{
  "entityType": "role",
  "schemaVersion": "role.v1",
  "slug": "role-15-2041-01",
  "socCode": "15-2041.01",
  "title": "Biostatisticians",
  "summary": "Develop and apply biostatistical theory and methods to the study of life sciences.",
  "aliases": [
    "Biometrician",
    "Biostatistician",
    "Research Scientist",
    "Statistical Scientist",
    "Biostatistical Consultant",
    "Bioinformatics Scientist",
    "Biomathematician",
    "Clinical Biostatistician",
    "NGS Biostatistician (Next-Generation Sequencing)",
    "Postdoctoral Fellow",
    "Research Biostatistician",
    "Statistical Programmer"
  ],
  "tasks": [
    {
      "text": "Draw conclusions or make predictions, based on data summaries or statistical analyses.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.d"
    },
    {
      "text": "Analyze clinical or survey data, using statistical approaches such as longitudinal analysis, mixed-effect modeling, logistic regression analyses, and model-building techniques.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.f"
    },
    {
      "text": "Write detailed analysis plans and descriptions of analyses and findings for research protocols or reports.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.6.c"
    },
    {
      "text": "Calculate sample size requirements for clinical studies.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.1.d"
    },
    {
      "text": "Read current literature, attend meetings or conferences, and talk with colleagues to keep abreast of methodological or conceptual developments in fields such as biostatistics, pharmacology, life sciences, and social sciences.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.3.a"
    },
    {
      "text": "Prepare tables and graphs to present clinical data or results.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.o"
    },
    {
      "text": "Design research studies in collaboration with physicians, life scientists, or other professionals.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.s"
    },
    {
      "text": "Write program code to analyze data with statistical analysis software.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.1.a"
    },
    {
      "text": "Provide biostatistical consultation to clients or colleagues.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.6.b"
    },
    {
      "text": "Review clinical or other medical research protocols and recommend appropriate statistical analyses.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.1.d"
    },
    {
      "text": "Prepare statistical data for inclusion in reports to data monitoring committees, federal regulatory agencies, managers, or clients.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.d"
    },
    {
      "text": "Determine project plans, timelines, or technical objectives for statistical aspects of biological research studies.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.6.b"
    }
  ],
  "emergingTasks": [],
  "activities": [
    {
      "name": "Write grant proposals.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.6.g"
    },
    {
      "name": "Train others in computer interface or software use.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.3.e"
    },
    {
      "name": "Update knowledge about emerging industry or technology trends.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.3.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Analyze data to identify trends or relationships among variables.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.d"
    },
    {
      "name": "Present research results to others.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.6.c"
    },
    {
      "name": "Prepare analytical reports.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.6.c"
    },
    {
      "name": "Determine appropriate methods for data analysis.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.1.d"
    },
    {
      "name": "Develop detailed project plans.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.6.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Assign duties or work schedules to employees.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.1.f"
    },
    {
      "name": "Write computer programming code.",
      "iwa": "4.A.3.b.1.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Design research studies to obtain scientific information.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.s"
    },
    {
      "name": "Prepare graphics or other visual representations of information.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.o"
    },
    {
      "name": "Monitor operational activities to ensure compliance with regulations or standard operating procedures.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.2.k"
    },
    {
      "name": "Apply mathematical principles or statistical approaches to solve problems in scientific or applied fields.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.d"
    },
    {
      "name": "Design computer modeling or simulation programs.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Develop scientific or mathematical models.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.u"
    },
    {
      "name": "Create databases to store electronic data.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.f"
    },
    {
      "name": "Collect information from people through observation, interviews, or surveys.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.1.l"
    },
    {
      "name": "Collect data about customer needs.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.1.n"
    },
    {
      "name": "Analyze health-related data.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.4.f"
    },
    {
      "name": "Advise customers on technical or procedural issues.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.6.b"
    }
  ],
  "capabilities": [
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 4.67
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematical Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Expression",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Speaking",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Science",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Learning",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Complex Problem Solving",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Judgment and Decision Making",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Listening",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Writing",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Expression",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Problem Sensitivity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Clarity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Number Facility",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Recognition",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Computers and Electronics",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.7
    },
    {
      "name": "Fluency of Ideas",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Category Flexibility",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Near Vision",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Learning Strategies",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Programming",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Originality",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Instructing",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Analysis",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Evaluation",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Medicine and Dentistry",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.04
    },
    {
      "name": "Monitoring",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordination",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Operations Analysis",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Management",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Speed of Closure",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    }
  ],
  "skills": [
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Complex Problem Solving",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Learning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Writing",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Listening",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Recognition",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft PowerPoint",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Excel",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Learning Strategies",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Analysis",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Instructing",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Visualization",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Unix",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Management",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Shell Script",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "MySQL",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Word",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Windows",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Visual Studio",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Access",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Linux",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Social Perceptiveness",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Biology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Statistical Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Psychology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "STATISTICA",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "SAS/STAT",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Patient Monitoring Systems",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Negotiation",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Minitab",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Graphics Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Database Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Finger Dexterity",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Telecommunications",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    }
  ],
  "tools": [
    {
      "example": "IBM SPSS Statistics",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Excel",
      "category": "Spreadsheet software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Office software",
      "category": "Office suite software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft PowerPoint",
      "category": "Presentation software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Python",
      "category": "Object or component oriented development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "R",
      "category": "Object or component oriented development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "SAP software",
      "category": "Enterprise resource planning ERP software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "SAS",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Structured query language SQL",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Bash",
      "category": "Operating system software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "C#",
      "category": "Object or component oriented development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "C++",
      "category": "Object or component oriented development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Extensible markup language XML",
      "category": "Enterprise application integration software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Git",
      "category": "File versioning software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "JavaScript",
      "category": "Web platform development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Linux",
      "category": "Operating system software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Access",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft SQL Server",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Visual Studio",
      "category": "Development environment software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Windows",
      "category": "Operating system software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Word",
      "category": "Word processing software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "MySQL",
      "category": "Data base management system software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Oracle Database",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Oracle Java",
      "category": "Object or component oriented development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Perl",
      "category": "Object or component oriented development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "PHP",
      "category": "Web platform development software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Shell script",
      "category": "Operating system software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "The MathWorks MATLAB",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "UNIX",
      "category": "Operating system software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "StataCorp Stata",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Statistical software",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Clinical trials database software",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Data visualization software",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Database software",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Graphics software",
      "category": "Graphics or photo imaging software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Insightful S-PLUS",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Minitab",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Patient monitoring systems",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "S-Plus software",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "SAS/STAT",
      "category": "Analytical or scientific software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    }
  ],
  "workContext": [
    {
      "name": "E-Mail",
      "value": 4.71
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Sitting",
      "value": 4.46
    },
    {
      "name": "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team",
      "value": 4.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate",
      "value": 4.33
    },
    {
      "name": "Freedom to Make Decisions",
      "value": 4.26
    },
    {
      "name": "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams",
      "value": 4.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Indoors, Environmentally Controlled",
      "value": 4.17
    },
    {
      "name": "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals",
      "value": 4.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Telephone Conversations",
      "value": 3.92
    },
    {
      "name": "Contact With Others",
      "value": 3.71
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities",
      "value": 3.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Pressure",
      "value": 3.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Level of Competition",
      "value": 3.35
    },
    {
      "name": "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Letters and Memos",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Frequency of Decision Making",
      "value": 2.87
    },
    {
      "name": "Deal With External Customers or the Public in General",
      "value": 2.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks",
      "value": 2.71
    },
    {
      "name": "Physical Proximity",
      "value": 2.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Public Speaking",
      "value": 2.5
    },
    {
      "name": "Conflict Situations",
      "value": 2.46
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions",
      "value": 2.42
    },
    {
      "name": "Consequence of Error",
      "value": 2.35
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable",
      "value": 2.33
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls",
      "value": 2.17
    },
    {
      "name": "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People",
      "value": 2.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Standing",
      "value": 1.92
    },
    {
      "name": "Degree of Automation",
      "value": 1.92
    },
    {
      "name": "Health and Safety of Other Workers",
      "value": 1.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Walking or Running",
      "value": 1.5
    },
    {
      "name": "Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment",
      "value": 1.33
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body",
      "value": 1.21
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures",
      "value": 1.13
    },
    {
      "name": "In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment",
      "value": 1.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions",
      "value": 1.09
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Disease or Infections",
      "value": 1.09
    },
    {
      "name": "Outdoors, Under Cover",
      "value": 1.08
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles",
      "value": 1.08
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance",
      "value": 1.08
    }
  ],
  "preparation": {
    "jobZone": "5",
    "jobZoneName": "Job Zone Five: Extensive Preparation Needed",
    "education": "Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree).",
    "experience": "Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations. Many require more than five years of experience. For example, surgeons must complete four years of college and an additional five to seven years of specialized medical training to be able to do their job.",
    "svpRange": "(8.0 and above)",
    "educationDistribution": [
      {
        "label": "Master's Degree",
        "percentage": 58.33
      },
      {
        "label": "Doctoral Degree",
        "percentage": 29.17
      },
      {
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