# Farmers, Ranchers, and Other Agricultural Managers

> Plan, direct, or coordinate the management or operation of farms, ranches, greenhouses, aquacultural operations, nurseries, timber tracts, or other agricultural establishments. May hire, train, and supervise farm workers or contract for services to carry out the day-to-day activities of the managed operation. May engage in or supervise planting, cultivating, harvesting, and financial and marketing activities.
- **Entity Type:** role
- **Schema Version:** role.v1
- **Soc Code:** 11-9013.00
- **Summary:** Plan, direct, or coordinate the management or operation of farms, ranches, greenhouses, aquacultural operations, nurseries, timber tracts, or other agricultural establishments. May hire, train, and supervise farm workers or contract for services to carry out the day-to-day activities of the managed operation. May engage in or supervise planting, cultivating, harvesting, and financial and marketing activities.

## Aliases

- Aquaculture Director
- Farm Manager
- Greenhouse Manager
- Ranch Manager
- Farm Operations Technical Director
- Fish Hatchery Manager
- Harvesting Manager
- Hatchery Manager
- Hatchery Supervisor
- Nursery Manager
- Accredited Farm Manager (AFM)
- Activation Manager

## Tasks

| Text | Type | Iwa |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Collect and record growth, production, and environmental data. | Core | 4.A.2.a.2.c |
| Manage nurseries that grow horticultural plants for sale to trade or retail customers, for display or exhibition, or for research. | Core | 4.A.4.b.4.c |
| Direct and monitor trapping and spawning of fish, egg incubation, and fry rearing, applying knowledge of management and fish culturing techniques. | Core | 4.A.4.b.4.c |
| Direct and monitor the transfer of mature fish to lakes, ponds, streams, or commercial tanks. | Core | 4.A.4.b.4.c |
| Determine how to allocate resources and to respond to unanticipated problems, such as insect infestation, drought, and fire. | Core | 4.A.2.a.4.k |
| Determine plant growing conditions, such as greenhouses, hydroponics, or natural settings, and set planting and care schedules. | Core | 4.A.4.b.4.c |
| Devise and participate in activities to improve fish hatching and growth rates, and to prevent disease in hatcheries. | Core | 4.A.3.b.2.f |
| Position and regulate plant irrigation systems, and program environmental and irrigation control computers. | Core | 4.A.3.a.1.q |
| Prepare reports required by state and federal laws. | Core | 4.A.3.b.6.n |
| Inspect facilities and equipment for signs of disrepair, and perform necessary maintenance work. | Core | 4.A.1.b.2.e |
| Maintain financial, operational, production, or employment records for farms or ranches. | Core | 4.A.3.b.6.h |
| Coordinate clerical, record-keeping, inventory, requisitioning, and marketing activities. | Core | 4.A.4.b.4.j |

## Emerging Tasks


## Activities

| Name | Iwa |
| --- | --- |
| Compile operational data. | 4.A.2.a.2.c |
| Maintain operational records. | 4.A.3.b.6.h |
| Manage agricultural or forestry operations. | 4.A.4.b.4.c |
| Analyze financial records to improve budgeting or planning. | 4.A.2.a.4.k |
| Determine resource needs. | 4.A.2.b.1.h |
| Develop emergency response plans or procedures. | 4.A.2.b.2.p |
| Develop agricultural methods. | 4.A.3.b.2.f |
| Perform manual agricultural, aquacultural, or horticultural tasks. | 4.A.3.a.1.q |
| Prepare reports related to compliance matters. | 4.A.3.b.6.n |
| Maintain regulatory or compliance documentation. | 4.A.3.b.6.n |
| Inspect condition or functioning of facilities or equipment. | 4.A.1.b.2.e |
| Perform manual service or maintenance tasks. | 4.A.3.b.5.a |
| Maintain personnel records. | 4.A.3.b.6.h |
| Direct sales, marketing, or customer service activities. | 4.A.4.b.4.j |
| Direct administrative or support services. | 4.A.4.b.4.j |
| Direct organizational operations, projects, or services. | 4.A.4.b.4.j |
| Negotiate sales or lease agreements for products or services. | 4.A.4.a.7.b |
| Negotiate contracts for transportation, distribution, or logistics services. | 4.A.4.a.7.b |
| Test materials, solutions, or samples. | 4.A.1.b.2.c |
| Advise customers on technical or procedural issues. | 4.A.4.b.6.b |
| Analyze data to inform operational decisions or activities. | 4.A.2.a.4.g |
| Manage construction activities. | 4.A.4.b.4.i |
| Evaluate quality of plants or crops. | 4.A.2.a.1.e |
| Examine animals to detect illness, injury or other problems. | 4.A.1.b.2.i |
| Direct activities of agricultural, forestry, or fishery employees. | 4.A.4.b.4.c |
| Estimate labor or resource requirements for forestry, fishing, or agricultural operations. | 4.A.2.b.1.h |
| Develop organizational policies or programs. | 4.A.2.b.4.a |
| Develop marketing plans or strategies. | 4.A.2.b.2.c |
| Conduct employee training programs. | 4.A.4.b.3.d |
| Supervise employees. | 4.A.4.b.4.a |
| Hire personnel. | 4.A.4.c.2.a |
| Monitor organizational compliance with regulations. | 4.A.1.a.2.k |
| Monitor operational quality or safety. | 4.A.1.a.2.b |
| Submit financial applications. | 4.A.4.c.1.c |
| Purchase materials, equipment, or other resources. | 4.A.4.c.3.e |

## Capabilities

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Administration and Management | knowledge | 4.13 |
| Production and Processing | knowledge | 3.9 |
| Active Listening | essential_skill | 3.88 |
| Critical Thinking | essential_skill | 3.88 |
| Oral Comprehension | ability | 3.88 |
| Oral Expression | ability | 3.88 |
| Problem Sensitivity | ability | 3.88 |
| Deductive Reasoning | ability | 3.88 |
| Inductive Reasoning | ability | 3.88 |
| Biology | knowledge | 3.82 |
| Reading Comprehension | essential_skill | 3.75 |
| Written Comprehension | ability | 3.75 |
| Category Flexibility | ability | 3.75 |
| Speech Clarity | ability | 3.75 |
| Mathematics | knowledge | 3.63 |
| Speaking | essential_skill | 3.62 |
| Complex Problem Solving | transferable_skill | 3.62 |
| Management of Personnel Resources | transferable_skill | 3.62 |
| Written Expression | ability | 3.62 |
| Information Ordering | ability | 3.62 |
| Speech Recognition | ability | 3.62 |
| Coordination | transferable_skill | 3.5 |
| Judgment and Decision Making | transferable_skill | 3.5 |
| Personnel and Human Resources | knowledge | 3.39 |
| English Language | knowledge | 3.39 |
| Active Learning | essential_skill | 3.38 |
| Monitoring | essential_skill | 3.38 |
| Social Perceptiveness | transferable_skill | 3.38 |
| Time Management | transferable_skill | 3.38 |
| Fluency of Ideas | ability | 3.38 |
| Perceptual Speed | ability | 3.38 |
| Near Vision | ability | 3.38 |
| Far Vision | ability | 3.38 |
| Food Production | knowledge | 3.37 |
| Economics and Accounting | knowledge | 3.29 |
| Sales and Marketing | knowledge | 3.29 |
| Writing | essential_skill | 3.25 |
| Mechanical | knowledge | 3.25 |
| Originality | ability | 3.25 |
| Flexibility of Closure | ability | 3.25 |

## Skills

| Name | Type |
| --- | --- |
| Inductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Deductive Reasoning | Common Skill |
| Critical Thinking | Common Skill |
| Active Listening | Common Skill |
| Biology | Specialized Skill |
| Reading Comprehension | Common Skill |
| Mathematics | Common Skill |
| Speech Recognition | Specialized Skill |
| Information Ordering | Specialized Skill |
| Complex Problem Solving | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Excel | Common Skill |
| English Language | Common Skill |
| Time Management | Common Skill |
| Social Perceptiveness | Common Skill |
| Active Learning | Common Skill |
| Writing | Common Skill |
| Visualization | Specialized Skill |
| Negotiation | Common Skill |
| Chemistry | Specialized Skill |
| Systems Analysis | Specialized Skill |
| Microsoft Word | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Visio | Specialized Skill |
| Microsoft PowerPoint | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Outlook | Common Skill |
| Microsoft Access | Specialized Skill |
| Facebook | Specialized Skill |
| Atlassian Confluence | Specialized Skill |
| Adobe Photoshop | Specialized Skill |
| Learning Strategies | Specialized Skill |
| Instructing | Specialized Skill |
| Finger Dexterity | Common Skill |
| Equipment Maintenance | Specialized Skill |
| Depth Perception | Common Skill |
| Psychology | Specialized Skill |
| Equipment Selection | Specialized Skill |
| Geography | Specialized Skill |
| Physics | Specialized Skill |
| Email Software | Specialized Skill |
| Telecommunications | Specialized Skill |
| Foreign Language | Common Skill |

## Tools

| Example | Category | Hot | In Demand |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Microsoft Excel | Spreadsheet software | yes | yes |
| Microsoft Office software | Office suite software | yes | yes |
| Adobe Photoshop | Graphics or photo imaging software | yes | no |
| Atlassian Confluence | Cloud-based data access and sharing software | yes | no |
| Facebook | Web page creation and editing software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Access | Data base user interface and query software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Outlook | Electronic mail software | yes | no |
| Microsoft PowerPoint | Presentation software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Visio | Process mapping and design software | yes | no |
| Microsoft Word | Word processing software | yes | no |
| SAP software | Enterprise resource planning ERP software | yes | no |
| Accutech Systems Corporation AccuFarm-MGR | Enterprise resource planning ERP software | no | no |
| Advanced Veterinary Services Ranch Vision | Enterprise resource planning ERP software | no | no |
| Ag Connections Land.db | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| Ag Leader Technology SMS Advanced | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| AGCO Advanced Technology Solutions Fieldstar | Industrial control software | no | no |
| AgData Blue Skies Accounting | Accounting software | no | no |
| Agevo Farm Manager | Enterprise resource planning ERP software | no | no |
| AgriSoft/CMC AgriSoft/ERP | Enterprise resource planning ERP software | no | no |
| AgTerra Technologies AgTrac | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| Alua Software Paddock Pro | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| AquaSoft Farm Manager | Project management software | no | no |
| Argos Software ABECAS Insight | Enterprise resource planning ERP software | no | no |
| Brihzon Solutions SMART Dairy Resource Planning | Enterprise resource planning ERP software | no | no |
| Cattlesoft CattleMax | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| CattleWorks | Enterprise resource planning ERP software | no | no |
| CDA International Manifold System | Map creation software | no | no |
| Countryside Data Ag Payroll | Time accounting software | no | no |
| Custom Software Group CSG AgroSys | Enterprise resource planning ERP software | no | no |
| Datatech The Farmer's Office | Accounting software | no | no |
| Delta Data Systems AGIS | Geographic information system | no | no |
| DIVA-GIS | Geographic information system | no | no |
| Email software | Electronic mail software | no | no |
| ESRI ArcPad | Geographic information system | no | no |
| EZ-Ranch | Enterprise resource planning ERP software | no | no |
| Farm Business Software Systems Smart Feeder | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| Farm Files Crops | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| Farm Files Livestock | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| Fish stocking databases | Data base user interface and query software | no | no |
| Geographic information system GIS systems | Geographic information system | no | no |

## Work Context

| Name | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams | 4.83 |
| Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions | 4.78 |
| Freedom to Make Decisions | 4.55 |
| Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals | 4.53 |
| Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team | 4.45 |
| Contact With Others | 4.27 |
| Health and Safety of Other Workers | 4.22 |
| Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled | 4.18 |
| Telephone Conversations | 4.12 |
| Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results | 4.09 |
| Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities | 4.02 |
| Outdoors, Under Cover | 3.98 |
| Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers | 3.96 |
| In an Open Vehicle or Operating Equipment | 3.88 |
| In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment | 3.88 |
| Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures | 3.78 |
| Frequency of Decision Making | 3.54 |
| Indoors, Environmentally Controlled | 3.49 |
| Importance of Being Exact or Accurate | 3.49 |
| Time Pressure | 3.49 |
| Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets | 3.43 |
| Spend Time Standing | 3.42 |
| E-Mail | 3.39 |
| Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings | 3.31 |
| Deal With External Customers or the Public in General | 3.28 |
| Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable | 3.28 |
| Physical Proximity | 3.23 |
| Exposed to Contaminants | 3.17 |
| Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls | 3.14 |
| Level of Competition | 3.09 |
| Importance of Repeating Same Tasks | 3.06 |
| Consequence of Error | 3.04 |
| Spend Time Walking or Running | 2.87 |
| Written Letters and Memos | 2.75 |
| Exposed to Hazardous Conditions | 2.71 |
| Exposed to Hazardous Equipment | 2.69 |
| Conflict Situations | 2.61 |
| Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions | 2.57 |
| Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body | 2.43 |
| Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions | 2.39 |

## Preparation

- **Job Zone:** 4
- **Job Zone Name:** Job Zone Four: Considerable Preparation Needed
- **Education:** Most of these occupations require a four-year bachelor's degree, but some do not.
- **Experience:** A considerable amount of work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is needed for these occupations. For example, an accountant must complete four years of college and work for several years in accounting to be considered qualified.
- **Svp Range:** (7.0 to < 8.0)

### Education Distribution


## Person Fit

| Name | Family | Value |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Agriculture | specific_interest_area | 7 |
| Management/Administration | specific_interest_area | 6.06 |
| Enterprising | career_interest_type | 5.52 |
| Nature/Outdoors | specific_interest_area | 5.46 |
| Realistic | career_interest_type | 5.16 |
| Dependability | work_style | 5 |
| Conventional | career_interest_type | 4.53 |
| Business Initiatives | specific_interest_area | 4.02 |
| Attention to Detail | work_style | 4 |
| Physical/Manual Labor | specific_interest_area | 3.8 |
| Life Science | specific_interest_area | 3.29 |
| Transportation/Machine Operation | specific_interest_area | 3.27 |
| Animal Service | specific_interest_area | 3.19 |
| Accounting | specific_interest_area | 3.07 |
| Achievement Orientation | work_style | 3 |
| Sales | specific_interest_area | 2.8 |

## Related Roles

| Soc Code | Slug | Title | Tier |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 19-4012.00 | role-19-4012-00 | Agricultural Technicians | Primary-Short |
| 17-2021.00 | role-17-2021-00 | Agricultural Engineers | Primary-Short |
| 19-1013.00 | role-19-1013-00 | Soil and Plant Scientists | Primary-Short |
| 45-1011.00 | role-45-1011-00 | First-Line Supervisors of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers | Primary-Short |
| 25-1041.00 | role-25-1041-00 | Agricultural Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary | Primary-Short |
| 11-3051.03 | role-11-3051-03 | Biofuels Production Managers | Primary-Long |
| 13-1021.00 | role-13-1021-00 | Buyers and Purchasing Agents, Farm Products | Primary-Long |
| 19-1012.00 | role-19-1012-00 | Food Scientists and Technologists | Primary-Long |
| 19-4012.01 | role-19-4012-01 | Precision Agriculture Technicians | Primary-Long |
| 19-1031.02 | role-19-1031-02 | Range Managers | Primary-Long |
| 45-2092.00 | role-45-2092-00 | Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse | Supplemental |
| 45-2093.00 | role-45-2093-00 | Farmworkers, Farm, Ranch, and Aquacultural Animals | Supplemental |

## Career Clusters

| Cluster | Slug |
| --- | --- |
| Agriculture | agriculture |

## Education Level

- **Category:** High school diploma or equivalent

## Study Programs

| Title | Slug |
| --- | --- |
| Agriculture, Agriculture Operations, and Related Sciences | agriculture-agriculture-operations-and-related-sciences |
| Multi/Interdisciplinary Studies | multi-interdisciplinary-studies |

## Market

- **Median Wage:** 87980
- **Mean Wage:** 97240
- **Pct10Wage:** 51700
- **Pct25Wage:** 67970
- **Pct75Wage:** 115200
- **Pct90Wage:** 156530
- **Employment:** 5910
- **Area Title:** U.S.

## Industries


### Top

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Median Wage | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 11 | 11 | Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting | Sector | 2560 | 94170 | 157.75 |
| 42 | 42 | Wholesale Trade | Sector | 520 | 100480 | 2.25 |
| 31-33 | 31-33 | Manufacturing | Sector | 420 | 97970 | 0.86 |
| 56 | 56 | Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services | Sector | 360 |  | 1.04 |
| 55 | 55 | Management of Companies and Enterprises | Sector | 350 | 137910 | 3.25 |
| 61 | 61 | Educational Services | Sector | 330 | 76010 | 0.63 |
| 54 | 54 | Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services | Sector | 240 | 85600 | 0.58 |
| 44-45 | 44-45 | Retail Trade | Sector | 170 | 80970 | 0.28 |
| 81 | 81 | Other Services (except Public Administration) | Sector | 160 | 77540 | 0.94 |
| 53 | 53 | Real Estate and Rental and Leasing | Sector | 100 | 72680 | 1.1 |
| 71 | 71 | Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation | Sector | 90 | 84190 |  |
| 62 | 62 | Health Care and Social Assistance | Sector | 60 | 62600 |  |

### Concentrated

| Naics | Slug | Title | Level | Employment | Lq |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 11 | 11 | Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting | Sector | 2560 | 157.75 |
| 55 | 55 | Management of Companies and Enterprises | Sector | 350 | 3.25 |
| 42 | 42 | Wholesale Trade | Sector | 520 | 2.25 |
| 53 | 53 | Real Estate and Rental and Leasing | Sector | 100 | 1.1 |
| 56 | 56 | Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services | Sector | 360 | 1.04 |
| 81 | 81 | Other Services (except Public Administration) | Sector | 160 | 0.94 |
| 31-33 | 31-33 | Manufacturing | Sector | 420 | 0.86 |
| 61 | 61 | Educational Services | Sector | 330 | 0.63 |
- **Count:** 14

## Ai Signals

| Source | Label | Score | Scale | Release |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| frey_osborne | Computerization probability | 0.047 | 0-1 probability | 2013-baseline-2016-employment-snapshot |
| felten_aioe | AI occupational exposure | -0.1443684 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |
| felten_image_generation_aioe | Image generation occupational exposure | 0.0162789 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |
| felten_language_modeling_aioe | Language modeling occupational exposure | -0.1584996 | relative exposure score | 2021-plus-generative-ai-workbooks |

## Ai Outlook


### Index

- **Value:** 40
- **Percentile:** 38
- **Band:** Moderate
- **Version:** ai-exposure-index-v1

#### Components

| Percentile | Source |
| --- | --- |
| 45 | felten_aioe |
| 55 | openai_gpts_are_gpts |
| 21 | microsoft_working_with_ai |
- **Component Count:** 3

### Exposure

| Source | Label | Value | Percentile | Band | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| felten_aioe | Overall AI exposure (Felten et al.) | -0.1443684 | 45 | Moderate | How much this job's abilities overlap with what AI systems can do, across many AI capabilities. A relative research score, not a forecast of job loss. |
| eloundou_gamma | LLM task exposure, γ (OpenAI / Eloundou) | 0.6938775510204082 | 55 | Moderate | Share of this job's tasks where a large language model plus simple tools could cut the time to do them by at least half. γ is capped at 1.0 and many jobs reach that ceiling, so treat a top score as 'in the top group', not a precise rank. |
| microsoft_applicability | AI assistant applicability (Microsoft) | 0.07604159982061662 | 21 | Low | How applicable today's AI assistants are to this job's activities, measured from real Microsoft Copilot conversations. Applicability is not the same as replacement. |

### Frey Historical

- **Source:** frey
- **Label:** Computerization probability (Frey & Osborne, 2013)
- **Value:** 0.047
- **Percentile:** 23
- **Band:** Low
- **Note:** A pre-LLM (2013) estimate of how automatable this job is by computerization and robotics. Shown for historical context only — it is not part of any current AI ranking.
- **Teleworkable:** no

### Eloundou

- **Alpha:** 0.04081632653061224
- **Beta:** 0.36734693877551017
- **Gamma:** 0.6938775510204082

### Usage Tasks

| Task | Usage Percent | Importance |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Prepare reports required by state and federal laws. | 0.002978525855658583 | 3.95 |
| Provide information to customers on the care of trees, shrubs, flowers, plants, and lawns. | 0.002875818067532425 | 3.67 |
| Determine plant growing conditions, such as greenhouses, hydroponics, or natural settings, and set planting and care schedules. | 0.0017460323981446867 | 4.09 |
- **Usage Release:** 2026-01-15-v4-plus-2025-03-27-v2

### Bls

- **Growth Percent:** -1.3
- **Growth Percentile:** 21
- **Direction:** Declining
- **Annual Openings Thousands:** 85.5
- **Annual Openings Percentile:** 94
- **Employment2024Thousands:** 836.1
- **Employment2034Thousands:** 825

### Sources

| Source | Version |
| --- | --- |
| bls_employment_projections | 2024-2034 |
| dingel_neiman | dingel-neiman-workathome |
| felten_aioe | felten-raj-seamans-aioe |
| frey_osborne | frey-osborne-automation |
| microsoft_working_with_ai | working-with-ai |
| openai_gpts_are_gpts | gpts-are-gpts |

## Counts

- **Tasks:** 30
- **Skills:** 45
- **Capabilities:** 120
- **Tools:** 76
- **Related Roles:** 20

## Source

- **Dataset:** gold.onet_role_starter_surface
- **Version:** 30.3
- **Generated At:** 2026-06-02T21:00:32.945303+00:00
- **Content Hash:** a76f1661c6b7da72