{
  "entityType": "role",
  "schemaVersion": "role.v1",
  "slug": "role-13-2082-00",
  "socCode": "13-2082.00",
  "title": "Tax Preparers",
  "summary": "Prepare tax returns for individuals or small businesses.",
  "aliases": [
    "CPA (Certified Public Accountant)",
    "Enrolled Agent",
    "Tax Advisor",
    "Tax Preparer",
    "Income Tax Preparer",
    "Tax Accountant",
    "Tax Associate",
    "Tax Consultant",
    "Tax Professional",
    "Tax Specialist",
    "Corporate Tax Preparer",
    "Credentialed Tax Expert"
  ],
  "tasks": [
    {
      "text": "Compute taxes owed or overpaid, using adding machines or personal computers, and complete entries on forms, following tax form instructions and tax tables.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.3.c"
    },
    {
      "text": "Use all appropriate adjustments, deductions, and credits to keep clients' taxes to a minimum.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.3.c"
    },
    {
      "text": "Interview clients to obtain additional information on taxable income and deductible expenses and allowances.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.1.w"
    },
    {
      "text": "Furnish taxpayers with sufficient information and advice to ensure correct tax form completion.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.6.k"
    },
    {
      "text": "Prepare or assist in preparing simple to complex tax returns for individuals or small businesses.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.3.c"
    },
    {
      "text": "Review financial records, such as income statements and documentation of expenditures to determine forms needed to prepare tax returns.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.3.c"
    },
    {
      "text": "Check data input or verify totals on forms prepared by others to detect errors in arithmetic, data entry, or procedures.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.2.a"
    },
    {
      "text": "Explain federal and state tax laws to individuals and companies.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.a.1.b"
    },
    {
      "text": "Answer questions and provide future tax planning to clients.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.h"
    },
    {
      "text": "Consult tax law handbooks or bulletins to determine procedures for preparation of atypical returns.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.3.a"
    },
    {
      "text": "Calculate form preparation fees according to return complexity and processing time required.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.3.c"
    },
    {
      "text": "Schedule appointments with clients.",
      "type": "Core",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.5.c"
    }
  ],
  "emergingTasks": [],
  "activities": [
    {
      "name": "Develop financial plans for clients.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.2.h"
    },
    {
      "name": "Correspond with customers to answer questions or resolve complaints.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.a.8.c"
    },
    {
      "name": "Explain regulations, policies, or procedures.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.a.1.b"
    },
    {
      "name": "Schedule appointments.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.5.c"
    },
    {
      "name": "Calculate tax information.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.b.3.c"
    },
    {
      "name": "Interview clients to gather financial information.",
      "iwa": "4.A.1.a.1.w"
    },
    {
      "name": "Examine financial records.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.3.c"
    },
    {
      "name": "Advise others on financial matters.",
      "iwa": "4.A.4.b.6.k"
    },
    {
      "name": "Update professional knowledge.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.b.3.a"
    },
    {
      "name": "Verify accuracy of records.",
      "iwa": "4.A.2.a.2.a"
    }
  ],
  "capabilities": [
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Economics and Accounting",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.9
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Listening",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Comprehension",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Oral Expression",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Near Vision",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.88
    },
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.76
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Customer and Personal Service",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.7
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.58
    },
    {
      "name": "Law and Government",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.57
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.5
    },
    {
      "name": "Computers and Electronics",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.48
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Number Facility",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Administrative",
      "family": "knowledge",
      "value": 3.24
    },
    {
      "name": "Speaking",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Learning",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Management",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Category Flexibility",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Clarity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3.12
    },
    {
      "name": "Writing",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Monitoring",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Service Orientation",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Judgment and Decision Making",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Expression",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Fluency of Ideas",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Problem Sensitivity",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematical Reasoning",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Flexibility of Closure",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Perceptual Speed",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Selective Attention",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Recognition",
      "family": "ability",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Social Perceptiveness",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Complex Problem Solving",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.88
    },
    {
      "name": "Learning Strategies",
      "family": "essential_skill",
      "value": 2.75
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordination",
      "family": "transferable_skill",
      "value": 2.75
    }
  ],
  "skills": [
    {
      "name": "Reading Comprehension",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Listening",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "English Language",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Deductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Excel",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Critical Thinking",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Information Ordering",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Inductive Reasoning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Management",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Active Learning",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Writing",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Speech Recognition",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Word",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Outlook",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Access",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Social Perceptiveness",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Complex Problem Solving",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Learning Strategies",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Instructing",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Telecommunications",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tax Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Negotiation",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Systems Analysis",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Psychology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Visualization",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Microsoft Internet Explorer",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Email Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Finger Dexterity",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Foreign Language",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Geography",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Physics",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Project Management Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Installation",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Financial Analysis Software",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Equipment Selection",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Equipment Maintenance",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Depth Perception",
      "type": "Common Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chemistry",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    },
    {
      "name": "Biology",
      "type": "Specialized Skill"
    }
  ],
  "tools": [
    {
      "example": "Intuit TurboTax",
      "category": "Tax preparation software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Excel",
      "category": "Spreadsheet software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Office software",
      "category": "Office suite software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Intuit QuickBooks",
      "category": "Accounting software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Access",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Outlook",
      "category": "Electronic mail software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Word",
      "category": "Word processing software",
      "hot": true,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Tax compliance property tax management software",
      "category": "Compliance software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "Tax software",
      "category": "Accounting software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": true
    },
    {
      "example": "ACI TaskTracker",
      "category": "Project management software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "ATX Total Accounting Office",
      "category": "Accounting software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "ATX Total Tax Office",
      "category": "Tax preparation software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "CCH ProSystem fx TAX",
      "category": "Tax preparation software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Creative Solutions CPA Depreciation",
      "category": "Tax preparation software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Creative Solutions UltraTax CS",
      "category": "Tax preparation software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Datagroup ElectroFile 1040",
      "category": "Tax preparation software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Datagroup ElectroFile ELF",
      "category": "Tax preparation software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Datagroup ElectroFile ST",
      "category": "Tax preparation software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Datair Employee Benefits Systems",
      "category": "Financial analysis software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Electronic ToolKit for Tax Preparers",
      "category": "Tax preparation software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Email software",
      "category": "Electronic mail software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "ExacTax PackageEX",
      "category": "Tax preparation software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Greatland Corporation Winfiler",
      "category": "Human resources software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "GreatTax",
      "category": "Tax preparation software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Intellitax financial solutions software",
      "category": "Tax preparation software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Intuit ProSeries",
      "category": "Tax preparation software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Kleinrock Publishing",
      "category": "Financial analysis software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "LaCerte 1040 Tax Analyzer",
      "category": "Tax preparation software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Laserfiche Avante",
      "category": "Document management software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "M8 Client Billing",
      "category": "Billing and invoicing software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Microsoft Internet Explorer",
      "category": "Internet browser software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Petz Enterprises V-Tax",
      "category": "Tax preparation software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Quicken",
      "category": "Accounting software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Sage 50 Accounting",
      "category": "Data base user interface and query software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Sales Tax Tools Sales Tax Researcher",
      "category": "Financial analysis software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "ScheduleVIEW",
      "category": "Calendar and scheduling software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Sungard Relius",
      "category": "Financial analysis software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Sync Essentials Trade Accountant",
      "category": "Financial analysis software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Thomson GoSystem MyTaxInfo",
      "category": "Spreadsheet software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    },
    {
      "example": "Thomson Reuters UltraTax CS",
      "category": "Tax preparation software",
      "hot": false,
      "inDemand": false
    }
  ],
  "workContext": [
    {
      "name": "Importance of Being Exact or Accurate",
      "value": 4.9
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Sitting",
      "value": 4.45
    },
    {
      "name": "E-Mail",
      "value": 4.43
    },
    {
      "name": "Telephone Conversations",
      "value": 4.4
    },
    {
      "name": "Importance of Repeating Same Tasks",
      "value": 4.24
    },
    {
      "name": "Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams",
      "value": 4.1
    },
    {
      "name": "Time Pressure",
      "value": 4.05
    },
    {
      "name": "Contact With Others",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Freedom to Make Decisions",
      "value": 3.85
    },
    {
      "name": "Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results",
      "value": 3.74
    },
    {
      "name": "Deal With External Customers or the Public in General",
      "value": 3.67
    },
    {
      "name": "Frequency of Decision Making",
      "value": 3.6
    },
    {
      "name": "Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals",
      "value": 3.57
    },
    {
      "name": "Indoors, Environmentally Controlled",
      "value": 3.4
    },
    {
      "name": "Level of Competition",
      "value": 3.4
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions",
      "value": 3.21
    },
    {
      "name": "Written Letters and Memos",
      "value": 3.1
    },
    {
      "name": "Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team",
      "value": 2.86
    },
    {
      "name": "Degree of Automation",
      "value": 2.81
    },
    {
      "name": "Consequence of Error",
      "value": 2.74
    },
    {
      "name": "Physical Proximity",
      "value": 2.6
    },
    {
      "name": "Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People",
      "value": 2.55
    },
    {
      "name": "Conflict Situations",
      "value": 2.48
    },
    {
      "name": "Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers",
      "value": 2.43
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls",
      "value": 2.4
    },
    {
      "name": "Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities",
      "value": 2.19
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Standing",
      "value": 1.95
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable",
      "value": 1.9
    },
    {
      "name": "Public Speaking",
      "value": 1.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Disease or Infections",
      "value": 1.62
    },
    {
      "name": "Health and Safety of Other Workers",
      "value": 1.6
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Contaminants",
      "value": 1.48
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Walking or Running",
      "value": 1.43
    },
    {
      "name": "Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People",
      "value": 1.3
    },
    {
      "name": "Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled",
      "value": 1.3
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance",
      "value": 1.29
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body",
      "value": 1.25
    },
    {
      "name": "Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions",
      "value": 1.2
    },
    {
      "name": "Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling",
      "value": 1.2
    },
    {
      "name": "In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment",
      "value": 1.16
    }
  ],
  "preparation": {
    "jobZone": "3",
    "jobZoneName": "Job Zone Three: Medium Preparation Needed",
    "education": "Most occupations in this zone require training in vocational schools, related on-the-job experience, or an associate's degree.",
    "experience": "Previous work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is required for these occupations. For example, an electrician must have completed three or four years of apprenticeship or several years of vocational training, and often must have passed a licensing exam, in order to perform the job.",
    "svpRange": "(6.0 to < 7.0)",
    "educationDistribution": [
      {
        "label": "High School Diploma",
        "percentage": 38.1
      },
      {
        "label": "Post-Secondary Certificate",
        "percentage": 23.81
      },
      {
        "label": "Bachelor's Degree",
        "percentage": 23.81
      },
      {
        "label": "Associate's Degree (or other 2-year degree)",
        "percentage": 14.29
      }
    ]
  },
  "personFit": [
    {
      "name": "Conventional",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 6.79
    },
    {
      "name": "Accounting",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 6.64
    },
    {
      "name": "Office Work",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 6.02
    },
    {
      "name": "Finance",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 4.49
    },
    {
      "name": "Dependability",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 4
    },
    {
      "name": "Enterprising",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 3.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Attention to Detail",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 3
    },
    {
      "name": "Law",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 2.91
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathematics/Statistics",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 2.71
    },
    {
      "name": "Investigative",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 2.38
    },
    {
      "name": "Professional Advising",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 2.33
    },
    {
      "name": "Social",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 2.26
    },
    {
      "name": "Personal Service",
      "family": "specific_interest_area",
      "value": 2.24
    },
    {
      "name": "Cautiousness",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 2.24
    },
    {
      "name": "Integrity",
      "family": "work_style",
      "value": 2.21
    },
    {
      "name": "Realistic",
      "family": "career_interest_type",
      "value": 2.17
    }
  ],
  "relatedRoles": [
    {
      "socCode": "13-2081.00",
      "slug": "role-13-2081-00",
      "title": "Tax Examiners and Collectors, and Revenue Agents",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "13-2011.00",
      "slug": "role-13-2011-00",
      "title": "Accountants and Auditors",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "13-2052.00",
      "slug": "role-13-2052-00",
      "title": "Personal Financial Advisors",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "43-3031.00",
      "slug": "role-43-3031-00",
      "title": "Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "13-2071.00",
      "slug": "role-13-2071-00",
      "title": "Credit Counselors",
      "tier": "Primary-Short"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "13-2031.00",
      "slug": "role-13-2031-00",
      "title": "Budget Analysts",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "13-2041.00",
      "slug": "role-13-2041-00",
      "title": "Credit Analysts",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "13-2061.00",
      "slug": "role-13-2061-00",
      "title": "Financial Examiners",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "13-1141.00",
      "slug": "role-13-1141-00",
      "title": "Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "43-4011.00",
      "slug": "role-43-4011-00",
      "title": "Brokerage Clerks",
      "tier": "Primary-Long"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "43-3051.00",
      "slug": "role-43-3051-00",
      "title": "Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks",
      "tier": "Supplemental"
    },
    {
      "socCode": "43-4041.00",
      "slug": "role-43-4041-00",
      "title": "Credit Authorizers, Checkers, and Clerks",
      "tier": "Supplemental"
    }
  ],
  "careerClusters": [
    {
      "cluster": "Financial Services",
      "slug": "financial-services"
    }
  ],
  "educationLevel": {
    "category": "High school diploma or equivalent",
    "slug": "high-school-diploma-or-equivalent"
  },
  "studyPrograms": [
    {
      "title": "Business, Management, Marketing, and Related Support Services",
      "slug": "business-management-marketing-and-related-support-services"
    }
  ],
  "market": {
    "medianWage": 50560,
    "meanWage": 58860,
    "pct10Wage": 30500,
    "pct25Wage": 37750,
    "pct75Wage": 75590,
    "pct90Wage": 96240,
    "employment": 73570,
    "areaTitle": "U.S."
  },
  "industries": {
    "top": [
      {
        "naics": "54",
        "slug": "54",
        "title": "Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services",
        "level": "Sector",
        "employment": 71590,
        "medianWage": 49950,
        "lq": 13.93
      },
      {
        "naics": "51",
        "slug": "51",
        "title": "Information",
        "level": "Sector",
        "employment": 800,
        "medianWage": 61020,
        "lq": 0.58
      },
      {
        "naics": "52",
        "slug": "52",
        "title": "Finance and Insurance",
        "level": "Sector",
        "employment": 520,
        "medianWage": 80510,
        "lq": 0.18
      },
      {
        "naics": "55",
        "slug": "55",
        "title": "Management of Companies and Enterprises",
        "level": "Sector",
        "employment": 100,
        "medianWage": 59840,
        "lq": 0.07
      },
      {
        "naics": "62",
        "slug": "62",
        "title": "Health Care and Social Assistance",
        "level": "Sector",
        "employment": 90,
        "medianWage": 43680
      },
      {
        "naics": "42",
        "slug": "42",
        "title": "Wholesale Trade",
        "level": "Sector",
        "employment": 70,
        "medianWage": 109770
      },
      {
        "naics": "561320",
        "slug": "561320",
        "title": "Temporary Help Services",
        "level": "National industry",
        "medianWage": 62290
      }
    ],
    "concentrated": [
      {
        "naics": "54",
        "slug": "54",
        "title": "Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services",
        "level": "Sector",
        "employment": 71590,
        "lq": 13.93
      },
      {
        "naics": "51",
        "slug": "51",
        "title": "Information",
        "level": "Sector",
        "employment": 800,
        "lq": 0.58
      },
      {
        "naics": "52",
        "slug": "52",
        "title": "Finance and Insurance",
        "level": "Sector",
        "employment": 520,
        "lq": 0.18
      },
      {
        "naics": "55",
        "slug": "55",
        "title": "Management of Companies and Enterprises",
        "level": "Sector",
        "employment": 100,
        "lq": 0.07
      }
    ],
    "count": 7
  },
  "aiSignals": [
    {
      "source": "frey_osborne",
      "label": "Computerization probability",
      "score": 0.99,
      "scale": "0-1 probability",
      "release": "2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot"
    },
    {
      "source": "felten_aioe",
      "label": "AI occupational exposure",
      "score": 1.29371,
      "scale": "relative exposure score",
      "release": "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"
    },
    {
      "source": "felten_image_generation_aioe",
      "label": "Image generation occupational exposure",
      "score": 1.039527,
      "scale": "relative exposure score",
      "release": "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"
    },
    {
      "source": "felten_language_modeling_aioe",
      "label": "Language modeling occupational exposure",
      "score": 1.143748,
      "scale": "relative exposure score",
      "release": "2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks"
    }
  ],
  "aiOutlook": {
    "index": {
      "value": 90,
      "percentile": 95,
      "band": "High",
      "version": "ai-exposure-index-v1",
      "components": [
        {
          "percentile": 86,
          "source": "felten_aioe"
        },
        {
          "percentile": 95,
          "source": "openai_gpts_are_gpts"
        },
        {
          "percentile": 90,
          "source": "microsoft_working_with_ai"
        }
      ],
      "componentCount": 3
    },
    "exposure": [
      {
        "source": "felten_aioe",
        "label": "Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.)",
        "value": 1.29371,
        "percentile": 86,
        "band": "High",
        "note": "How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss."
      },
      {
        "source": "eloundou_gamma",
        "label": "LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou)",
        "value": 1,
        "percentile": 95,
        "band": "High",
        "note": "Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank."
      },
      {
        "source": "microsoft_applicability",
        "label": "AI assistant applicability (Microsoft)",
        "value": 0.31160150232666545,
        "percentile": 90,
        "band": "High",
        "note": "How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement."
      }
    ],
    "freyHistorical": {
      "source": "frey",
      "label": "Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)",
      "value": 0.99,
      "percentile": 99,
      "band": "High",
      "note": "A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking."
    },
    "teleworkable": false,
    "eloundou": {
      "alpha": 0.25,
      "beta": 0.625,
      "gamma": 1
    },
    "usageTasks": [
      {
        "task": "Explain federal and state tax laws to individuals and companies.",
        "usagePercent": 0.09654532083858855,
        "importance": 4.21
      },
      {
        "task": "Furnish taxpayers with sufficient information and advice to ensure correct tax form completion.",
        "usagePercent": 0.00883286977884959,
        "importance": 4.57
      },
      {
        "task": "Answer questions and provide future tax planning to clients.",
        "usagePercent": 0.007394960745083378,
        "importance": 4.2
      },
      {
        "task": "Prepare or assist in preparing simple to complex tax returns for individuals or small businesses.",
        "usagePercent": 0.003286649220037057,
        "importance": 4.5
      },
      {
        "task": "Check data input or verify totals on forms prepared by others to detect errors in arithmetic, data entry, or procedures.",
        "usagePercent": 0.002156863550649319,
        "importance": 4.37
      }
    ],
    "usageRelease": "2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2",
    "bls": {
      "growthPercent": 4.5,
      "growthPercentile": 70,
      "direction": "About average",
      "annualOpeningsThousands": 10.4,
      "annualOpeningsPercentile": 64,
      "employment2024Thousands": 90.6,
      "employment2034Thousands": 94.7
    },
    "sources": [
      {
        "source": "bls_employment_projections",
        "version": "2024-2034"
      },
      {
        "source": "dingel_neiman",
        "version": "dingel-neiman-workathome"
      },
      {
        "source": "felten_aioe",
        "version": "felten-raj-seamans-aioe"
      },
      {
        "source": "frey_osborne",
        "version": "frey-osborne-automation"
      },
      {
        "source": "microsoft_working_with_ai",
        "version": "working-with-ai"
      },
      {
        "source": "openai_gpts_are_gpts",
        "version": "gpts-are-gpts"
      }
    ]
  },
  "aiPlaybook": {
    "trustedTaskCount": 4,
    "taskCount": 4,
    "totalSample": 962,
    "autonomyMedian": 3,
    "dominantCollaboration": "learning",
    "automationShare": 15.8,
    "augmentationShare": 79.52,
    "workUsePercent": 21,
    "collaboration": [
      {
        "label": "learning",
        "percent": 59.98
      },
      {
        "label": "directive",
        "percent": 15.8
      },
      {
        "label": "validation",
        "percent": 10.91
      },
      {
        "label": "task iteration",
        "percent": 8.63
      }
    ],
    "useCase": [
      {
        "label": "personal",
        "percent": 70.48
      },
      {
        "label": "work",
        "percent": 21
      },
      {
        "label": "coursework",
        "percent": 6.24
      }
    ],
    "delegatedTasks": [
      {
        "task": "Explain federal and state tax laws to individuals and companies.",
        "usagePercent": 0.07470933866733342,
        "collaboration": "learning",
        "autonomyMedian": 3,
        "sampleCount": 747
      },
      {
        "task": "Furnish taxpayers with sufficient information and advice to ensure correct tax form completion.",
        "usagePercent": 0.011101387673459183,
        "collaboration": "learning",
        "autonomyMedian": 3,
        "sampleCount": 111
      },
      {
        "task": "Check data input or verify totals on forms prepared by others to detect errors in arithmetic, data entry, or procedures.",
        "usagePercent": 0.007000875109388674,
        "collaboration": "validation",
        "autonomyMedian": 3,
        "sampleCount": 70
      },
      {
        "task": "Answer questions and provide future tax planning to clients.",
        "usagePercent": 0.0034004250531316418,
        "collaboration": "learning",
        "autonomyMedian": 3,
        "sampleCount": 34
      }
    ],
    "boundaryTasks": [
      {
        "task": "Furnish taxpayers with sufficient information and advice to ensure correct tax form completion.",
        "humanNeededPercent": 99.09909909909909,
        "sampleCount": 111
      },
      {
        "task": "Answer questions and provide future tax planning to clients.",
        "humanNeededPercent": 97.05882352941177,
        "sampleCount": 34
      },
      {
        "task": "Explain federal and state tax laws to individuals and companies.",
        "humanNeededPercent": 96.78714859437751,
        "sampleCount": 747
      },
      {
        "task": "Check data input or verify totals on forms prepared by others to detect errors in arithmetic, data entry, or procedures.",
        "humanNeededPercent": 92.85714285714286,
        "sampleCount": 70
      }
    ],
    "seedPrompts": [
      {
        "prompt": "Teach me how to explain federal and state tax laws to individuals and companies, then check my work as I try it myself.",
        "collaboration": "learning"
      },
      {
        "prompt": "Teach me how to furnish taxpayers with sufficient information and advice to ensure correct tax form completion, then check my work as I try it myself.",
        "collaboration": "learning"
      },
      {
        "prompt": "I'm going to check data input or verify totals on forms prepared by others to detect errors in arithmetic, data entry, or procedures. Review what I produce and flag anything wrong or missing.",
        "collaboration": "validation"
      },
      {
        "prompt": "Teach me how to answer questions and provide future tax planning to clients, then check my work as I try it myself.",
        "collaboration": "learning"
      }
    ],
    "release": "2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2"
  },
  "counts": {
    "tasks": 12,
    "skills": 41,
    "capabilities": 120,
    "tools": 41,
    "relatedRoles": 20
  },
  "source": {
    "dataset": "gold.onet_role_starter_surface",
    "version": "30.3",
    "generatedAt": "2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00",
    "contentHash": "9a7c6834e5d477ed"
  }
}