLevel]
category = "Master's degree"
slug = "master-s-degree"

[market]
medianWage = 103300
meanWage = 112330
pct10Wage = 60390
pct25Wage = 79210
pct75Wage = 137610
pct90Wage = 170700
employment = 29800
areaTitle = "U.S."

[industries]
count = 20

[[industries.top]]
naics = "54"
slug = "54"
title = "Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 9920
medianWage = 106470
lq = 4.77

[[industries.top]]
naics = "61"
slug = "61"
title = "Educational Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 3790
medianWage = 81810
lq = 1.44

[[industries.top]]
naics = "62"
slug = "62"
title = "Health Care and Social Assistance"
level = "Sector"
employment = 2530
medianWage = 99540
lq = 0.57

[[industries.top]]
naics = "55"
slug = "55"
title = "Management of Companies and Enterprises"
level = "Sector"
employment = 1430
medianWage = 117400
lq = 2.63

[[industries.top]]
naics = "52"
slug = "52"
title = "Finance and Insurance"
level = "Sector"
employment = 1270
medianWage = 100720
lq = 1.06

[[industries.top]]
naics = "51"
slug = "51"
title = "Information"
level = "Sector"
employment = 750
medianWage = 99380
lq = 1.33

[[industries.top]]
naics = "31-33"
slug = "31-33"
title = "Manufacturing"
level = "Sector"
employment = 730
medianWage = 140490
lq = 0.3

[[industries.top]]
naics = "56"
slug = "56"
title = "Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 580
medianWage = 104000
lq = 0.33

[[industries.top]]
naics = "42"
slug = "42"
title = "Wholesale Trade"
level = "Sector"
employment = 530
medianWage = 155640
lq = 0.45

[[industries.top]]
naics = "541720"
slug = "541720"
title = "Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities"
level = "National industry"
employment = 400
medianWage = 94100
lq = 34.05

[[industries.top]]
naics = "561320"
slug = "561320"
title = "Temporary Help Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 350
medianWage = 102870
lq = 0.68

[[industries.top]]
naics = "81"
slug = "81"
title = "Other Services (except Public Administration)"
level = "Sector"
employment = 320
medianWage = 87550
lq = 0.37

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "541720"
slug = "541720"
title = "Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities"
level = "National industry"
employment = 400
lq = 34.05

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "54"
slug = "54"
title = "Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 9920
lq = 4.77

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "524114"
slug = "524114"
title = "Direct Health and Medical Insurance Carriers"
level = "National industry"
employment = 290
lq = 3.34

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "55"
slug = "55"
title = "Management of Companies and Enterprises"
level = "Sector"
employment = 1430
lq = 2.63

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "61"
slug = "61"
title = "Educational Services"
level = "Sector"
employment = 3790
lq = 1.44

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "51"
slug = "51"
title = "Information"
level = "Sector"
employment = 750
lq = 1.33

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "52"
slug = "52"
title = "Finance and Insurance"
level = "Sector"
employment = 1270
lq = 1.06

[[industries.concentrated]]
naics = "561320"
slug = "561320"
title = "Temporary Help Services"
level = "National industry"
employment = 350
lq = 0.68

[aiOutlook]
teleworkable = true
usageRelease = "2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2"

[aiOutlook.index]
value = 94
percentile = 99
band = "High"
version = "ai-exposure-index-v1"
componentCount = 3

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 95
source = "felten_aioe"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 95
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"

[[aiOutlook.index.components]]
percentile = 92
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"

[aiOutlook.freyHistorical]
source = "frey"
label = "Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)"
value = 0.22
percentile = 34
band = "Moderate"
note = "A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking."

[aiOutlook.eloundou]
alpha = 0.32
beta = 0.66
gamma = 1

[aiOutlook.bls]
growthPercent = 8.5
growthPercentile = 89
direction = "Growing fast"
annualOpeningsThousands = 2
annualOpeningsPercentile = 27
employment2024Thousands = 32.2
employment2034Thousands = 34.9

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.)"
value = 1.382724
percentile = 95
band = "High"
note = "How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "eloundou_gamma"
label = "LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou)"
value = 1
percentile = 95
band = "High"
note = "Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank."

[[aiOutlook.exposure]]
source = "microsoft_applicability"
label = "AI assistant applicability (Microsoft)"
value = 0.3150171176175566
percentile = 92
band = "High"
note = "How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement."

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Read current literature, attend meetings or conferences, and talk with colleagues to keep abreast of methodological or conceptual developments in fields such as biostatistics, pharmacology, life sciences, and social sciences."
usagePercent = 0.03492064796289373
importance = 4.3

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Write detailed analysis plans and descriptions of analyses and findings for research protocols or reports."
usagePercent = 0.02988796634471199
importance = 4.38

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Prepare tables and graphs to present clinical data or results."
usagePercent = 0.02146592771836703
importance = 4.3

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Write research proposals or grant applications for submission to external bodies."
usagePercent = 0.012530350151391279
importance = 3.78

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Develop or implement data analysis algorithms."
usagePercent = 0.007189545168831061
importance = 4.17

[[aiOutlook.usageTasks]]
task = "Design research studies in collaboration with physicians, life scientists, or other professionals."
usagePercent = 0.006676006228200272
importance = 4.3

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "bls_employment_projections"
version = "2024-2034"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "dingel_neiman"
version = "dingel-neiman-workathome"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "felten_aioe"
version = "felten-raj-seamans-aioe"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "frey_osborne"
version = "frey-osborne-automation"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "microsoft_working_with_ai"
version = "working-with-ai"

[[aiOutlook.sources]]
source = "openai_gpts_are_gpts"
version = "gpts-are-gpts"

[aiPlaybook]
trustedTaskCount = 6
taskCount = 9
totalSample = 1155
autonomyMedian = 3
dominantCollaboration = "directive"
automationShare = 44.46
augmentationShare = 46.3
workUsePercent = 41.04
release = "2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2"

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "directive"
percent = 39.28

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "task iteration"
percent = 26.16

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "learning"
percent = 17.74

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "feedback loop"
percent = 5.18

[[aiPlaybook.collaboration]]
label = "validation"
percent = 2.4

[[aiPlaybook.useCase]]
label = "coursework"
percent = 42.88

[[aiPlaybook.useCase]]
label = "work"
percent = 41.04

[[aiPlaybook.useCase]]
label = "personal"
percent = 13.77

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Prepare articles for publication or presentation at professional conferences."
usagePercent = 0.0301037629703713
collaboration = "task iteration"
autonomyMedian = 3
sampleCount = 301

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Write detailed analysis plans and descriptions of analyses and findings for research protocols or reports."
usagePercent = 0.02870358794849356
collaboration = "directive"
autonomyMedian = 3
sampleCount = 287

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Write program code to analyze data using statistical analysis software."
usagePercent = 0.026303287910988873
collaboration = "directive"
autonomyMedian = 3
sampleCount = 263

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Draw conclusions or make predictions based on data summaries or statistical analyses."
usagePercent = 0.010201275159394924
collaboration = "directive"
autonomyMedian = 4
sampleCount = 102

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Read current literature, attend meetings or conferences, and talk with colleagues to keep abreast of methodological or conceptual developments in fields such as biostatistics, pharmacology, life sciences, and social sciences."
usagePercent = 0.009201150143767971
collaboration = "learning"
autonomyMedian = 4
sampleCount = 92

[[aiPlaybook.delegatedTasks]]
task = "Collect data through surveys or experimentation."
usagePercent = 0.0037004625578197278
collaboration = "directive"
autonomyMedian = 3
sampleCount = 37

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Collect data through surveys or experimentation."
humanNeededPercent = 100
sampleCount = 37

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Read current literature, attend meetings or conferences, and talk with colleagues to keep abreast of methodological or conceptual developments in fields such as biostatistics, pharmacology, life sciences, and social sciences."
humanNeededPercent = 97.82608695652173
sampleCount = 92

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Prepare articles for publication or presentation at professional conferences."
humanNeededPercent = 92.69102990033223
sampleCount = 301

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Write detailed analysis plans and descriptions of analyses and findings for research protocols or reports."
humanNeededPercent = 91.28919860627178
sampleCount = 287

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Draw conclusions or make predictions based on data summaries or statistical analyses."
humanNeededPercent = 88.23529411764706
sampleCount = 102

[[aiPlaybook.boundaryTasks]]
task = "Write program code to analyze data using statistical analysis software."
humanNeededPercent = 79.46768060836501
sampleCount = 263

[[aiPlaybook.seedPrompts]]
prompt = "Let's work through this together, step by step: prepare articles for publication or presentation at professional conferences. I'll give feedback as we go."
collaboration = "task iteration"

[[aiPlaybook.seedPrompts]]
prompt = "Do this for me: write detailed analysis plans and descriptions of analyses and findings for research protocols or reports. Give me a finished draft I can review and adjust."
collaboration = "directive"

[[aiPlaybook.seedPrompts]]
prompt = "Do this for me: write program code to analyze data using statistical analysis software. Give me a finished draft I can review and adjust."
collaboration = "directive"

[[aiPlaybook.seedPrompts]]
prompt = "Do this for me: draw conclusions or make predictions based on data summaries or statistical analyses. Give me a finished draft I can review and adjust."
collaboration = "directive"

[[aiPlaybook.seedPrompts]]
prompt = "Teach me how to read current literature, attend meetings or conferences, and talk with colleagues to keep abreast of methodological or conceptual developments in fields such as biostatistics, pharmacology, life sciences, and social sciences, then check my work as I try it myself."
collaboration = "learning"

[counts]
tasks = 25
skills = 50
capabilities = 120
tools = 45
relatedRoles = 20

[source]
dataset = "gold.onet_role_starter_surface"
version = "30.3"
generatedAt = "2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00"
contentHash = "d3b046c34b61a010"

[[tasks]]
text = "Draw conclusions or make predictions, based on data summaries or statistical analyses."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.a.4.d"

[[tasks]]
text = "Analyze clinical or survey data, using statistical approaches such as longitudinal analysis, mixed-effect modeling, logistic regression analyses, and model-building techniques."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.a.4.f"

[[tasks]]
text = "Write detailed analysis plans and descriptions of analyses and findings for research protocols or reports."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.c"

[[tasks]]
text = "Calculate sample size requirements for clinical studies."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.b.1.d"

[[tasks]]
text = "Read current literature, attend meetings or conferences, and talk with colleagues to keep abreast of methodological or conceptual developments in fields such as biostatistics, pharmacology, life sciences, and social sciences."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.b.3.a"

[[tasks]]
text = "Prepare tables and graphs to present clinical data or results."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.o"

[[tasks]]
text = "Design research studies in collaboration with physicians, life scientists, or other professionals."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.s"

[[tasks]]
text = "Write program code to analyze data with statistical analysis software."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.3.b.1.a"

[[tasks]]
text = "Provide biostatistical consultation to clients or colleagues."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.4.b.6.b"

[[tasks]]
text = "Review clinical or other medical research protocols and recommend appropriate statistical analyses."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.b.1.d"

[[tasks]]
text = "Prepare statistical data for inclusion in reports to data monitoring committees, federal regulatory agencies, managers, or clients."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.a.4.d"

[[tasks]]
text = "Determine project plans, timelines, or technical objectives for statistical aspects of biological research studies."
type = "Core"
iwa = "4.A.2.b.6.b"

[[activities]]
name = "Write grant proposals."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.g"

[[activities]]
name = "Train others in computer interface or software use."
iwa = "4.A.4.b.3.e"

[[activities]]
name = "Update knowledge about emerging industry or technology trends."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.3.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Analyze data to identify trends or relationships among variables."
iwa = "4.A.2.a.4.d"

[[activities]]
name = "Present research results to others."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Prepare analytical reports."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.6.c"

[[activities]]
name = "Determine appropriate methods for data analysis."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.1.d"

[[activities]]
name = "Develop detailed project plans."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.6.b"

[[activities]]
name = "Assign duties or work schedules to employees."
iwa = "4.A.4.b.1.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Write computer programming code."
iwa = "4.A.3.b.1.a"

[[activities]]
name = "Design research studies to obtain scientific information."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.s"

[[activities]]
name = "Prepare graphics or other visual representations of information."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.o"

[[activities]]
name = "Monitor operational activities to ensure compliance with regulations or standard operating procedures."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.2.k"

[[activities]]
name = "Apply mathematical principles or statistical approaches to solve problems in scientific or applied fields."
iwa = "4.A.2.a.4.d"

[[activities]]
name = "Design computer modeling or simulation programs."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.b"

[[activities]]
name = "Develop scientific or mathematical models."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.u"

[[activities]]
name = "Create databases to store electronic data."
iwa = "4.A.2.b.2.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Collect information from people through observation, interviews, or surveys."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.l"

[[activities]]
name = "Collect data about customer needs."
iwa = "4.A.1.a.1.n"

[[activities]]
name = "Analyze health-related data."
iwa = "4.A.2.a.4.f"

[[activities]]
name = "Advise customers on technical or procedural issues."
iwa = "4.A.4.b.6.b"

[[capabilities]]
name = "Mathematics"
family = "knowledge"
value = 4.67

[[capabilities]]
name = "Mathematics"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 4.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Mathematical Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 4.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Written Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 4.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 4.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
family = "ability"
value = 4.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speaking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Science"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Active Learning"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Judgment and Decision Making"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Oral Comprehension"
family = "ability"
value = 4

[[capabilities]]
name = "Active Listening"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Writing"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "English Language"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Written Expression"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Problem Sensitivity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Information Ordering"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Clarity"
family = "ability"
value = 3.88

[[capabilities]]
name = "Number Facility"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
family = "ability"
value = 3.75

[[capabilities]]
name = "Computers and Electronics"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.7

[[capabilities]]
name = "Fluency of Ideas"
family = "ability"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Category Flexibility"
family = "ability"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Near Vision"
family = "ability"
value = 3.62

[[capabilities]]
name = "Learning Strategies"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Programming"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.38

[[capabilities]]
name = "Originality"
family = "ability"
value = 3.25

[[capabilities]]
name = "Instructing"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Systems Analysis"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Systems Evaluation"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3.12

[[capabilities]]
name = "Medicine and Dentistry"
family = "knowledge"
value = 3.04

[[capabilities]]
name = "Monitoring"
family = "essential_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Coordination"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Operations Analysis"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Time Management"
family = "transferable_skill"
value = 3

[[capabilities]]
name = "Speed of Closure"
family = "ability"
value = 3

[[skills]]
name = "Mathematics"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Inductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Deductive Reasoning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Reading Comprehension"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Critical Thinking"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Complex Problem Solving"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Learning"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Writing"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Information Ordering"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "English Language"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Active Listening"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Speech Recognition"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft PowerPoint"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Excel"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Learning Strategies"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Systems Analysis"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Instructing"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Visualization"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Unix"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Time Management"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Shell Script"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "MySQL"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Word"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Windows"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Visual Studio"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Microsoft Access"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Linux"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Social Perceptiveness"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Biology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Statistical Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Psychology"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "STATISTICA"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "SAS/STAT"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Patient Monitoring Systems"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Negotiation"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Minitab"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Graphics Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Database Software"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Finger Dexterity"
type = "Common Skill"

[[skills]]
name = "Telecommunications"
type = "Specialized Skill"

[[tools]]
example = "IBM SPSS Statistics"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Excel"
category = "Spreadsheet software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Office software"
category = "Office suite software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft PowerPoint"
category = "Presentation software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Python"
category = "Object or component oriented development software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "R"
category = "Object or component oriented development software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "SAP software"
category = "Enterprise resource planning ERP software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "SAS"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Structured query language SQL"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = true
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Bash"
category = "Operating system software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "C#"
category = "Object or component oriented development software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "C++"
category = "Object or component oriented development software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Extensible markup language XML"
category = "Enterprise application integration software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Git"
category = "File versioning software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "JavaScript"
category = "Web platform development software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Linux"
category = "Operating system software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Access"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft SQL Server"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Visual Studio"
category = "Development environment software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Windows"
category = "Operating system software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Microsoft Word"
category = "Word processing software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "MySQL"
category = "Data base management system software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Oracle Database"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Oracle Java"
category = "Object or component oriented development software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Perl"
category = "Object or component oriented development software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "PHP"
category = "Web platform development software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Shell script"
category = "Operating system software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "The MathWorks MATLAB"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "UNIX"
category = "Operating system software"
hot = true
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "StataCorp Stata"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = false
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Statistical software"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = false
inDemand = true

[[tools]]
example = "Clinical trials database software"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Data visualization software"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Database software"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Graphics software"
category = "Graphics or photo imaging software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Insightful S-PLUS"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Minitab"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "Patient monitoring systems"
category = "Data base user interface and query software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "S-Plus software"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[tools]]
example = "SAS/STAT"
category = "Analytical or scientific software"
hot = false
inDemand = false

[[workContext]]
name = "E-Mail"
value = 4.71

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Sitting"
value = 4.46

[[workContext]]
name = "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team"
value = 4.38

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate"
value = 4.33

[[workContext]]
name = "Freedom to Make Decisions"
value = 4.26

[[workContext]]
name = "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams"
value = 4.25

[[workContext]]
name = "Indoors, Environmentally Controlled"
value = 4.17

[[workContext]]
name = "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals"
value = 4.12

[[workContext]]
name = "Telephone Conversations"
value = 3.92

[[workContext]]
name = "Contact With Others"
value = 3.71

[[workContext]]
name = "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities"
value = 3.38

[[workContext]]
name = "Time Pressure"
value = 3.38

[[workContext]]
name = "Level of Competition"
value = 3.35

[[workContext]]
name = "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers"
value = 3.25

[[workContext]]
name = "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results"
value = 3.12

[[workContext]]
name = "Written Letters and Memos"
value = 3

[[workContext]]
name = "Frequency of Decision Making"
value = 2.87

[[workContext]]
name = "Deal With External Customers or the Public in General"
value = 2.75

[[workContext]]
name = "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks"
value = 2.71

[[workContext]]
name = "Physical Proximity"
value = 2.62

[[workContext]]
name = "Public Speaking"
value = 2.5

[[workContext]]
name = "Conflict Situations"
value = 2.46

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions"
value = 2.42

[[workContext]]
name = "Consequence of Error"
value = 2.35

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable"
value = 2.33

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls"
value = 2.17

[[workContext]]
name = "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People"
value = 2.12

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Standing"
value = 1.92

[[workContext]]
name = "Degree of Automation"
value = 1.92

[[workContext]]
name = "Health and Safety of Other Workers"
value = 1.88

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Walking or Running"
value = 1.5

[[workContext]]
name = "Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment"
value = 1.33

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body"
value = 1.21

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures"
value = 1.13

[[workContext]]
name = "In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment"
value = 1.12

[[workContext]]
name = "Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions"
value = 1.09

[[workContext]]
name = "Exposed to Disease or Infections"
value = 1.09

[[workContext]]
name = "Outdoors, Under Cover"
value = 1.08

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles"
value = 1.08

[[workContext]]
name = "Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance"
value = 1.08

[[personFit]]
name = "Investigative"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 7

[[personFit]]
name = "Dependability"
family = "work_style"
value = 7

[[personFit]]
name = "Mathematics/Statistics"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 6.95

[[personFit]]
name = "Attention to Detail"
family = "work_style"
value = 6

[[personFit]]
name = "Medical Science"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 5.35

[[personFit]]
name = "Integrity"
family = "work_style"
value = 5

[[personFit]]
name = "Life Science"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 4.92

[[personFit]]
name = "Conventional"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 4.4

[[personFit]]
name = "Information Technology"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 4.12

[[personFit]]
name = "Cautiousness"
family = "work_style"
value = 4

[[personFit]]
name = "Health Care Service"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 3.84

[[personFit]]
name = "Social"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 3.11

[[personFit]]
name = "Intellectual Curiosity"
family = "work_style"
value = 3

[[personFit]]
name = "Artistic"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 2.8

[[personFit]]
name = "Social Science"
family = "specific_interest_area"
value = 2.5

[[personFit]]
name = "Realistic"
family = "career_interest_type"
value = 2.43

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "15-2051.00"
slug = "role-15-2051-00"
title = "Data Scientists"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "15-2041.00"
slug = "role-15-2041-00"
title = "Statisticians"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "19-1029.01"
slug = "role-19-1029-01"
title = "Bioinformatics Scientists"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "15-2051.02"
slug = "role-15-2051-02"
title = "Clinical Data Managers"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "15-2099.01"
slug = "role-15-2099-01"
title = "Bioinformatics Technicians"
tier = "Primary-Short"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "43-9111.00"
slug = "role-43-9111-00"
title = "Statistical Assistants"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "11-9121.01"
slug = "role-11-9121-01"
title = "Clinical Research Coordinators"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "19-1029.03"
slug = "role-19-1029-03"
title = "Geneticists"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "19-4061.00"
slug = "role-19-4061-00"
title = "Social Science Research Assistants"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "15-2021.00"
slug = "role-15-2021-00"
title = "Mathematicians"
tier = "Primary-Long"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "17-2031.00"
slug = "role-17-2031-00"
title = "Bioengineers and Biomedical Engineers"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[relatedRoles]]
socCode = "15-1211.01"
slug = "role-15-1211-01"
title = "Health Informatics Specialists"
tier = "Supplemental"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Advanced Manufacturing"
slug = "advanced-manufacturing"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Digital Technology"
slug = "digital-technology"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Education"
slug = "education"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Financial Services"
slug = "financial-services"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Healthcare & Human Services"
slug = "healthcare-human-services"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Management & Entrepreneurship"
slug = "management-entrepreneurship"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Marketing & Sales"
slug = "marketing-sales"

[[careerClusters]]
cluster = "Public Service & Safety"
slug = "public-service-safety"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Biological and Biomedical Sciences"
slug = "biological-and-biomedical-sciences"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Business, Management, Marketing, and Related Support Services"
slug = "business-management-marketing-and-related-support-services"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Education"
slug = "education"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Mathematics and Statistics"
slug = "mathematics-and-statistics"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Multi/Interdisciplinary Studies"
slug = "multi-interdisciplinary-studies"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Psychology"
slug = "psychology"

[[studyPrograms]]
title = "Social Sciences"
slug = "social-sciences"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "frey_osborne"
label = "Computerization probability"
score = 0.22
scale = "0-1 probability"
release = "2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_aioe"
label = "AI occupational exposure"
score = 1.382724
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_image_generation_aioe"
label = "Image generation occupational exposure"
score = 1.33496
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"

[[aiSignals]]
source = "felten_language_modeling_aioe"
label = "Language modeling occupational exposure"
score = 1.243257
scale = "relative exposure score"
release = "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"
